まるでUFO? 澄んだ空は雲の博物館。さあ、秋空を見上げよう(画像集)

秋に見られる、ちょっと変わった雲を紹介します。
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ふと空を見上げると、澄んだ青空にうろこ雲。

モクモクと立ち上がる雄大な入道雲が印象的だった夏から、秋に季節が変わったと感じる瞬間です。

実は、秋はたくさんの種類の雲が見られる季節です。これは、秋の気圧配置と関係があります。

太平洋高気圧が日本列島を覆っていた夏が終わると、太平洋高気圧の勢力は弱まり、大陸から低気圧と高気圧が交互にやってくるので、たくさんの種類の雲が見られるのです。

今回は、秋に見られる、ちょっと変わった雲を紹介します。

■青空に映える「すじ雲」

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青空に刷毛(はけ)で描いたようなすじ雲。さまざまな形があるので、思わず見とれてしまいます。

■大きなモコモコが並ぶ「ひつじ雲」

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うろこ雲より大きなモコモコが並ぶ、ひつじ雲。うろこ雲が空の上のほうにあり、氷の粒でできているのに対し、こちらは空の中層あたりにあり、水と氷の粒でできています。うろこ雲とひつじ雲の見分け方は、雲の大きさ。人差し指を雲にかざして、人差し指の先よりも小さければうろこ雲、大きければひつじ雲です。

すじ雲と、うろこ雲は、秋を知らせる?低気圧の温暖前線が近づいてきているサインです。

■雨のサイン? 「暈」(かさ)

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太陽や月のまわりに暈(かさ)を作る、うす雲も低気圧の温暖前線が近づいているサイン。「暈ができると次の日は雨が降る」ということわざもあります。

■空気が澄みわたる、秋の空

低気圧と高気圧が交互にやってくるのは、春も同じです。なのに、秋空のほうが雲の印象が強いのはなぜなのでしょうか。

それは、春よりも秋のほうが空気が澄んでいるから。空気中に、水蒸気やちりが多いと、空が白っぽく見えます。たとえ雲が出ていても、くっきりとは見えにくいのです。

「天高く馬肥ゆる秋」「秋晴れ」という言葉はありますが、「春晴れ」という言葉はありません。「春霞」という言葉はありますが、「秋霞」という言葉も聞かないですね。

秋になると、ちょっと変わった形の雲も現れやすくなります。

■まるでUFO? 「レンズ雲」

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レンズ雲、吊るし雲と呼ばれる雲です。まるでUFOのようです。

■笠雲

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富士山が笠をかぶっているような雲。笠雲といいます。

笠雲は、強い風が高い山を越えた時に山の上に発生します。

風が山を越えて下降したあとは、しばらく上昇と下降を繰り返します。※風が上昇したときにできるのが、レンズ雲なのです。

秋は台風が日本を訪れやすい時期です。

山に向かって強い風が吹きやすいので、レンズ雲や笠雲も発生しやすくなります。

Twitter上にも、富士山にかかる美しい「笠雲」が投稿されています。

……

さまざまな雲が現れて、見飽きない秋の空。

澄んだ高い青空を見上げると、気分が晴れ晴れとしてきます。

(気象予報士・ライター 今井明子

「世界の虹」写真集
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