なぜ中国は「抗日戦争勝利70周年」を盛大に祝うのか

なぜ中国が「抗日戦争勝利70周年」を盛大なパレードで祝うのか、5つのポイントをまとめた。

中国は9月3日に、1945年の日本の敗戦70年を祝う大規模なパレードを行う。

この抗日戦争勝利のパレードは、習近平国家主席が2012年に就任してから最大の政治イベントであり、すべての中国国民と世界中の政治アナリストが注目している。

なぜ中国が日本の降伏70周年を盛大なパレードで祝うのか、5つのポイントをまとめた。

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1.どんなパレード?

会場となる天安門広場に集まる軍隊の数は12,000、軍装備品は500にものぼる。また、200あまりの戦闘機が色煙で上空をカラフルに彩る。

日本と戦った退役軍人も100人以上参加する。平均年齢は90歳で、最高齢は102歳だ。習近平国家主席はこのパレードの指揮をとり、世界中から訪れる外交関係者を歓迎する。

2. どれぐらい重要なパレードなのか?

この壮大な政治的演出は、中国にとって大きな象徴的価値がある。そのため中国政府は、このパレードが完璧に行われるように、最善を尽くしている。

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パレードを完璧にするため、中国政府はサルを訓練して、鳥の巣を壊した。鳥が飛行機のエンジンに巻き込まれるバードストライクを避けるためだ。

上空の空気をきれいにするため、政府は数千の工場を営業停止にし、北京の交通量を半分に制限した。またバードストライクを避けるため、サルを訓練して鳥の巣を壊した。パレードの間飲食店は閉店しなければならず、北京の住民は家の中に留まるよう要請されている。パレードを覗き見することも禁止だ。

3.なぜ日本の降伏は中国にとって今でも大きな意味をもつのか?

日本の非人道的な占領は、中国に深い傷を残し、地政学的な緊張の根底になっている。

抗日闘争は、中国共産党草創期の根幹をなす部分だ。共産党は自分自身を、日本によって破滅寸前まで追い込まれた偉大な文明国家を、解放してよみがえらせた救世主だと位置づけているのだ。

習近平国家主席はこのシナリオを十分に活用し、「中国の大復興」といったスローガンを掲げ、「チャイニーズドリーム」を唱えている。

今回のパレードは、この共産党の歴史物語の集大成となる。

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パレードで中国の軍事力を国際社会に強調し、日本や同盟国のアメリカを牽制することも目的だろう。中国は日本やそれ以外のアジア諸国との間に領土問題を抱えているが、パレードで現在の自国の軍事力を印象づけ、日本への軍事的優位をアピールできる。

4.参加するのは?

中国は世界中のリーダーを招待したが、オバマ大統領は参加を見送った(代わりにマックス・ボーカス中国大使が参加する)。また、ヨーロッパのリーダーたちは、ほとんどが参加しない。

参加するのは、ロシアのプーチン大統領、韓国の朴槿恵大統領の他、ベネズエラのマデゥロ大統領、スーダンのオマル・アルバシール大統領などだ。

出席者は、習近平国家主席が期待していたより多くはないが、彼にとってそれは大きな問題ではないだろう。一番重要な観客は、テレビでパレードを見る数億人の中国国民だからだ。

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5. パレードの何に注目すべきか?

軍事オタクであれば、新しい中国製兵器を眺めるのもいいかもしれない。中国当局者によれば、84%の兵器は今まで公開されていないものだという。しかし、一般の観客は、この壮大な政治ショーをのんびり見るくらいでいいだろう。

この記事はハフポストUS版に掲載されたものを翻訳しました。

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BEIJING, CHINA - AUGUST 14: Workers assemble temporary seating in front of a giant portrait of the late chairman Mao Zedong at Tiananmen Square on August 14, 2015 in Beijing, China. The Chinese government decided in September 3, 2015 to commemorate the Chinese People\'s Anti-Japanese War to carry out and the World Anti-Fascist War 70th anniversary of the victory celebration. (Photo by Lintao Zhang/Getty Images) (credit:Lintao Zhang via Getty Images)
Beijing Prepares For The Military Parade(41 of41)
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BEIJING, CHINA - AUGUST 14: Workers assemble temporary seating in front of a giant portrait of the late chairman Mao Zedong at Tiananmen Square on August 14, 2015 in Beijing, China. The Chinese government decided in September 3, 2015 to commemorate the Chinese People\'s Anti-Japanese War to carry out and the World Anti-Fascist War 70th anniversary of the victory celebration. (Photo by Lintao Zhang/Getty Images) (credit:Lintao Zhang via Getty Images)

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