IS幹部の報道官がアレッポで死亡 「テロリズムをデジタルマーケティング戦略に変えた男」

ISの中でも最も高い地位にあった幹部の1人だったとみられる
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情報機関「サイト・ インテリジェンス・グループ」から提供されたアブ・モハメド・アドナニ容疑者の写った撮影時期不明の写真、過激派組織ISが火曜日に死亡を発表したIS報道官。

過激派組織IS (イスラム国)系のメディア「アマク通信」は8月30日、ISの報道官アブ・モハメド・アドナニ容疑者がシリア北部の都市アレッポで死亡したと報じた。

アドナニ容疑者はISの中でも最も高い地位にあった幹部の1人だったとみられる。彼は、広報責任者に加え、対外テロ作戦の責任者でもあった。

死亡の状況については明らかになっていないが、アマク通信は「アレッポに対する軍事行動を撃退するために展開していた作戦の視察中に殉教した」と伝えた。アドナニ容疑者の死亡を確認している外部機関は今のところない。

アドナニ容疑者はこれまでISの悪名高い声明を発表してきた。世界中のIS支持者に「単独」で攻撃を始めるように呼びかけるものや、2014年6月29日にイスラム国家樹立を宣言した「カリフ宣言」などがある。

アドナニ容疑者は報道官としてよく知られているが、イラクとシリア以外の場所でテロ攻撃を計画するキーパーソンでもあった。アドナニ容疑者は、ISの対外作戦を計画したトップとして広く報告され、フランス対外治安総局も確認している。2015年11月13日のパリ同時多発テロ事件の主犯は、シリアでアドナニ容疑者と共に活動していたという。

IS報道官の死亡は、2014年にISがシリアとイラクの領土を略奪して以来、指導者層に最も大きな影響を与えることになりそうだ。アメリカの国務省は2014年アドナニ容疑者を国際テロリストに指定した。5月には、アメリカはアドナニ容疑者に関する有力な情報に最高500万ドル(5億1500万円)の賞金をかけた。

アドナニ容疑者は1977年にシリアのイドリブで生まれた。2003年のイラク戦争で、早い時期からイラクに入国した外国人戦闘員のひとりだとされる。2016年1月にはイラク統合作戦司令部が、イラク西部への空爆でアドナニ容疑者を負傷させたと発表した

ISは2016年になって、領土の多くと上級幹部の何人かを失っている。7月には戦闘部隊指揮官オマール・アル=シシャニ容疑者の死亡をISが公式に認めた。8月に入り、ISのアフガニスタン支部の幹部が空爆で死亡したとアメリカ国防総省が発表した

「アドナニ容疑者はISで最重要人物だった」と、ジョージワシントン大学でメディアや広報を研究するジェビアー・レサカ氏はハフポストUS版に語った。

レサカ氏はアドナニ容疑者とISのコミュニケーション戦略について調査してきた。レサカ氏によると、アドナニ容疑者がISの強力なプロパガンダ戦略の責任者で、何万人もの外国人戦闘員をISに引き込む役割を果たしたという。

「彼はテロリズムにおける戦略コミュニケーションの重要性を理解していました」と、レサカ氏は述べた。「アドナニ容疑者はテロリズムをデジタルマーケティング戦略に変えたのです」

ハフポストUS版より翻訳・加筆しました。

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In this Saturday, Feb. 14, 2015 photo, family relative of abducted Coptic Christian Samuel Walham, one of 21 Coptic Egyptian men seized by Islamic State militants in the central city of Sirte, Libya more than a month ago, covers her face as she weeps at their home in the village of el-Aour, near Minya, 220 kilometers (135 miles) south of Cairo, Egypt. A video purporting to show the mass beheading of Coptic Christian hostages was released Sunday, Feb. 15, 2015, by militants in Libya affiliated with the Islamic State group. (AP Photo/Hassan Ammar) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
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In this Saturday, Feb. 14, 2015 photo, family relatives of abducted Coptic Christian Samuel Walham, one of 21 Coptic Egyptian men seized by Islamic State militants in the central city of Sirte, Libya more than a month ago, weep outside their home in the village of el-Aour, near Minya, 220 kilometers (135 miles) south of Cairo, Egypt. A video purporting to show the mass beheading of Coptic Christian hostages was released Sunday, Feb. 15, 2015, by militants in Libya affiliated with the Islamic State group. (AP Photo/Hassan Ammar) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
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In this Saturday, Feb. 14, 2015 photo, family relatives of abducted Coptic Christian Samuel Walham, one of 21 Coptic Egyptian men seized by Islamic State militants in the central city of Sirte, Libya, more than a month ago, weep outside their home in the village of el-Aour, near Minya, 220 kilometers (135 miles) south of Cairo, Egypt. A video purporting to show the mass beheading of Coptic Christian hostages was released Sunday, Feb. 15, 2015, by militants in Libya affiliated with the Islamic State group. (AP Photo/Hassan Ammar) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
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An Iraqi woman reacts as she looks at her destroyed home after returning on February 14, 2015 to the village of Al-Mansuriya, 65 kilometres north-east of Diyala province, north of Baghdad, from which she and thousands of others were displaced due to fighting between government forces and militants from the Islamic State (IS) group. Iraqi government forces and allied militia retook Al-Mansuriya from the IS group\'s control on February 2, 2015. AFP PHOTO / YOUNIS AL-BAYATI (Photo credit should read YOUNIS AL-BAYATI/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:YOUNIS AL-BAYATI via Getty Images)
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RALEIGH, USA - February 12: People pray at the beginning of a vigil for Deah Shaddy Barakat, his wife Yusor Abu-Salha, and her sister Razan Abu-Salha on the campus of North Carolina State University in Raleigh, USA on February 12, 2015. Muslim students Deah Barakat, 23, his wife Yusor Mohammad Abu-Salha, 21, and her sister Razan Mohammad Abu-Salha, 19, were shot dead at their home on Tuesday in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. (Photo by Samuel Corum/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
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RALEIGH, USA - February 12: Friends comfort each other at a vigil for Deah Shaddy Barakat, his wife Yusor Abu-Salha, and her sister Razan Abu-Salha on the campus of North Carolina State University in Raleigh, USA on February 12, 2015. Muslim students Deah Barakat, 23, his wife Yusor Mohammad Abu-Salha, 21, and her sister Razan Mohammad Abu-Salha, 19, were shot dead at their home on Tuesday in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. (Photo by Samuel Corum/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
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Children sit in a makeshift classroom after its opening at a camp that hosts Shiite Turkmen displaced families who fled violence in the northern city of Tal Afar due to attacks by Islamic State (IS) jihadists, on February 12, 2015, in Yeryawah, 25 km west of the northern Iraqi city of Kirkuk. Iraq\'s Turkmen minority, of Turkic ethnicity, is one of the country\'s largest and lives exclusively in the north. It is mostly Sunni Muslim but its Shiite component has been systematically targeted by jihadists over the past months. AFP PHOTO / MARWAN IBRAHIM (Photo credit should read MARWAN IBRAHIM/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:MARWAN IBRAHIM via Getty Images)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - FEBRUARY 12: A Group of Syrian Kurds, has been sheltering in Turkey as a result of ongoing clashes between Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) terrorists and Kurdish armed groups, return to their hometown Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) by the guidance of Turkish officials after ISIL leaves, in Sanliurfa, Turkey on February 12, 2015. (Photo by Halil Fidan/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
A group of Syrian refugees return to their hometowns Kobani from Turkey(62 of62)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - FEBRUARY 12: A Group of Syrian Kurds, has been sheltering in Turkey as a result of ongoing clashes between Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) terrorists and Kurdish armed groups, return to their hometown Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) by the guidance of Turkish officials after ISIL leaves, in Sanliurfa, Turkey on February 12, 2015. (Photo by Halil Fidan/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)

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