ベッツィ・デボス教育長官、1票差で承認 史上初めて副大統領が投票

副大統領の票で均衡が破られ、閣僚が承認されたのは、史上初となる。
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アメリカ上院議会は2月7日の本会議で、富豪で教育関係の慈善活動家のベッツィ・デボス氏を教育長官に指名する人事を承認した。

デボス氏は教育制度改革の推進者である一方、公立学校教育への関心が薄いという批判があり、保護者や教育関係者の間で教育長官起用に反対する声が根強い。

承認をめぐる議会採決では賛否が同数となり、上院議長を兼任するマイク・ペンス副大統領が票を投じ、承認を決定した。閣僚の指名が副大統領の議長決裁票で承認されたのは史上初めて。

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マイク・ペンス副大統領(左)とベッツィ・デボス氏(右)

デボス氏の上院での採決は民主党議員48人全員と共和党議員2人が反対票を投じ、50対50と拮抗した。投票の前には、民主党が一日中議場を占拠する議事妨害をして、共和党議員に反対票を投じるよう要請していた。

民主党議員は、失敗している現状を維持するために抗議している。ベッツィ・デボスは改革者で、子供たちのために偉大な教育長官になるだろう!

共和党のリサ・ムルコウスキ上院議員(アラスカ州)とスーザン・コリンズ上院議員(メイン州)が先週、デボス氏に反対票を投じると宣言したあと、他の共和党上院議員たちも同様に反対するよう、保護者や教育関係者から強い圧力を受けた。全国的にも抗議が起きており、デボス氏が教育長官としての資質を欠いていると批判している

ムルコウスキ氏とコリンズ氏が反対に回ったものの、共和党議員は党の方針に従い、閣僚の指名承認投票では珍しい、政治的な閉塞状態が生み出されている。

ミシガン州の億万長者であるデボス氏は、2016年11月23日にトランプ氏から指名されたあと、教職員組合と公教育支援団体からの反発を受けた。デボス氏は指名承認の公聴会でも、「学校はハイイログマの攻撃を防ぐために銃を必要とする」と発言したり、主流の教育方針や法律に精通していないことが明らかになったりして、反対の声はより大きくなった。

この1週間、上院議員たちは有権者から批判の声を浴びたが、その多くがデボス氏に関する意見だった。市民団体「クレド・アクション」はデボス氏起用に反対する嘆願書に140万人以上の署名を集めた。クレド・アクションからの嘆願書のほとんどは、これまで議会で受理されている。

デボス氏の支持者は、彼女とイデオロギー的に対立する教職員組合が、彼女の承認への反対を煽っていたという。しかし、教職員組合のトップも、デボス氏への反対が拡大していったことに驚かされたという。

私は昨年の時点で、デボス氏の承認は大混乱を起こすことになると警告していました。教職員組合だけでなく事情に詳しい父兄たちが反対することになると。

デボス氏はジェブ・ブッシュ前フロリダ州知事や、健康教育労働年金委員長のラマー・アレクサンダー上院議員といった有力な共和党首脳の支持を得ていた。さらに教育問題に取り組むことで知られる民主党首脳からも推薦を得ていた。しかし民主党は、デボス氏への支持は買収された可能性があると指摘している。彼女の家族は以前から議員に多額の献金をしている。

しかしデボス氏支持者によると、教職員組合も政治家に献金しているのだから、民主党の言い分は偽善だとなる。

デボス氏は何十年も慈善活動家として教育問題に取り組んでおり、低学力をはじめとする様々な子どもの教育問題に取組むため、親や教員、地域団体などが、州や学区の認可(チャーター)を受けて設ける初等中等学校「チャーター・スクール」や、在籍生徒数に生徒一人当たり支払額を乗じた額を公立学校、私立学校ともに同一方式で配分するバウチャー・プログラムを推進する政策実現を訴えてきた。

これが実現すれば子供たちは税金で私立学校に通えるようになる。デボス氏と支持者によると、本人は制度を改革し子供がどこの学校に通うか決めるときの選択肢を増やすのに意欲的に取り組むという。デボス氏の最も熱心な支持者の1人であるアレクサンダー議員は、7日の上院本会議で演説した際にこの点を強調した。アレクサンダー議員は、デボス氏がチャーター・スクールに公的資金を投じる「ここ30年間で最も重要な公立学校改革」の最前線で活躍しており、さらに「低所得者層の子供たちが裕福な家庭の子供と同じような選択肢を得られるよう精力的に活動」してきていると述べた。

それでも彼女に対する批判者たちは、彼女が優先する政策は伝統的な公教育制度の解体につながると言う。

「この数週間で、ベッツィ・デボス氏の不明瞭な財務状況や潜在的な利益相反について明るみになりました。彼女や彼女の家族は、共和党と極めて保守的な団体に何億ドルも寄付しています。またこれまでの彼女の失策についても、人々の知るところとなっています」と、民主党のパティー・マレー上院議員は議会で演説した。「彼女は自らのキャリアと相続した莫大な財産によって反公立学校政策を推進し、自宅のあるミシガン州や全国の多くの生徒たちに、不利益をもたらしているのです」

デボス氏自身も公立学校には通わず、子供たちも公立には通わせず、今まで公立学校で正式に働いた経験は皆無だ。彼女が敬虔なキリスト教徒のため、学校で宗教を推進するのではないかという懸念もある。しかし、彼女を批判する人たちの一部も、彼女は子供たちのことは深く気遣っているようだ、と認めている。

他のトランプ大統領による指名候補たちとは対照的に、デボス氏は有名人がSNSで指名に反対するなど、とりわけ反発の標的となった。

ベッツィ・デボスは、学生ローンの問題や学内の性的暴行に対処する計画がまったくないし、基本的な教育方針も理解していません。上院議員に電話してください。

もしみなさんが子供たちのことを心配しているなら、電話しましょう。

NEA(アメリカ教育協会)からの新着情報です

今がベッツィ・デボスに反対する絶好のチャンスです。タッド・コクラン上院議員(ミシシッピ州)とジョン・バラッソ上院議員(ワイオミング州)に電話してください!最後の投票はだぶん火曜の朝です。以下の電話番号をコピー&ペーストしてください!

ご参考までに、これは絶好のチャンスです。今こそデボスを止めなければなりません。以下を読んでください。

投票後、反対派は上院がデボスを承認したことを非難した。

「全国のアメリカ国民は党派を超えて、学生と公教育のため、トランプ氏とデボス氏の政策方針を非難していました」と、アメリカ教育協会(NEA)代表のリリー・エスケルセン・ガルシア氏は声明で述べた。「今日の結果は、今後の抗議活動の始まりにすぎません。学生、教育者、親、人権と特別教育の擁護者たちは、何百万人ものアメリカ国民とともに、はっきりと述べています。『私たちの抗議活動はすでに根を下ろしている。私たちは公教育を守るつもりだ』」

デボス氏は投票後、Twitterを通して上院に感謝を示した。

私は上院の不断の努力に感謝します。そしてアメリカ政府の長官として働けることを誇りに思います。全てのアメリカの学生のために、選択肢と成果を改善していきましょう。

ハフィントンポストUS版より翻訳・加筆しました。

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トランプ大統領の大統領令に抗議する全米のデモ
Demonstrators Protest Muslim Travel Ban In New York City(01 of38)
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NEW YORK, NY - JANUARY 29: Protesters are seen during a rally to protest the executive order that President Donald Trump signed clamping down on refugee admissions and temporarily restricting travelers from seven predominantly Muslim countries in New York City on January 29, 2017 in New York City. (Photo by Noam Galai/WireImage) (credit:Noam Galai via Getty Images)
Demonstrators Protest Muslim Travel Ban In New York City(02 of38)
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NEW YORK, NY - JANUARY 29: Protesters are seen during a rally to protest the executive order that President Donald Trump signed clamping down on refugee admissions and temporarily restricting travelers from seven predominantly Muslim countries in New York City on January 29, 2017 in New York City. (Photo by Noam Galai/WireImage) (credit:Noam Galai via Getty Images)
Demonstrators Protest Muslim Travel Ban In New York City(03 of38)
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NEW YORK, NY - JANUARY 29: Protesters are seen during a rally to protest the executive order that President Donald Trump signed clamping down on refugee admissions and temporarily restricting travelers from seven predominantly Muslim countries in New York City on January 29, 2017 in New York City. (Photo by Noam Galai/WireImage) (credit:Noam Galai via Getty Images)
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SEATTLE, WA - JANUARY 29: A protestor hold a sign referring to the poem engraved on the Statue of Liberty while chanting during a demonstration on January 29, 2017 in Seattle, Washington, against U.S. President Donald Trump\'s executive order banning Muslims from certain countries. The rally was one of several in the area over the weekend. (Photo by Stephen Brashear/Getty Images) (credit:Stephen Brashear via Getty Images)
Protestors In Seattle Rally Against Trump's Muslim Immigration Ban(05 of38)
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SEATTLE, WA - JANUARY 29: A protestor holds a pair of signs before a demonstration on January 29, 2017 in Seattle, Washington, against U.S. President Donald Trump\'s executive order banning Muslims from certain countries. The rally was one of several in the area over the weekend. (Photo by Stephen Brashear/Getty Images) (credit:Stephen Brashear via Getty Images)
Demonstrators Protest Muslim Travel Ban In New York City(06 of38)
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NEW YORK, NY - JANUARY 29: Protesters are seen during a rally to protest the executive order that President Donald Trump signed clamping down on refugee admissions and temporarily restricting travelers from seven predominantly Muslim countries in New York City on January 29, 2017 in New York City. (Photo by Noam Galai/WireImage) (credit:Noam Galai via Getty Images)
Demonstrators Protest Muslim Travel Ban In New York City(07 of38)
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NEW YORK, NY - JANUARY 29: Protesters are seen during a rally to protest the executive order that President Donald Trump signed clamping down on refugee admissions and temporarily restricting travelers from seven predominantly Muslim countries in New York City on January 29, 2017 in New York City. (Photo by Noam Galai/WireImage) (credit:Noam Galai via Getty Images)
Demonstrators Protest Muslim Travel Ban In New York City(08 of38)
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NEW YORK, NY - JANUARY 29: Protesters are seen during a rally to protest the executive order that President Donald Trump signed clamping down on refugee admissions and temporarily restricting travelers from seven predominantly Muslim countries in New York City on January 29, 2017 in New York City. (Photo by Noam Galai/WireImage) (credit:Noam Galai via Getty Images)
Demonstrators Protest Muslim Travel Ban In New York City(09 of38)
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NEW YORK, NY - JANUARY 29: Protesters are seen during a rally to protest the executive order that President Donald Trump signed clamping down on refugee admissions and temporarily restricting travelers from seven predominantly Muslim countries in New York City on January 29, 2017 in New York City. (Photo by Noam Galai/WireImage) (credit:Noam Galai via Getty Images)
Demonstrators Protest Muslim Travel Ban In New York City(10 of38)
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NEW YORK, NY - JANUARY 29: Protesters are seen during a rally to protest the executive order that President Donald Trump signed clamping down on refugee admissions and temporarily restricting travelers from seven predominantly Muslim countries in New York City on January 29, 2017 in New York City. (Photo by Noam Galai/WireImage) (credit:Noam Galai via Getty Images)
Demonstrators Protest Muslim Travel Ban In New York City(11 of38)
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NEW YORK, NY - JANUARY 29: A view of protest sign during a rally to protest the executive order that President Donald Trump signed clamping down on refugee admissions and temporarily restricting travelers from seven predominantly Muslim countries in New York City on January 29, 2017 in New York City. (Photo by Noam Galai/WireImage) (credit:Noam Galai via Getty Images)
Demonstrators Protest Muslim Travel Ban In New York City(12 of38)
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NEW YORK, NY - JANUARY 29: Protesters are seen during a rally to protest the executive order that President Donald Trump signed clamping down on refugee admissions and temporarily restricting travelers from seven predominantly Muslim countries in New York City on January 29, 2017 in New York City. (Photo by Noam Galai/WireImage) (credit:Noam Galai via Getty Images)
Demonstrators Protest Muslim Travel Ban In New York City(13 of38)
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NEW YORK, NY - JANUARY 29: Protesters are seen during a rally to protest the executive order that President Donald Trump signed clamping down on refugee admissions and temporarily restricting travelers from seven predominantly Muslim countries in New York City on January 29, 2017 in New York City. (Photo by Noam Galai/WireImage) (credit:Noam Galai via Getty Images)
Demonstrators Protest Muslim Travel Ban In New York City(14 of38)
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NEW YORK, NY - JANUARY 29: Protesters are seen during a rally to protest the executive order that President Donald Trump signed clamping down on refugee admissions and temporarily restricting travelers from seven predominantly Muslim countries in New York City on January 29, 2017 in New York City. (Photo by Noam Galai/WireImage) (credit:Noam Galai via Getty Images)
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Activists taking part in the Women\'s March shout slogans as they rally through Washington, D.C., U.S. on January 21, 2017. REUTERS/Adrees Latif (credit:Adrees Latif / Reuters)
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Several hundred people rally against a temporary travel ban signed by U.S. President Donald Trump in an executive order, during a protest in Hamtramck, Michigan, U.S., January 29, 2017. REUTERS/Rebecca Cook (credit:Rebecca Cook / Reuters)
USA-TRUMP/IMMIGRATION(17 of38)
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Hundreds of people rally against a temporary travel ban signed by U.S. President Donald Trump in an executive order during a protest at Detroit Metropolitan airport in Romulus, Michigan, U.S., January 29, 2017. REUTERS/Rebecca Cook (credit:Rebecca Cook / Reuters)
USA-TRUMP/IMMIGRATION(18 of38)
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Several hundred people rally against a temporary travel ban signed by U.S. President Donald Trump in an executive order during a protest in Hamtramck, Michigan, U.S., January 29, 2017. REUTERS/Rebecca Cook (credit:Rebecca Cook / Reuters)
USA-TRUMP/IMMIGRATION(19 of38)
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Hundreds of people rally against a temporary travel ban signed by U.S. President Donald Trump in an executive order during a protest at Detroit Metropolitan airport in Romulus, Michigan, U.S., January 29, 2017. REUTERS/Rebecca Cook (credit:Rebecca Cook / Reuters)
USA-TRUMP/IMMIGRATION(20 of38)
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Several hundred people rally against a temporary travel ban signed by U.S. President Donald Trump in an executive order during a protest in Hamtramck, Michigan, U.S., January 29, 2017. REUTERS/Rebecca Cook (credit:Rebecca Cook / Reuters)
Protestors In Seattle Rally Against Trump's Muslim Immigration Ban(21 of38)
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SEATTLE, WA - JANUARY 29: Protestors gather before a demonstration on January 29, 2017 in Seattle, Washington, against U.S. President Donald Trump\'s executive order banning Muslims from certain countries. The rally was one of several in the area over the weekend. (Photo by Stephen Brashear/Getty Images) (credit:Stephen Brashear via Getty Images)
Protestors In Seattle Rally Against Trump's Muslim Immigration Ban(22 of38)
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SEATTLE, WA - JANUARY 29: A crowd of protestors takes part in a rally, on January 29, 2017 in Seattle, Washington, against U.S. President Donald Trump\'s executive order banning Muslims from certain countries. The rally was one of several in the area over the weekend. (Photo by Stephen Brashear/Getty Images) (credit:Stephen Brashear via Getty Images)
US-TRUMP-PROTEST-IMMIGRATION-POLITICS-MIGRATION-SEATTLE(23 of38)
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People attend a rally for immigrants and refugees in Seattle, Washington on January 29, 2017.\nUS President Trump signed the controversial executive order that halted refugees and residents from predominantly Muslim countries from entering the United States. / AFP / Jason Redmond (Photo credit should read JASON REDMOND/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JASON REDMOND via Getty Images)
US-TRUMP-PROTEST-IMMIGRATION-POLITICS-MIGRATION-SEATTLE(24 of38)
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People attend a rally for immigrants and refugees in Seattle, Washington on January 29, 2017.\nUS President Trump signed the controversial executive order that halted refugees and residents from predominantly Muslim countries from entering the United States. / AFP / Jason Redmond (Photo credit should read JASON REDMOND/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JASON REDMOND via Getty Images)
Protestors Rally Against Muslim Immigration Ban At LAX(25 of38)
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LOS ANGELES, CA - JANUARY 29: Protesters rally against the Muslim immigration ban imposed by U.S. President Donald Trump at Los Angeles International Airport on January 29, 2017 in Los Angeles, California. (Photo by Amanda Edwards/Getty Images) (credit:Amanda Edwards via Getty Images)
Protestors Rally Against Muslim Immigration Ban At LAX(26 of38)
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LOS ANGELES, CA - JANUARY 29: Protesters rally against the Muslim immigration ban imposed by U.S. President Donald Trump at Los Angeles International Airport on January 29, 2017 in Los Angeles, California. (Photo by Amanda Edwards/Getty Images) (credit:Amanda Edwards via Getty Images)
Protestors Rally Against Muslim Immigration Ban At LAX(27 of38)
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LOS ANGELES, CA - JANUARY 29: Protesters rally against the Muslim immigration ban imposed by U.S. President Donald Trump at Los Angeles International Airport on January 29, 2017 in Los Angeles, California. (Photo by Amanda Edwards/Getty Images) (credit:Amanda Edwards via Getty Images)
Protestors Rally Against Muslim Immigration Ban At LAX(28 of38)
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LOS ANGELES, CA - JANUARY 29: Protesters rally against the Muslim immigration ban imposed by U.S. President Donald Trump at Los Angeles International Airport on January 29, 2017 in Los Angeles, California. (Photo by Amanda Edwards/Getty Images) (credit:Amanda Edwards via Getty Images)
Protestors Rally Against Muslim Immigration Ban At LAX(29 of38)
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LOS ANGELES, CA - JANUARY 29: Protesters rally against the Muslim immigration ban imposed by U.S. President Donald Trump at Los Angeles International Airport on January 29, 2017 in Los Angeles, California. (Photo by Amanda Edwards/Getty Images) (credit:Amanda Edwards via Getty Images)
Protestors Rally Against Muslim Immigration Ban At LAX(30 of38)
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LOS ANGELES, CA - JANUARY 29: Protesters rally against the Muslim immigration ban imposed by U.S. President Donald Trump at Los Angeles International Airport on January 29, 2017 in Los Angeles, California. (Photo by Amanda Edwards/Getty Images) (credit:Amanda Edwards via Getty Images)
Protestors Rally Against Muslim Immigration Ban At LAX(31 of38)
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LOS ANGELES, CA - JANUARY 29: Protesters rally against the Muslim immigration ban imposed by U.S. President Donald Trump at Los Angeles International Airport on January 29, 2017 in Los Angeles, California. (Photo by Amanda Edwards/Getty Images) (credit:Amanda Edwards via Getty Images)
Protestors Rally Against Muslim Immigration Ban At LAX(32 of38)
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LOS ANGELES, CA - JANUARY 29: Protesters rally against the Muslim immigration ban imposed by U.S. President Donald Trump at Los Angeles International Airport on January 29, 2017 in Los Angeles, California. (Photo by Amanda Edwards/Getty Images) (credit:Amanda Edwards via Getty Images)
Protestors Rally Against Muslim Immigration Ban At LAX(33 of38)
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LOS ANGELES, CA - JANUARY 29: Protesters rally against the Muslim immigration ban imposed by U.S. President Donald Trump at Los Angeles International Airport on January 29, 2017 in Los Angeles, California. (Photo by Amanda Edwards/Getty Images) (credit:Amanda Edwards via Getty Images)
Protestors Rally Against Muslim Immigration Ban At LAX(34 of38)
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LOS ANGELES, CA - JANUARY 29: Protesters rally against the Muslim immigration ban imposed by U.S. President Donald Trump at Los Angeles International Airport on January 29, 2017 in Los Angeles, California. (Photo by Amanda Edwards/Getty Images) (credit:Amanda Edwards via Getty Images)
US-TRUMP-PROTEST-IMMIGRATION-POLITICS-MIGRATION-DEMONSTRATION-CH(35 of38)
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Demonstrators protest President Donald Trump\'s executive immigration ban at O\'Hare International Airport on January 29, 2017 in Chicago, Illinois.\nUS President Trump signed the controversial executive order that halted refugees and residents from predominantly Muslim countries from entering the United States. / AFP / Joshua LOTT (Photo credit should read JOSHUA LOTT/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSHUA LOTT via Getty Images)
Immigration Protest(36 of38)
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Demonstrators protest President Donald Trump\'s executive immigration ban at O\'Hare International Airport on January 29, 2017 in Chicago, Illinois.\nUS President Trump signed the controversial executive order that halted refugees and residents from predominantly Muslim countries from entering the United States. / AFP / Joshua LOTT (Photo credit should read JOSHUA LOTT/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSHUA LOTT via Getty Images)
Immigration Protest(37 of38)
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A woman yells as she protest President Donald Trump\'s executive immigration ban at O\'Hare International Airport on January 29, 2017 in Chicago, Illinois.\nUS President Trump signed the controversial executive order that halted refugees and residents from predominantly Muslim countries from entering the United States. / AFP / Joshua LOTT (Photo credit should read JOSHUA LOTT/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSHUA LOTT via Getty Images)
Immigration Protest(38 of38)
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A woman holds a sign as she protest President Donald Trump\'s executive immigration ban at O\'Hare International Airport on January 29, 2017 in Chicago, Illinois.\nUS President Trump signed the controversial executive order that halted refugees and residents from predominantly Muslim countries from entering the United States. / AFP / Joshua LOTT (Photo credit should read JOSHUA LOTT/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSHUA LOTT via Getty Images)

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