クリスマスイルミネーションは、宇宙から見えるほど明るい(画像)

NASAが、気象衛星「スオミNPP」を使って、3年にわたって撮影された衛星画像を分析したところ、アメリカの一部の都市では、ホリデーシーズンに、街の灯りが20~30%ほど明るくなることがわかったという。

クリスマスシーズンに、都市や郊外を彩るイルミネーション。そのイルミネーションの光が集合体となった時のパワーは、とてつもなく大きく、普段の灯りとの違いを、宇宙からでも見わけられるほどだ。

アメリカ航空宇宙局(NASA)が、アメリカ海洋大気庁(NOAA)とともに運営する気象衛星「スオミNPP」を使って3年にわたって撮影された衛星画像を分析したところ、アメリカの一部の都市では、ホリデーシーズンに、街の灯りが20~30%ほど明るくなることがわかったという。郊外では、最大50%も明るくなる地域もある。

下の地図にある緑の点は、12月になってから街の灯りが最大で50%明るくなった地域を表している。

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また、以下の地図では、都市と郊外の違いが映し出されている。ワシントンD.C.、ボルチモア、リッチモンド、バージニアビーチといった都市の中心部は、黄色の点で覆われている。これは、通常時と比べて明るさの変化の度合いが大きくないことを示している。これに対して、都市を取り巻く郊外は緑に染まっている。これはつまり、明るさの変化の度合いが、都市よりもずっと大きいということだ。

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NASAのジェンキンズ大学院のフェローで、この調査の共同リーダーを務めたエレノア・ストークス氏はプレスリリースのなかで、「全体的に見て、郊外や小さな町は、密集した都市中心部と比べて、明るさの変化の度合いが大きい」と述べている。これは、郊外や小さな町には、一戸建て住宅や庭が多く、クリスマス・イルミネーションの飾り付けがたくさん行われるからだという。

こうした灯りの変化は、クリスマスシーズンのアメリカに限ったものではなく、研究者たちが街の明るさの違いに着目したのは、実はイスラム教の「ラマダン」(断食月)明けの祝祭の際に撮影された、カイロの衛星画像がきっかけだった。

この調査の共同リーダーを務めたNASAゴダード宇宙センターのミゲル・ローマン氏は、ニュース番組「ABC7」の取材に対して、将来的には、従来の白熱電灯によるイルミネーションと、エネルギー効率の良いLEDによるイルミネーションの違いを衛星で見わけ、エネルギー消費に関する経時的な変化を追跡できるようになるかもしれないと話している

文末スライドショーでは、シンガポールやトロント、パリなどのクリスマス・イルミネーションを紹介している。

この記事は最初にハフポストUS版に掲載されたものです。

[日本語版:梅田智世/ガリレオ]

Top 10 Christmas Lights Displays
Singapore(01 of10)
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In recent years, the magic of Christmas lights has spread even further afield to countries throughout Asia.\n\nEvery evening from November 20 to January 2, Orchard Road and Marina Bay in Singapore are lit up in full-on seasonal splendor with its Christmas in the Tropics light display.\n\nSingapore’s famous shopping district celebrates with twinkling street lights, dressed-up shop windows, concerts, musicals and exhibitions.\n\nSearch and compare cheap flights to Singapore. (credit:Flickr:trioptikmal)
Toronto, Canada(02 of10)
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In Toronto, the annual Cavalcade of Lights marks the official start of the holiday season with music, skating, dancing and a whole heap of Christmas lights!\r\n\r\nNow in its 46th year, the Cavalcade was created in 1967 to showcase Toronto’s newly constructed City Hall and Nathan Phillips Square.\r\n\r\nThe festive usually falls on the final weekend of November when the Square and a giant Christmas tree are illuminated by more than 300,000 energy-efficient LED lights that shine from dusk until 11pm, November 17 to January 1.\r\n\r\nSearch and compare cheap flights to Toronto.\r\n\r\nPhoto credit: Daniel Wei
Paris, France(03 of10)
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With a name like the City of Lights you’d expect Paris to shine at Christmas and it certainly doesn’t disappoint.\r\n\r\nDuring the day you’ll come across the usual bustle of tourists at the iconic sites, but night time is when the magic really happens. With the sparkling Eiffel Tower, glitzy Champs-Élysées and starry streets, the city feels like a real-life fairy tale after dark.\r\n\r\nSearch and compare cheap flights to France. (credit:Flickr:Adam Tinworth)
Medellin, Colombia(04 of10)
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Christmas in Medellin, Colombia, is a time of families coming together to celebrate and enjoy the simple pleasure of looking at amazing decorations.\r\n\r\nIn December, the city’s thoroughfares, roads and parks are covered in thousands of fairy lights, with the most impressive displays found in Avenue la Playa and the Medellin River.\r\n\r\nEvery year thousands flock to the Medellin River to gaze at the million dollar displays, sample delicious food and enjoy street performances.\r\n\r\nSearch and compare cheap flights to Medellin. (credit:Flickr:Luz Adriana Villa A.)
Kobe, Japan(05 of10)
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Seasonal illuminations around Christmas time have become a popular attraction in cities across Japan and none is more beautiful than the Kobe Luminarie.\r\n\r\nAfter the Kobe earthquake of 1995, Italy donated thousands of hand-painted bulbs to the city and these were transformed into an intricate, gothic-style luminarie designed by Valerio Festi and Hirokazu Imaoka.\r\n\r\nThe tradition continues, and every year from December 1-12, around four million locals and tourists alike come to celebrate Japan’s enduring resilience near Higashi-Yuenchi Park.\r\n\r\nSearch and compare cheap flights to Japan. (credit:Flickr:kimubert)
Baltimore, Maryland(06 of10)
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For 11 months out of the year, 34th Street in Baltimore is like any other street in North America, but in the month of December something truly magical takes place.\r\n\r\nNow in its 62nd year, the “Christmas Street” light display sees thousands of visitors descend on this unassuming neighborhood to view some of the most fantastic, and quirky, lights in North America.\r\n\r\nEach house on the block is decorated in the owner’s unique style and some homes include toy trains on rooftops and hubcap Christmas trees.\r\n\r\nSearch and compare cheap flights to Baltimore. (credit:Flickr:o)
Vilnius, Lithuania(07 of10)
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For the Christmas season, Lithuania’s capital city Vilnius gets covered in colorful garlands of electric lights and the country’s largest ‘Christmas tree’ (the Vilnius television tower under a vale of lights) is lit up.\r\n\r\nIn the Old Town Christmas Markets, taste festive treats and mulled wine;, and then see if you can spot Santa or listen to carols in one of the city’s many churches.\r\n\r\nFor a dazzling performance like no other, check out the popular Magic Christmas display. This state of the production sees the city’s cathedral transformed into a colorful storyboard with a “4D” projection of light, sound, and even scent. \r\n\r\nSearch and compare cheap flights to Lithuania.\r\n\r\nPhoto credit: Eugenijus Radlinskas
Vienna, Austria(08 of10)
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If experiencing a traditional European Christmas is on your list, it doesn’t get more perfect than celebrating Weihnachten in Vienna, Austria.\r\n\r\nFrom mid-November 10 of Vienna’s city squares are transformed into beautiful Christmas Markets decorated with bushy trees and strings of twinkling fairy lights hanging from every available surface.\r\n\r\nTop this off with stalls selling crafts, gifts, local produce, season foods and festive drinks and you’ve got enough Christmas spirit to cheer even the biggest Grinch.\r\n\r\nSearch and compare cheap flights to Austria. (credit:Flickr:weisserstier)
Berlin, Germany(09 of10)
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Germany is the home of Christmas Lights so it’s no wonder the country’s capital really shines during the holiday season.\r\n\r\nWhen the sun goes down on Berlin, the city’s historic buildings, streets and every available tree branch is lit up with colorful projections and row upon row of fairy lights.\r\n\r\nBerlin’s illuminations are such a drawcard that visitors with a passion for photography can sign up for special guided tours of the lights.\r\n\r\nWithin the city squares and boulevards nearly 60 different Weihnachtsmarkt (Christmas Markets) provide even more glistening sights along with all the shopping, food and Glühwein (mulled wine) you’d expect from a Christmas market.\r\n\r\nYou’ll find some of the best illuminations at the 368m Fernsehtur (TV Tower), Alexanderplatz Market, Opera Palace, National Opera and the famous Brandenburg Gate and Charlottenburg Palace.\r\n\r\nSearch and compare cheap flights to Germany. (credit:Flickr:ethanlindsey)
Disneyland, Los Angeles(10 of10)
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The happiest place on earth gets even merrier over the holiday season as Disneyland is transformed into an extravagant winter wonderland right in the heart of California.\r\n\r\nClassic rides such as It’s A Small World and the Haunted Mansion are given luminous festive makeovers, while Main Street is decked out in the all the best Christmas trimmings.\r\n\r\nHeralded by trumpeting toy soldiers, prancing reindeer, joyful gingerbread men and skating snowflakes, the Main Street Christmas Fantasy Parade sees all of Disney’s most popular characters dressed up in their holiday best.\r\n\r\nThe center piece of this magical display sees Sleeping Beauty’s Castle covered with snow-capped turrets, shimmering icicles and twinkling lights. Finally, everything is topped off by a dazzling pyrotechnics and fireworks spectacular.\r\n\r\nSearch and compare cheap flights to Los Angeles. (credit:Flickr:aaron_anderer)

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