Apple Watchで採用された「サファイアガラス」とは アップルは独占供給に設備投資、他メーカーも続々

Appe Watchで採用されたサファイアガラスが、徐々にモバイル端末に浸透しつつある。
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The Apple Watch is displayed after a product announcement at Flint Center in Cupertino, California, U.S., on Tuesday, Sept. 9, 2014. Apple Inc. unveiled redesigned iPhones with bigger screens, overhauling its top-selling product in an event that gives the clearest sign yet of the company's product direction under Chief Executive Officer Tim Cook. Photographer: David Paul Morris/Bloomberg via Getty Images
Bloomberg via Getty Images

米アップル

アップルは昨年11月、米国に拠点を置きサファイア結晶を手掛けるGTアドバンスト・テクノロジーズ

アップルは同社初のスマートウォッチにサファイアガラスを採用すると発表。アイフォーンのカメラ用レンズとアプリの切り替えなどに使うホームボタンにも引き続きサファイアガラスを使用するが、アイフォーンの画面については採用の是非や時期について一切ヒントを与えなかった。

中国の華為技術(ファーウェイ)[HWT.UL]は先週、大手携帯電話メーカーで初めてサファイアガラスの画面カバーを採用すると発表し、高級機種の限定版として発売することを明らかにした。

サファイアグラスは自然界ではダイヤモンドに次いで固い素材。LED照明や高級宝飾品、潜水艦の窓などの軍用装備品に利用される。

中古携帯電話の買取サイト、ユーセル・ドット・コムの最近の調査によると、アイフォーン6に最も期待する機能は、他の画面保護材に比べて繊細なタッチに対応するサファイアガラスだった。

JPモルガンは、サファイアガラスのスマホ画面への採用は当初は少ないものの、来年に何度かにわたり増えるとみている。

アジアの端末メーカーの一部は、サファイアガラス原料供給の大手2社である米ルビコン・テクノロジー

ルビコンのウィリアム・ワイズマン最高財務責任者(CFO)は「すべてのスマホメーカーはルビコンを含む主要なサファイアガラス生産会社と面会している」と話した。

サファイア・テクノロジーは複数の端末メーカーから問い合わせを受けていることを認めたが、企業名は明らかにしなかった。

ルビコンやサファイア・テクノロジーなどの企業は通常、ガラスの大半を基板に薄切りして研磨する加工業者に販売している。

アップルはGTアドバンストからサファイアガラスの独占供給を受ける契約を受けるとともに、アリゾナ州のサファイアガラス製造設備に5億7800万ドルの投資を行う契約を確定させた。

<ゴリラガラスより高価>

多くのアナリストは、サファイアガラスの価格の高さとスマホ用の形成が困難なことに起因する欠陥率の大きさを理由に、当初は高級製品への利用に限定されると予想していいる。

アナリストによると、サファイアガラスカバーの完成品は40━45ドルだが、大半のスマホ画面に利用されているゴリラガラスは10ドル未満だ。

韓国のエレクトロニック・タイムズの報道によると、中国の新興スマホメーカー、小米科技(シャオミ)もサファイアガラスの画面カバーを限定版向けに発注した。

また中国の通信機器大手、中興通訊(ZTE)

ZTEのモバイルビジネスグループでグローバルマーケティングディレクターを務めるQianhao Lv氏は「サファイアガラスの供給網は複雑で量も多くない上、生産能力も不十分なため、大規模な利用は適切ではないと考えている」と話した。

韓国LG電子

サムスン電子

サファイアガラス業界は、LED照明向け需要が低迷したことから、長年にわたり利益率や価格の低下に悪戦苦闘してきた。

サファイア結晶はブールと呼ばれる筒状容器に入れた精製アルミ酸化物に高温を加えて製造する。その後は基盤に切断し、研磨工程を経て製品に形成される。

台湾の加工会社テラクリスタルのCFOHsu Ya-ling氏は「コスト高の大きな原因は、サファイアガラスの利用が始まったばかりで無欠陥率が安定していないからだ。しかし、最近は業者がこの問題解決に多くの努力を傾けている」と話した。[ソウル/台北 10日 ロイター]

(Se Young Lee and Michael Gold記者)

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