トンボのメス、気に入らないオスを追っ払うために「死んだふり」 人間から共感の声も

「トンボだけじゃない」
Open Image Modal

ルリボシヤンマのオス。近くにいるメスは、多分死んだふりをする準備中だろう。

ある研究者がメスのトンボの生態を観察したところ、タイプではない男性と関わりたくない人間の女性がとりそうな行動をしていた。「擬死」だ。

チューリッヒ大学の博士課程の院生ラッシム・ケリファさんはトンボの研究をここ10年間続けている。ケリファさんはイギリスの科学雑誌「ニュー・サイエンティスト」にこう語った。「スイスのアルプス山脈でトンボの幼虫を採集していた時に、初めてこの現象を見かけました。オスがメスを追いかけていたら、メスの方が地面にぽろりと落ち、オスがいなくなるまで仰向けになって固まっていました」

この行動を見たのは初めてだったと、ニュー・サイエンティストに語った。しかし、擬死は珍しい現象ではないことが判明した。

ケリファさんの「オスからの性暴力を避けるための擬死 ――トンボにみられる、異性間の争いを防止するための究極の方法」というタイトルの研究論文が科学誌「エコロジー」に掲載された。ケリファさんが観察を続けたところ、31匹中27匹のメスのトンボが擬死を使ってオスを遠ざけようとしていた。さらにほとんどのケースで、死んだふりをするとうまく行ったようだ。

そこで疑問なのは、なぜトンボのメスはここまで必死になって、オスを遠ざけようとするのかということだ。ケリファさんがテクノロジーメディアサイト「ギズモード」に語ったところによると、メスにとって交尾は危険度が高く、一度交尾した後に別のオスと交尾すると、体内の精液が流れ落ちてしまうという。

「実をいうと、オスのペニスは高度な構造になっていて、メスの生殖器官から精液を押し出すように出来ているのです」と、ケリファさんは語った。「だから、1回の交尾だけで、卵全部を受精させるのには十分なんです。命の危険を伴うことを考えると、余計に交尾するメリットがありません」

人間の場合は事情が全く同じというわけではないが、これに刺激された女性が多数出ている。

男「ねえ、もしよかったら...」女「(遮って)無理、今死んじゃったから」

これ、バーでやったことある。

ヘッドホンを使うだけじゃもう不十分ね。

トンボだけじゃない。

自然はなんて素晴らしいんだ。

ハフポストUS版より翻訳・加筆しました。

▼「クールな昆虫画像集」が開きます

クールな昆虫画像集
(01 of32)
Open Image Modal
A blue damselfly (Platycnemis pennipes) rests on a reed at the edge of a small lake near Briesen, Germany, on May 13, 2012. Dragonflies are evidently amongst the oldest flying insects with around 5000 known species worldwide. Only 80 dragonfly species can be found in Germany. (PATRICK PLEUL/AFP/GettyImages) (credit:Getty Images)
Rust Flies Get Randy(02 of32)
Open Image Modal
Rust flies (Loxocera cylindrica).\n\n (credit:The Wild World Of Insect Sex (Alex Wild))
(03 of32)
Open Image Modal
In this Sept. 24, 2012 photo, Zack Lemann, animal and visitor programs manager of the Audubon Butterfly Garden Insectarium, shows a Northern mole cricket he found as he collects bugs for their exhibits in Des Allemands, La. Some of the bugs are raised to exhibit later at the insectarium, while others are shipped to museums. Much of an insectariums stock dies in a year or less, so the replenishment missions for local species are essential. (AP Photo/Kerry Maloney) (credit:AP)
Palmetto Tortoise Beetles Make Babies(04 of32)
Open Image Modal
Palmetto tortoise beetles (Hemisphaerota cyanea).\n\n (credit:The Wild World Of Insect Sex (Alex Wild))
(05 of32)
Open Image Modal
A grasshopper, a symbol of France\'s south-eastern area of Provence, is pictured on a tree on July 22, 2013 in Marseille. (BORIS HORVAT/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Rover Ants Do The Dirty(06 of32)
Open Image Modal
Rover ants (Brachymyrmex patagonicus). (credit:The Wild World Of Insect Sex (Alex Wild))
(07 of32)
Open Image Modal
A Coccinellidae, more commonly known as a ladybug or ladybird beetle, rests on the petals of a rose in Portland, Ore., Wednesday, May 26, 2010. The name \"ladybird\" originated in the Middle Ages when the insects were known as the \"beetle of Our Lady\". (AP Photo/Don Ryan) (credit:AP)
Fireflies Light Each Other's Fire(08 of32)
Open Image Modal
Fireflies (Photinus pyralis). (credit:The Wild World Of Insect Sex (Alex Wild))
Sand Wasps Seal The Deal(09 of32)
Open Image Modal
Philanthus sand wasps mating in California. (credit:The Wild World Of Insect Sex (Alex Wild))
Praying Mantis(10 of32)
Open Image Modal
(credit:Flickr:siamesepuppy)
Blue shiny bug(11 of32)
Open Image Modal
(credit:Flickr:Tambako the Jaguar)
Plague Soldier Beetles Procreate(12 of32)
Open Image Modal
A\"mating aggregation\" of plague soldier beetles (Chauliognathus lugubris). \n\n (credit:The Wild World Of Insect Sex (Alex Wild))
(13 of32)
Open Image Modal
A ladybug clings to the edge of a Stone Crop Sedum leaf on Tuesday morning June 25, 2013, in Salina, Kan. (AP Photo/Salina Journal, Tom Dorsey) (credit:AP)
Cecropia Moths Mess Around(14 of32)
Open Image Modal
Moths (Hyalophora cecropia) mating on the female\'s empty cocoon. \n (credit:The Wild World Of Insect Sex (Alex Wild))
(15 of32)
Open Image Modal
(credit:Flickr:USGS Bee Inventory and Monitoring)
Leaf-Cutter Ants Host An Orgy(16 of32)
Open Image Modal
A \"mating ball\" of leaf-cutter ants (Acromyrmex versicolor).\n (credit:The Wild World Of Insect Sex (Alex Wild))
Robber Fly (Mallophora)(17 of32)
Open Image Modal
(credit:Flickr:siamesepuppy)
Phlox Stem Borer Beetles Get It On(18 of32)
Open Image Modal
Phlox stem borer beetles (Oberea flavipes). (credit:The Wild World Of Insect Sex (Alex Wild))
Grasshopper(19 of32)
Open Image Modal
(credit:Flickr:Sandy__R)
Mantids Make Love(20 of32)
Open Image Modal
Chinese mantids (Tenodera sinensis). (Contrary to popular belief, the female does not always, or even often, consume the male during mating.)\n\n (credit:The Wild World Of Insect Sex (Alex Wild))
Mexican Bush Katydid Nymph(21 of32)
Open Image Modal
(credit:Flickr:siamesepuppy)
Lightning Bug(22 of32)
Open Image Modal
(credit:Flickr:Jo Naylor)
Weevil(23 of32)
Open Image Modal
(credit:Flickr:gailhampshire)
Larinus onopordi(24 of32)
Open Image Modal
(credit:Flickr:Sandy__R)
(25 of32)
Open Image Modal
(credit:Flickr:bruceruston)
(26 of32)
Open Image Modal
A dragonfly is pictured at a garden in Kathmandu on June 27, 2012. (PRAKASH MATHEMA/AFP/GettyImages) (credit:Getty Images)
(27 of32)
Open Image Modal
After emerging from winter hibernation, hundreds of ladybird beetles often called ladybugs cluster in the leaves under a shrub on the South Hill in Spokane, Wash. on Sunday, March 31, 2013. The ladybird beetle, Hippodamia convergens, is a gardeners best friend, eating perhaps its weight in aphids daily. Strict carnivores, they eat no leafy vegetation. (AP/The Spokesman-Review, Colin Mulvany) (credit:AP)
(28 of32)
Open Image Modal
A dragonfly rests in a garden in Belgrade, Serbia, Thursday, July 11, 2013. Weather forecasts predict sunny weather for the next few days in Serbia. (AP Photo/Darko Vojinovic) (credit:AP)
(29 of32)
Open Image Modal
A beetle sits on a wild daisy at \'Thurrock Thameside Nature Park\' on June 6, 2013 in Thurrock, England. The 120 acres of grass, bramble and shrub that make up \'Thurrock Thameside Nature Park\' sits on top of what was Europe\'s largest landfill site overlooking the Essex coastline in the Thames Estuary. Over the last 50 years six of London\'s borough\'s had been dumping their rubbish on the site, (originally a huge gravel pit), which in places is over 30 metres thick. The £2.5Million GBP restoration project run by Essex Wildlife Trust and the landfill company Cory Environmental worked to compact the rubbish before adding a thick layer of clay, known as a pie-crust, over the waste, before covering it in soil. The area which when finished will encompass 845 acres is run by the Essex Wildlife Trust and is home to an array of wildlife including, Shrill Carder Bee, Great Crested Newt, Brown Hare, Avocet, Short-eared Owl, Barn Owl and Kingfisher. (Photo by Dan Kitwood/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
(30 of32)
Open Image Modal
A bumblebee gathers pollen on a flower on July 13, 2013 in the suburbs of Paris. (JACQUES DEMARTHON/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
(31 of32)
Open Image Modal
Bees gather nectar from lavender flowers on July 22, 2013 in Marseille, southern France. (BORIS HORVAT/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
(32 of32)
Open Image Modal
In this Monday, Sept. 24, 2012 photo, a Coneheaded katydid bites on the finger of Zack Lemann, animal and visitor programs manager of the Audubon Butterfly Garden Insectarium, as he and other employees collect bugs for their exhibits in Des Allemands, La. Some of the bugs are raised to exhibit later at the insectarium, while others are shipped to museums. Much of an insectariums stock dies in a year or less, so the replenishment missions for local species are essential. (AP Photo/Kerry Maloney) (credit:AP)

(スライドショーが見られない方はこちらへ)

Open Image Modal

Open Image Modal

Open Image Modal