ペンギン15万羽、南極大陸で一斉に死亡との研究結果 何があった?

15万羽というペンギンたちの身に起こったのは…
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南極に住むアデリーペンギン約15万羽が、居住地が巨大な氷山に阻まれて餌を捕るために海に出られなくなったことが原因で死亡した。オーストラリアとニュージーランドの研究者が2月2日に発表した研究結果で明らかになった。ペンギンたちは海に出るまでに往復約120kmも移動しなければならなくなっているという。テレグラフ紙などが報じた。

研究によると、この氷山は約20年に渡って南極大陸のコモンウェルス湾に浮かび、「B9B」と呼ばれている。B9Bの面積は推定2900平方キロメートル。ガーディアン紙によると、ローマ市とほぼ同じ広さに相当する。

この氷山が2010年12月、強風の影響で南極のデニソン地区付近の海岸に衝突。デニソン地区にいたよちよち歩きのペンギンたちの前に立ちはだかった。このため、2011年に16万羽いたペンギンは、近年ではわずか1万羽程度まで減少したとみられる。

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巨大な氷山が目の前に。

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コモンウェルス湾の衛星写真。デニソン地区とメルツポリニヤと呼ばれる海氷生成域の間に、巨大氷山「B9B」がある。(2013年12月15日、NASA-MODIS撮影 Dr Jan Liester, AAD)

オーストラリアのニューサウスウェールズ大学のクリス・ターネイ教授は、かつてこの湾にはその声に研究者が不満をもらすほどのペンギンがいたとコメント。「ところが今では、不思議なほど静まりかえっている。いまだにデニソン地区にはペンギンが立ち往生している」と述べた。

一方でニューサウスウェールズ大学気候変動研究センターのクリス・フォグウィル氏は「コモンウェルス湾のB9Bの定着氷の一部が、壊れそうだ」という一つの希望を語った。

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ANTARCTICA - 2009/10/30: Antarctica, Weddell Sea, Snow Hill Island, Emperor Penguin Colony Aptenodytes forsteri, Chicks On Ice. (Photo by Wolfgang Kaehler/LightRocket via Getty Images) (credit:Wolfgang Kaehler via Getty Images)
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