フィデル・カストロ氏の死に、世界の指導者たちはどのように反応したか

「歴史が記録し審判を下すでしょう」
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Premier Fidel Castro gestures angrily as he censured resigned provincial military commander Major Hubert Matos for what he called conspiratorial activities against his government in Havana Oct. 22, 1959. Castro on the same television appearance accused planes based in the United States of bombing Cuba and said this was linked to Matosâ conspiracy. (AP Photo)
ASSOCIATED PRESS

世界各国の首脳がキューバの元最高指導者フィデル・カストロ氏の逝去に反応した。

支持者たちは、11月25日に90歳で亡くなったキューバのカストロ前国家評議会議長が残した、世界的な影響と遺産を称えている。一方、批判する人たちは、基本的人権を侵害した共産主義体制の独裁者と考えている。

各国の首脳の反応を見てみよう。

■アメリカの反応

アメリカのバラク・オバマ大統領は、カストロ氏が逝去したことを受け、アメリカとキューバの関係の修復を強調した声明を発表した。

「フィデル・カストロ氏の訃報に接し、私たちはキューバ国民のみなさんに友情の手を差し伸べます」と、オバマは氏は話した。「今、キューバ国民のみなさんは、キューバ在住であれアメリカ在住であれ、強い感情で満たされていると思います。フィデル・カストロ氏は個人の生活、家族、そして国家であるキューバの道のりを転換させました。彼の数々の行いについて回想していることでしょう。この非凡な人物が周囲の世界や人々に及ぼした計り知れない影響は、歴史が記録し審判を下すでしょう」

「今日、私たちはフィデル・カストロ氏の家族の方々に哀悼の意を表し、キューバ国民にお悔やみ申し上げる。今後は過去を思い出すとともに、未来にも目を向けるだろう。その時、キューバ国民のみなさんは、アメリカに友人とパートナーがいることを思い出して下さい」

一方、次期大統領のドナルド・トランプ氏は……。

フィデル・カストロが死んだ!

トランプ氏は、2014年にバラク・オバマ大統領がキューバとの国交を正常化させたことについて「弱い協定だ」と批判している。しかしトランプ氏はこれまで、この合意を破棄するとは言っていない。

「強力な協定を得るためにするべきことは、何でもやるつもりだ。国民は協定を望んでいる。今回の協定の考え方には同意するが、現実的な協定でなければならない。だから、もし交渉目的で協定を考えるなら、キューバ国民にとっても大きな意味のあるものにしなければならない」と、トランプ氏は2016年初頭に語っている。

トランプ氏は26日朝、正式な声明を発表した。

今日、60年近く自国民を迫害してきた残忍な独裁者が死去した。フィデル・カストロの遺産は、銃殺隊、盗難、想像を絶する苦しみ、貧困、そして基本的人権の否定だ。

キューバはまだ全体主義的な島のままだが、私が願うのは、今日を境に、あまりにも長い間辛抱してきた恐怖を取り去って、すばらしいキューバ国民がようやく自由な生活を当然の権利として享受することだ。

フィデル・カストロが引き起こした悲劇、死、痛みは消し去れないが、私たちの政権は、キューバ国民がようやく繁栄と自由への道を歩み始められるよう、できることは何でもやるつもりだ。大統領選中は、多くのキューバ系アメリカ人たちが、2506部隊の退役軍人団体を含め、私に大変協力してくれた。彼らが近い将来、自由なキューバを見られるよう、希望を与えたい。

■ ロシアの反応

ロシアのウラジーミル・プーチン大統領は、このキューバの絶対的指導者を「多くの国を奮起させる模範」であり「一時代の象徴」と呼び、弟で後継者のラウル・カストロに電信を送った。

プーチン氏はカストロを「一時代の象徴」として賞賛した――クレムリン

インテルファクス通信によると、1991年に共産主義体制のソ連が解体するまで政治的・経済的にキューバを支援したミハイル・ゴルバチョフ元ソ連大統領は「カストロは世界の歴史に永続する記録を残した」と述べた。

■ その他の反応

中国の習近平国家主席は声明で、カストロは世界中の共産主義の発展に貢献したとたたえ、中国の人民は「親密な同志・誠実な友人」を失った、と述べた。

カナダのジャスティン・トルドー首相は26日午後の声明で、カストロ氏の支持者への同情を示した。

「賛否両論のある人物でしたが、支持者でも反対者でも、カストロ氏のキューバ国民への並外れた献身と愛については認めていました。キューバ国民は『エル・コマンダンテ(司令官)』に消えることのない深い愛着を持っています」

フランスのフランソワ・オランド大統領は、カストロ体制下の人権問題に懸念を示した一方、キューバとアメリカの関係の改善を歓迎した。

「フィデル・カストロは20世紀の偉大な人物でした。キューバ革命を実現し、希望とともに幻滅を与えました」と、オランド大統領は語った。「フランスはキューバの人権侵害を批判すると同時に、アメリカのキューバに対する禁輸措置にも異議を唱えてきました。フランスは、両国が対話を再開し、オープンな関係を再構築できて、うれしく思っていました」

ベネズエラのニコラス・マドゥロ大統領は、カストロ氏を「世界中の全ての人にとって、戦いの模範」と呼んだ。

フランシスコ法王はカストロ氏の死を「悲しい知らせ」と表現し、深い悲しみの中でカストロの「安らかな眠り」を祈っていると述べた。

ハフィントンポストUS版より翻訳・加筆しました。

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フィデル・カストロ氏
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Fidel Castro(55 of105)
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Cuban President Fidel Castro is surrounded by cameras and security outside of Harlem\'s Theresa Hotel in New York on Sunday, Oct. 22, 1995. Excluded from gatherings of other world leaders, Castro was warmly received by hundreds of well-wishers on Sunday as he returned to Harlem to deliver a speech at the Abyssinian Baptist Church. (AP Photo/Charles Tasnadi) (credit:Charles Tasnadi/AP)
France Castro(56 of105)
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Cuban President Fidel Castro, center, signs autographs as he leaves Latin American House where he received guests in Paris, March 14, 1995. Castro, savoring his first trip to Paris, earlier visited the Louvre museum and Napoleons tomb before conferring with French business executives. Castro is on a four-day visit to France. (AP Photo/Max Nash) (credit:Max Nash/AP)
Carlos Salinas de Gortari and Fidel Castro(57 of105)
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Mexican President Carlos Salinas de Gortari, right, waves to the media along with Cuban President Fidel Castro in Mexico City Wednesday, Nov. 30, 1994. Castro is in Mexico to witness the swearing-in of Mexican President-elect Ernesto Zedillo on Thursday, December 1. (AP Photo/Jose Luis Magana) (credit:Jose Luis Magana/AP)
Fidel Castro Manuel Tello(58 of105)
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Cuban President Fidel Castro, left, is greeted by Mexican Foreign Relations Minister Manuel Tello, right, at the Presidential hangar of the Benito Juarez International Airport in Mexico City Wednesday, Nov. 30, 1994. Castro is one of fourteen heads of state who will witness the December 1, swearing-in of Mexican President-elect Ernesto Zedillo. Castro will also meet with Latin American leaders as he has been excluded from the upcoming Miami summit. (AP Photo/Tomas Stargardter) (credit:Tomas Stargardter/AP)
Fidel Castro(59 of105)
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Cuban President Fidel Castro claps as people parade past during the May Day parade in Havana on May 1, 1992. Despite the general easing of ideological rivalries worldwide, relations between Cuba and its big neighbor to the north seem stuck in a deep freeze and may have even worsened since the end of the Cold War. (AP Photo/Charles Tasnadi) (credit:Charles Tasnadi/AP)
Fidel Castro kisses Cuban Liliana Allen(60 of105)
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Cuban leader Fidel Castro kisses Cuban Liliana Allen on the victory stand after Allen won the gold medal in the women\'s 100-meter during Pan Am Games track and field competition in Havana on Monday, August 6, 1991. (AP Photo/Doug Mills) (credit:Doug Mills/AP)
Fidel Castro President Gresturing Pan Am Games Opening(61 of105)
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Cuban leader Fidel Castro gestures as he watches Cuban athletes at the opening ceremonies of the Pan Am Games at night on Friday, August 3, 1991 in Havana, Cuba. (AP Photo/Charles Tasnadi) (credit:Charles Tasnadi/AP)
Fidel Castro(62 of105)
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Cuban President Fidel Castro gestures during the opening ceremonies of the Pan Am Games in Havana on August 2, 1991. (AP Photo/Charles Tasnadi) (credit:Charles Tasnadi/AP)
Fidel Castro Crowd(63 of105)
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Cuban President Fidel Castro acknowledges applause as he arrives to watch an aerobic gymnastics show in Havana Tuesday, July 24, 1990. Havana Mayor Jorge Lezcano, left, and Vilma Espin, president of the Cuban Women Federation, right, stand with the president. The performance celebrates the July 26 anniversary of Castro\'s storming of Moncado Barracks which began his revolution 37 years ago. (AP Photo/Charles Tasnadi) (credit:Charles Tasnadi/AP)
Fidel Castro Havana 1990(64 of105)
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Cuban President Fidel Castro raises his hand and points his finger during a news conference with foreign journalists, Tuesday, April 4, 1990, Havana, Cuba. Castro said TV Marti, the television signal beamed at Cuba by the United States, is illegal and they will continue to jam the broadcast. (AP Photo/Charles Tasnadi) (credit:Charles Tasnadi/AP)
Fidel Castro(65 of105)
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Cuban President Fidel Castro addresses a youth rally in Havana on April 4, 1990. An estimated 15,000 young people attended the rally to celebrate the 28th anniversary of the Union of Young Communists. The sign on the stage reads: Im not going to see you Yankee, referring to TV Marti\'s broadcasts. (AP Photo/Charles Tasnadi) (credit:Charles Tasnadi/AP)
Fidel Castro(66 of105)
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Cuban Prime Minister Fidel Castro is the recipient of a glass sculpture, symbolizing the Cuban ballet in Havana on June 28, 1978, in appreciation of the magnificent reception extended by the Government of Cuba, towards the visiting U.S. delegation of the Conference of U.S. Mayors. Castro receives the symbolic sculpture from Thomas Cochran, Dep. Director of the Conference of US Mayors, and Paul Soglin, head of the Mayor\'s delegation, right. (AP Photo/Charles Tasnadi) (credit:Charles Tasnadi/AP)
Fidel Castro(67 of105)
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Cuban Prime Minister Fidel Castro entertained delegation of the US Conference of Mayors, during a reception at the Palace of Protocol in Havana on June 28, 1978. Here, surrounded with American guests and Cuban officials, Castro chats with leader of the US group, Mayor Paul Soglin, of Madison, Wisconsin. On the left, the official interpreter for the Cuban government, Juanita Vera. (AP Photo/Charles Tasnadi) (credit:Charles Tasnadi/AP)
REVOLUTIONARY CIGAR(68 of105)
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Cuban President Fidel Castro enjoys a cigar in 1978 before he gave up smoking stogies. The Cohiba cigar turns 30 Friday, Feb. 28, 1997, and a big party in Havana is planned. The cigar was the first created under a Communist Cuba and is one of the most popular smokes today. (AP Photo/Phil Sandlin) (credit:PHIL SANDLIN/AP)
Mary Hemingway and Minister Fidel Castro(69 of105)
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Mary Hemingway, widow of novelist Ernest Hemingway, listens to Cuban Prime Minister Fidel Castro during a meeting of the two in the Presidential Palace in Havana, July 13, 1977. She is in Havana to assist in production of a movie about her husbands life in Cuba. (AP Photo/Charles Tasnadi) (credit:Charles Tasnadi/AP)
CASTRO IDI AMIN 1977(70 of105)
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Cuban Prime Minister Fidel Castro talks with President Idi Amin of Uganda during a break in the closing session of the fourth summit meeting of the Non-Aligned countries at the Palais des Nationes conference hall in Algiers, Sept. 9, 1977. (AP Photo) (credit:ROQUE/AP)
Fidel Castro and Michael Manley(71 of105)
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Cubas President Fidel Castro visiting Jamaicas Michael Manley at a hugh rally in Montego Bay, Sept. 17, 1977. (AP Photo/BH) (credit:BH/AP)
Moammar Gadhafi(72 of105)
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FILE - In this March 8, 1977 photo Cuba Leader Fidel Castro sits with Moammar Gadhafi in Tripoli. A U.S. official says Libya\'s new government has told the United States that Moammar Gadhafi is dead. The official said Libya\'s Transitional National Council informed U.S. officials in Libya of the development Thursday, Oct. 20, 2011. (AP Photo) (credit:ARNA/AP)
Gadhafi Twilight(73 of105)
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FILE - In this March 8, 1977 file photo Cuban leader Fidel Castro and Moammar Gadhafi meet in Tripoli, Libya. As rebels swarmed into Tripoli late Sunday, Aug. 21, 2011, and Gadhafi\'s son and one-time heir apparent Seif al-Islam was arrested, Gadhafi\'s rule was all but over, even though some loyalists continued to resist. (AP Photo, File) (credit:ARNA/AP)
Castro 26 De Julio Celebrations(74 of105)
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Fidel Castro embraces a Cuban comrade during an anniversary celebration of the Cuban revolution in Holguin, Cuba, July 26, 1979. At right is Humberto Ortega, a member of Nicaragua\'s new Directorate, and one of 36 Nicaraguans who flew to Holguin to participate in the ceremonies. (AP Photo/Richard Cross) (credit:Richard Cross/AP)
CUBA CANADA(75 of105)
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Former Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau looks on as Cuban President Fidel Castro gestures during a visit to a Havana housing project in this Jan. 27, 1976 photo. Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chretien confirmed late Saturday April 18, 1998 that he will visit Cuban president Fidel Castro this month, saying he\'d never been to Cuba \"and I think it\'s time for me to go.\" Chretien will be the first Canadian Perime Minister to visit Cuba since Trudeau\'s 1976 visit. (CP Photo/Fred Chartrand) (credit:FRED CHARTRAND/AP)
McGovern-Cuba(76 of105)
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FILE - This May 8, 1975 file photo shows Former Democratic presidential candidate George McGovern going for a jeep ride with Cuban Premier Fidel Castro, behind the wheel, during McGovern\'s visit to Cuba. McGovern said, Wednesday, June 29, 2011 he plans to board a plane to Cuba on Friday and visit old friend Fidel Castro for the first time in nearly 17 years. (AP Photo/Charles Tasnadi, file) (credit:Charles Tasnadi/AP)
CASTRO INTERVIEW BARBARA WALTERS(77 of105)
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Cuban Prime Minister Fidel Castro responds to a question from American NBC reporter Barbara Walters during a news conference granted to members of the U.S. press covering Senator George McGovern\'s trip to Cuba, in Havana, May 7, 1975. (AP Photo) (credit:AP/AP)
U.S. SENATORS VISIT CASTRO(78 of105)
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Cuban Prime Minister Fidel Castro is shown meeting with visiting U.S. Senators, Sen. Claiborne Pell, left, D-RI, and Sen. Jacob Javits, R-NY, in the Presidential Palace in Havana, Cuba on September 29, 1974. (AP Photo/Charlie Tasnadi) (credit:CHARLIE TASNADI/AP)
Historical Cuba - State visit Honecker 1974 - Fidel Castro(79 of105)
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Young pioneers hand flowers to Cuban president Fidel Castro in the Instituto de Parasitologia y Enfermedades Tropicales, the tropical institute, on the 21st of February in 1974. Honecker was on a state visit to Cuba from the 20th to the 26th of February in 1974. (credit:ddrbildarchiv.de/DPA)
CASTRO TABLE TENNIS(80 of105)
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Cuban Prime Minister and party leader Fidel Castro makes a perfect return in table tennis game he played during his spare time in his visit to the Slovak High Tatras Mountains, Czechoslovakia, June 25, 1972. (AP Photo) (credit:AP/AP)
Fidel Castro Speaking Copper Mine(81 of105)
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Cubas Fidel Castro wears a hardhat as he speaks to copper mine workers at the El Teniente mine, worlds largest underground copper mine in Chile Wednesday, Nov. 24, 1971. (AP Photo) (credit:AP)
Salvador Allende meets Fidel Castro(82 of105)
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Cuban leader Fidel Castro (L) is received by President of Chile Salvador Allende. (credit: --/Photas/Tass)
Cuban Premier Fidel Castro Speaking(83 of105)
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Cuban Premier Fidel Castro, wearing cap at right, as he addresses volleyball players and newsmen at closing of the second North Central American and Caribbean Tournament in Havana, Cuba Sunday, August 23, 1971. (AP Photo) (credit:AP)
Fidel Castro Speaking Gesturing(84 of105)
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Fidel Castro speaks in Cuba July 1968. (AP Photo) (credit:AP)
Fidel Castro 1967(85 of105)
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Cuban Prime Minister Fidel Castro eulogizes Ernesto Che Guevara in Havana\'s Revolutionary Plaza in this Oct. 18, 1967 photo. (AP Photo) (credit:AP/AP)
CUBA FIDEL CASTRO(86 of105)
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Cuban Prime Minister Fidel Castro swings a machete as he leads some 60,000 sugar cane cutters into the field for harvest in Havana, Cuba, April 21, 1965. (AP Photo) (credit:AP/AP)
Fidel Castro(87 of105)
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Fidel Castro playing baseball in Mexico City, Mexico after Cuban Anniversary rally, July 26, 1964. (AP Photo/Jesus Diaz) (credit:Jesus Diaz/AP)
Fidel Castro(88 of105)
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Fidel Castro playing baseball in Mexico City, Mexico after Cuban Anniversary rally, July 26, 1964. (AP Photo/Jesus Diaz) (credit:Jesus Diaz/AP)
Nikita Khrushchev and Fidel Castro(89 of105)
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Cuban leader Fidel Castro and Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev, L-R, pose for a photograph during a meeting in the Kremlin. (credit: -/Photas/Tass)
Fidel Castro(90 of105)
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Cuban leader Fidel Castro in a forest near Moscow in winter. (credit: -/Photas/Tass)
Fidel Castro(91 of105)
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Premier Fidel Castro, left, with Algerian Premier Ahmed Ben Bella during latter\'s arrival in Havana, Cuba, Oct. 17, 1962. (AP Photo/Harold Valentine) (credit:Harold Valentine/AP)
Cuban leader Fidel Castro(92 of105)
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An award winning shot \'Freedom or death!\' (in pic.) by TASS news photographer Valentin Sobolev, which was on display as part of the 1962 All-Soviet Union art photography exhibition \'Seven-Year Plan put to action\'. (credit: /Photas/Tass)
Cuba - Bay of Pigs Invasion anniversary(93 of105)
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(file) - A dpa file picture dated 01 January 1962 shows Cuban leader Fidel Castro during a visit to the Bay of Pigs on the southern coast of Cuba. On 17 April 1961, CIA-trained and -equipped Cuban exiles landed here in an attempt to topple the Castro regime. The failed coup attempt resulted in a permanent deterioration of US-Cuban relations. Photo: Heinz Junge (credit:Peter Heinz Junge/DPA)
Fidel Castro News Conference Gesturing(94 of105)
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A press conference in Fidel Castros Havana Office, on June 23, 1961 gives Cubas Fidel Castro a chance to make the most of his photogenic face and gestures and he does make the most of it was he point to a finger close to his face, comes up to scratch as he thinks of an answer, and smiles broadly, shaking his cigar-holding hand as he comes up with it. Associated press staff photographer Robert Schitz, who went to Havana for the tractors-for-captives negotiations, also made the most of the conference. (AP Photo/Robert Schutz ) (credit:Roberet Schutz/AP)
Fidel Castro(95 of105)
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Cuba\'s Prime Minister Fidel Castro, right, poses with the Tractors For Freedom committee during their talks in Havana, Cuba, June 15, 1961. The members are, left to right: John B. Liljedahl, Purdue University; C.H. Hansen, Michigan State University; Duane Greathouse, United Auto Workers; and Roy Bainer, University of California. (AP Photo/Bob Schutz) (credit:Bob Schutz/AP)
Fidel Castro(96 of105)
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Cuban Prime Minister Fidel Castro holds his hand to his head as he ponders a question during a press conference held at his office in Havana, Cuba, June 14, 1961. (AP Photo/Bob Schutz) (credit:Bob Schutz/AP)
CIA Bay of Pigs(97 of105)
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FILE - This April 1961 file photo shows Fidel Castro, center, with members of the Revolutionary Armed Forces at his base of operations at the Australia Sugar Refinery in Jaguey, near Playa Giron, during the Bay of Pigs invasion in April 1961. (AP Photo/Str) (credit:STR/AP)
Fidel Castro Lenin Peace Prize(98 of105)
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Receives Russian sponsored Lenin Peace Prize from hands of Dimitri had of awards International Committee in Havana March 21, 1961. Looking on is Soviet writer (dark hair), who made trip ex Moscow with Scobeltsin. (AP Photo) (credit:AP)
CASTRO NASSER MEETING(99 of105)
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Cuba\'s Fidel Castro, left, and Gamal Abdel Nasser, President of United Arab Republic, confer, September 28, 1960 at the New York headquarters of the UAR. (AP Photo) (credit:AP/AP)
Lau in Cuba(100 of105)
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A rebel solider from the Fidel Castro army gets a kick out of trying the bat of Charley Lau, Detroit catcher, playing ball in the Cuban winter league, February 1, 1959. Lau made the boys let him keep their guns so he would be sure and get his favorite stick back. (AP Photo). (credit:AP)
Fidel Castro Children(101 of105)
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Children from this Oriente province city gather around Rebel Leader Fidel Castro in Bayamo, Cuba Feb. 4, 1959, asking him to open some of the boxes of toys being loaded aboard a Cuban Air force planes for air drop over the farms and villages. The Revolutionary leader seemed to find this as puzzling a problem as many he had encountered. Some of the toys were dropped in the Bayamo area. (AP Photo/Harry Harris) (credit:Harry Harris/AP)
CUBA CASTRO(102 of105)
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Fidel Castro, young anti-Batista Guerilla leader, is operating in the Mountains of Eastern Cuba on March 14, 1957. (AP Photo/Andrew St. George) (credit:ANDREW ST. GEORGE/AP)
CUBA CASTRO READS(103 of105)
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Cuban guerrilla leader Fidel Castro does some reading while at his rebel base in Cuba\'s Sierra Maestra mountains in this 1957 photo. (AP Photo/Andrew St. George) (credit:ANDREW ST. GEORGE/AP)
UN GLASS HOUSE(104 of105)
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Cuban leader Fidel Castro, left, and Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev hug at the United Nations in late 1960. (AP Photo/Marty Lederhandler) (credit:MARTY LEDERHANDLER/AP)
Picture released by Brazil's presidentia(105 of105)
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Picture released by Brazil\'s presidential press office of Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva (C) posing with Cuban leader Fidel Castro (R) and his brother President Raul Castro in Havana, February 24, 2010. More than 50 Cuban political prisoners asked Lula da Silva to intercede on their behalf before President Raul Castro, who voiced regret Wednesday at the death of leading dissidentOrlando Zapata Tamayo on a prison hunger strike, and denied the rights activist had been tortured. AFP PHOTO/RICARDO STUCKERT RESTRICTED TO EDITORIAL USE (Photo credit should read RICARDO STUCKERT/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:AFP via Getty Images)

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