「民族が混ざりすぎると問題が起こる」ハンガリーのオルバン首相、移民流入に強硬反対

「世界中がグローバルな開かれた社会を望んでいない証拠だ」
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2017年2月28日、ハンガリーのブダペストで開かれたビジネスカンファレンスで演説するヴィクトル・オルバン首相。

ハンガリーのヴィクトル・オルバン首相は2月28日、首都ブダペストのハンガリー商工会議所での演説で「民族的同質性」が経済的な成功の鍵であり、「あまり混ざりすぎるといろいろな問題が生まれる」と語った。

この発言はオルバン氏の演説の一部だった。演説の中で、首相は国内の経済成長を促し、政府は移民の流入に反対だと繰り返した。

オルバン氏はエスノナショナリズム(共通の言語・文化・生活様式をもつエスニック[民族]集団が、自らの手で国家を建設しようとする考え)や反移民的な発言が多いが、28日日の発言はその中で最も過激だった。過去には移民をハンガリーの「」と呼び、難民危機のさなか「ヨーロッパにクリスチャンを保つ」必要性について語っている。

ハンガリーでは2月中旬からセルビアと接する南部の国境で移民を阻止するため、2カ所目となる有刺鉄線の国境フェンスの建設が始まった。これは2015年9月15日に建設されたフェンスを拡大させたものだ。

オルバン氏はかつて、ソ連崩壊後のヨーロッパでは自由主義の代弁者だったが、近年になって、亡命希望者の受け入れを非難したり、ロシアとの親密な関係を推進するなど、反EUの政策が多い。オルバン首相は2月2日、ロシアのウラジーミル・プーチン大統領との会談でエネルギーと貿易について協議した時、EUのロシアに対する制裁を批判した。

プーチン氏との会談から1週間後、オルバン氏は演説の中で「世界主義者」のメディア、EUの官僚主義を攻撃した。またイギリスのEU離脱やドナルド・トランプ大統領の選挙結果から、「世界中がグローバルな開かれた社会を望んでいない証拠だ」と主張した。

オルバン氏はまた、過去に称賛したトランプ大統領との会談を望んでいる。2人には反エリート主義で、既成の制度に抵抗するポピュリストという共通点が多くある。

演説の中でオルバン氏は国際機関が弱体化し、最終的にナショナリズムの力で権力が「民衆」に戻ってくると語った。28日の演説で、オルバン氏は「民族的の同質性を守る」という自分の発言を受け入れてもらうために、世の中の基準がシフトしてきていることを強調した。

「今だからこんなことが言えるが、昔だったら処刑されていたかもしれない。民族が混ざりすぎると問題が起こると、あらゆる世界で証明されている」と、オルバン氏は述べた。

ハフィントンポストUS版より翻訳・加筆しました。

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ハンガリーの難民危機
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