チュニジア襲撃、軍事専門誌が「テロリスクが急拡大」と警告していた

チュニジア政府による各都市での武装組織の摘発と解体によって、イスラム厳格派のサラフィスト・グループが反発し、テロリスクが急激に高まっている、との指摘が海外の専門家の間ではあった。
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Rescue workers pull an empty stretcher after gunmen opened fire at the Bardo museum in Tunisia's capital, Wednesday, March 18, 2015 in Tunis. Authorities say scores of people are dead after an attack on a major museum in the Tunisian capital, and some of the gunmen may have escaped. (AP Photo/Ali Ben Salah)
ASSOCIATED PRESS

日本人観光客3人を含む19人が犠牲となったチュニジアの首都チュニスでの博物館襲撃事件。この無差別殺傷テロは、エジプトのルクソールで1997年にイスラム原理主義過激派グループが日本人10人を含む外国人観光客ら63人を殺害した事件を彷佛(ほうふつ)させるものとなった。同じ外国人観光客を狙ったテロ。チュニジアのテロリスクや国内情勢はいったいどうなっていたのか。

今回の襲撃犯の素性や所属組織については定かになっていないが、海外の専門家の間では、チュニジア国内では急速にテロリスクが高まっている、との見方もあった。国際軍事専門誌IHSジェーンズ・ディフェンス・ウィークリーは2月25日付の分析記事で、チュニジア政府による各都市での武装組織の摘発と解体によって、イスラム厳格派のサラフィスト・グループが反発して先鋭化、そしてテロリスクが急速に高まっている、と指摘していた。

記事によると、チュニジア内務省は2月24日、対テロ作戦を実施し、約100人のイスラム武装組織メンバーを拘束した、と発表した。拘束理由としては、チュニスやナブルなどの国内主要都市の政府機関や治安部隊の建物などへの攻撃を企んでいたことを挙げた。

チュニジアの地元メディアによると、こうした武装集団は、アトラス山脈の最東端にあるジェベル・シャンビ(シャンビ山)に拠点を置くKatibat Uqba Ibn Nafaaといったジハード組織とのつながりは無く、大多数がサラフィストの武装集団のメンバーという。

2月初旬に発足したばかりの新政権は、世俗主義の党のニダー・トゥーネス(チュニジアの呼びかけ)が率い、非宗教的な連立政権となっている。

25日付のIHSジェーンズの記事では「新たな非宗教的な政府は今後何カ月も、サラフィストの布教活動や宗教活動を規制する見通しだ。そして、これは、政府と治安機関を攻撃するという強い意図と高い能力を持った、小さな集団や武装集団の急速な先鋭化と台頭を助長する力になる」と指摘、政府機関や政治家への襲撃事件のリスクの高まりを明らかにしていた。

さらに、「アルコールを販売する文化施設やバー、西洋風レストランやホテルといった『非イスラム』とみなされる観光施設と観光の標的が、簡易爆弾や放火といった攻撃の高いリスクに見舞われる公算がある。それはとりわけ主にチュニスやスーサ、モナスティルといった都市でだ。リビアやシリア、イラクからジハード戦士が帰還することによって、より大型の簡易爆弾が政府庁舎や交通拠点に設置されるリスクが急激に高まるだろう」と述べていた。

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