drante
富裕層は、さらに富をたくわえている。そして来年2016年には、最富裕層の1％だけで、世界の富の半分以上を手にすることになりそうだ。
富裕層が持つ資産の割合は、2009年には44％だったが、このままのペースが続けば、来年までに、富裕層が世界にある資産の50％以上を手にすることになるという。なお、「1％」に当たる富裕層の平均資産は1人あたり270万ドル（約3億1600万円）。一方で人口の80％に当たる層の平均資産は1人当たり3851ドル（約45万円）だ。
さらに報告書は、この傾向が続けば、2016年には最富裕層「1％」の資産総額は、残りの「99％」の資産総額を上回ると指摘している。
数字をさらに掘り下げてみよう。世界で最も裕福な80人の資産額は、合わせて1兆9000億ドルになる。これは、下位半数にあたる35億人の資産総額とほぼ同じだ（ちなみに中国の2012年度歳入額は1兆8300億ドル）。
この裕福な80人のうち35人はアメリカ人で、彼らの資産総額は9410億ドル。その次に人数が多いのははドイツとロシアで、巨万の富を擁する資産家をそれぞれ7人ずつ擁している。
性別に関していえば、最も裕福な80人のうち70人が男性である。そして80人の中には単に多額の資産を相続しただけという人も11人含まれている。
80人の多くは、金融、医療、保険、小売り、テクノロジー、ならびに石油やガスなどの資源採掘といった業界の大物たちであり、自らの富を維持・拡大するために、多額のお金を積んでロビイストを雇っている。
そういった参加者は、ダボスまでプライベートジェットを飛ばし、5つ星ホテルに滞在し、超一流の料理を楽しみながら、金融市場や経済動向について会話を交わす。
その一方で、10億を超える人々が、1日1ドル25セント未満での生活を続けている、とオックスファムは指摘している。オックスファムはダボス会議に出席する裕福な人々や影響力の高い人々に対し、深まる一方の格差に対処するよう強く働きかけていく予定だという。
文末のスライドショーでは「貧富の差が最も激しいアメリカの都市ランキング」を紹介している。
この記事はハフポストUS版に掲載されたものを翻訳しました。
[日本語版：遠藤康子、合原弘子/ガリレオ]
貧富の差が最も激しいアメリカの都市ランキング
第10位：テキサス州のMcAllen-Edinburg-Mission地区(01 of10)
> Gini Index: 0.4977\n> Median income: $33,761\n> Poverty rate: 34.5%\n> Pct. with income over $200,000: 1.8%\n\nThe McAllen metro area was one of the nation’s poorest last year, with a median household income of just $33,761. Additionally, nearly 35% of the population lived below the poverty line, trailing only the Brownsville metro area, while 36.8% of the population lacked health care. This exceeded every other metro area in the United States. Last year, McAllen’s wealthiest 20% of households accounted for 52.6% of all income. For most occupations, wages in McAllen were significantly lower than their nationwide averages. The area has strong economic and cultural connections with the Mexican city of Reynosa, where drug violence has been a major problem.\n\nRead more at 24/7 Wall St. (credit:WikiMedia:)
第9位：テキサス州のBrownsville-Harlingen地区(02 of10)
> Gini Index: 0.4980\n> Median income: $30,953\n> Poverty rate: 36.1%\n> Pct. with income over $200,000: 1.8%\n\nLast year, 12.6% of Brownsville area households had an income of less than $10,000, the highest percentage in the nation. Brownsville also had the nation’s highest poverty rate, at 36.1%, and the lowest median household income, at just $30,953. Brownsville is one of the largest metro areas on the border between Texas and Mexico, with more than 415,000 residents as of last year. Across the border from Brownsville is Matamoros, which has close economic ties to its Texan neighbors. Drug violence remains problematic in Matamoros, and recent economic data for the country has been mixed.\n\nRead more at 24/7 Wall St. (credit:WikiMedia:)
第8位：フロリダ州のMiami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach地区(03 of10)
> Gini Index: 0.5021\n> Median income: $46,648\n> Poverty rate: 17.5%\n> Pct. with income over $200,000: 6.2%\n\nThe percentage of people living below the poverty level in the Miami-Fort Lauderdale area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the country, was slightly above the national rate, at 17.5%. But the region’s urban areas are significantly poorer — the urban poverty rate in 2012 was 28.3%, compared to 16.3% in suburban areas. Income in Miami was greatly concentrated among the top-earning households last year, with the top 5% of households accounting for more than a quarter all income. According to a study conducted by a University of Central Florida economist, average annual wages in the region are expected to increase over the next few years, which could help curb income inequality.\n\nRead more at 24/7 Wall St. (credit:WikiMedia:)
第7位：ルイジアナ州ラフェイエット(04 of10)
> Gini Index: 0.5035\n> Median income: $46,813\n> Poverty rate: 17.9%\n> Pct. with income over $200,000: 6.1%\n\nThe Lafayette area has a higher proportion of residents both among the top earners and the very poor, although not to the same extremes that some of the other metro areas with high inequality have. The region’s poverty rate in 2012 was 17.9%, slightly higher than the national rate of 15.9%. An estimated 6.1% of households brought in $200,000 or more, just barely higher than the national rate of 5.9%. However, the top 20% of all households in the Lafayette area took home more than 53% of all area income for 2012, while the bottom 20% of households had just a 3% share of area income.\n\nRead more at 24/7 Wall St. (credit:WikiMedia:)
第6位：ミシシッピ州ジャクソン(05 of10)
> Gini Index: 0.5039\n> Median income: $42,604\n> Poverty rate: 22.2%\n> Pct. with income over $200,000: 4.8%\n\nMore than 22% of the Jackson area population lived below the poverty line, among the higher rates for metro areas. However, poverty remains especially problematic within the city proper, where 32.5% of the population lived below the poverty line. This was well above the 17.4% poverty rate for the area’s suburbs. Nearly 7% of Jackson households earned less than $10,000 annually, versus 5% nationally. Wealth in Jackson is overwhelmingly concentrated among the wealthiest households in the area. The top 20% of households accounted for nearly 54% of all income, while almost one-quarter of all income in the area went to the top 5%.\n\nRead more at 24/7 Wall St. (credit:WikiMedia:)
第5位：ニューヨーク、ニュージャージー北部、ロングアイランド地区(06 of10)
> Gini Index: 0.5049\n> Median income: $63,982\n> Poverty rate: 14.8%\n> Pct. with income over $200,000: 11.3%\n\nMore than 19 million people reside in the New York metro area. The area is also home to many of the nation’s wealthiest individuals, living in and around the city. Last year, over 11% of household incomes exceeded $200,000, nearly double the national rate. However, the lower 60% of households by income accounted for less than a quarter of the area’s annual total, and together earned less than the top 5% of households. Even within New York City, there were large disparities. While the poverty rate in Manhattan was roughly 18% last year, 31% of all residents in the Bronx lived below the poverty line. The Bronx’s median household income was $32,460, while in Manhattan, it was more than $67,000.\n\nRead more at 24/7 Wall St. (credit:AP)
第4位：ジョージア州オールバニ(07 of10)
> Gini Index: 0.5311\n> Median income: $34,469\n> Poverty rate: 26.9%\n> Pct. with income over $200,000: 3.6%\n\nMore than 12% of households in the Albany area had less than $10,000 in total income in 2012, more than all but one other metro area in the United States. Additionally, nearly 27% of the area’s population lived below the poverty line as of last year, among the worst poverty rates in the nation. Crime also has been problematic as the area’s economy has struggled. Overall, the area’s wealthiest 5% of households accounted for 27% of all income in 2012, more than all but three other metropolitan areas. Earlier in the year, the area received a boost from the increased demand from China for Georgia peanuts.\n\nRead more at 24/7 Wall St. (credit:WikiMedia:)
第3位：フロリダ州のNaples-Marco Island地区(08 of10)
> Gini Index: 0.5343\n> Median income: $54,126\n> Poverty rate: 13.8%\n> Pct. with income over $200,000: 9.6%\n\nBecause of its gulfside location, the Naples metropolitan area includes several large and wealthy retirement communities and beach resorts. As of 2012, an estimated 7% of all properties in the area were worth at least $1 million, compared to just 2% of all homes nationwide. The region’s housing market has recovered, which according to The Naples Daily News has resulted in many low-income residents being priced out of the area. As of 2012, the richest 5% of the metro area bring in an estimated 30.8% of the area’s total income, compared to just 22.43% nationally. The bottom 40% of earners account for just 10.6% of income.\n\nRead more at 24/7 Wall St. (credit:WikiMedia:)
第2位：コネティカット州のBridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk地区(09 of10)
> Gini Index: 0.5459\n> Median income: $79,841\n> Poverty rate: 8.9%\n> Pct. with income over $200,000: 21.8%\n\nThe Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk metropolitan area, which comprises all of Fairfield County, is home to some of the wealthiest corporations and individuals in the country. An estimated 12.7% of homes in the area are worth at least of $1 million, compared to just 2% of all homes nationwide. More than 20% of all households earn $200,000 or more. The top 5% of earners bring in nearly 30% of the region’s income, and the top 20% of earners bring in roughly 58%. With all the area’s wealth, there are still some pockets of severe poverty. For example, the city of Bridgeport is one of the poorest cities in the nation. More than one in four of its residents lived in poverty last year, including nearly 38% of the population under age 18.\n\nRead more at 24/7 Wall St. (credit:Getty Images)
第1位：フロリダ州のSebastian-Vero Beach地区(10 of10)
> Gini Index: 0.5610\n> Median income: $40,413\n> Poverty rate: 17.2%\n> Pct. with income over $200,000: 7.1%\n\nWhile 7.1% of households earned more than $200,000 last year, among the higher rates in the nation, no metro area had a greater degree of income inequality than the Sebastian-Vero Beach metro area. In 2012, 33.8% of all household income earned belonged to the wealthiest 5% of households, a higher percentage than any other metro area in the United States. At the same time, the median household income in the area was just over $40,000, versus slightly more than $51,000 nationwide. Further, more than 19% of residents do not have health insurance, well above the national rate of 14.8%.\n\nRead more at 24/7 Wall St. (credit:WikiMedia:)
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