禁錮35年の元上等兵と、「米軍の民間人殺傷動画」

2010年、当時米軍の情報分析官を務めていたブラッドリー・マニング上等兵は、内部告発サイト「ウィキリークス」に多数の機密文書を提供した。冒頭に掲げた衝撃的な動画もそのひとつだ。

2010年、当時米軍の情報分析官を務めていたブラッドリー・マニング上等兵は、内部告発サイト「ウィキリークス」に多数の機密文書を提供した。冒頭に掲げた衝撃的な動画もそのひとつだ。

動画はバグダッドの上空から撮影されたもので、米軍の兵士たちが攻撃用ヘリコプター「アパッチ」から、民間人の男性たちを襲撃する様子が映し出されている。アパッチは機首下に目標捕捉・指示照準装置(TADS)を備えており、射撃手のヘルメット・ディスプレイと連動して目標を自動追尾する。実用上昇高度は6400メートル。チェーンガン(機関砲)の最大射程距離は3000メートル。

2007年に発生したこの攻撃事件による死亡者は11人で、その中にはロイター社のカメラマンとその運転手も含まれていた。さらに、たまたまその場を通りかかり、負傷した人を助けようとした民間人の自動車(バン)が現れると、アパッチはこの車も、30mmチェーンガンで攻撃。バンの運転手は死亡し、乗っていた2人の子供たちも重症を負った。

軍は当初、この攻撃によって9人の武装勢力の兵士と、2人の民間人が死亡したと主張していたが、動画を見る限り、武装しているのは1人だけで、その人物も、米軍の兵士への攻撃は行っていない。

この事件が発生した直後、ロイター社は事件の真相を確認するため、「情報公開法」に基づいて動画を入手しようと試みた。しかし、米国国防総省からの回答は遅れ、結果的にはマニング元上等兵の告発によって、全世界と共に目にすることとなった。

内部告発後に発表された、この攻撃に対する米軍による調査結果では、「ヘリコプターに搭乗していた兵士たちは、交戦規定を遵守していた」という結論が出されている。

マニング被告には8月21日(米国時間)、軍事法廷において、機密文書漏洩の罪で禁錮35年の判決が下された。罪状からは、最長で90年の禁錮刑となる可能性もあった。

[Nick Wing(English) 日本語版:兵藤説子/ガリレオ)]

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