中国、人権派弁護士を120人以上拘束 しかし活動家は訴える「数百人が逮捕されたくらいで......」

現在の習近平国家主席政権は、弁護士をターゲットにし、弾圧も攻撃的になっているという。
Open Image Modal
Hong Kong Democratic Party's Albert Ho (C) wears mock handcuffs as he and legislator Leung Kwok-hung (top C), known as 'Long Hair', attend a protest in Hong Kong on July 12, 2015, after at least 50 Chinese human rights lawyers and activists were detained or questioned in recent days in an 'unprecedented' police swoop, rights groups said on July 11, with around 20 still feared to be held. The scale of the clampdown on the legal profession began to emerge when a friend of lawyers and staff at a single Beijing law firm known for its human rights casework said at least five had been detained in the last couple of days. AFP PHOTO / ANTHONY WALLACE (Photo credit should read ANTHONY WALLACE/AFP/Getty Images)
ANTHONY WALLACE via Getty Images

人権団体「ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチ」は、中国警察が7月13日までに120人以上の人権派弁護士らを拘束し、取り調べを行ったと発表した。

拘束された弁護士の多くは「人権擁護運動」に関わる弁護士ネットワークに所属している。「人権擁護運動」は、中国では反体制のアーティストを守ったり、政府に土地を奪われることに抵抗する農家を助けたりするなど、政治や社会の改革を訴える全ての活動を含む。

ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチに所属する中国の研究者であるマヤ・ウォン氏は、ハフポストUS版のワールドポスト編集部に「今回の拘束が中国の公共的な団体に行われている弾圧のなかでも最新のものだ」と述べた

「過去2年間、政府は中国国内で新たに発生したインターネット、報道、活動家、NGOなど市民社会の活動を標的にしてきました」

ウォン氏によると、これまでの政府の弾圧は、反体制派に対して行われていた。しかし現在の習近平国家主席政権は、弁護士をターゲットにし、弾圧も攻撃的になっているという。「こうした積極的な取り締まりは、習近平政権の一般社会への広範な弾圧とあいまって、非常に戦略的に、組織的に行われています」

ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチの報告によると、大量拘束は9日朝、北京のフェンルイ法律事務所の弁護士ワン・ユー氏が逮捕されたことで始まった(マヤ・ウォン氏とは無関係の人物)。ユー氏は9日早朝、連行された現場から知り合いにメッセージを送ったとみられる。メッセージの中で、夫と息子を空港に見送ったあと、家に帰ってみるとインターネット回線と電気が切られており、ドアの外で人が家の中に入ってこようとする音がしたと書いている。その後ユー氏のメッセージは途切れ、姿を消してしまった。

Open Image Modal

著名な中国人弁護士、ワン・ユー氏は9日早朝から行方不明に

ユー氏は難事件を引き受けることでよく知られる弁護士だ。中国国内の1000人以上の弁護士からすぐに署名が集まり、彼女の拘束を強く非難し、適正な手続きを要求する公開書簡が発表された。しかし書簡が発表されてすぐ、中国警察は署名した弁護士の多くを拘束し始めた。ある弁護士はただ疑問を呈しただけで連行され、中には週が明けた13日になってもまだ連絡が取れない弁護士もいる。中国人権団体「人権擁護ネット」は、13日朝までに107人が連行され、7人が逮捕、15人が未だに連絡が取れない状態で、85人が取り調べを受けた後に釈放されたと発表した。多くの抑留者は釈放されたが、フェンルイ法律事務所の弁護士は13日の段階でもまだ拘留されたままだという。

今回の拘束はアメリカ国務省が強く非難している。香港や、サンフランシスコの中国領事館前でも激しい抗議活動が起こっている。

13日、中国の国営メディアは今回の拘束事件に対して集中的に攻勢をかけた。国営の「グローバル・タイムズ」はフェンルイの弁護士を「重大犯罪組織」の一員と断定した。共産党中央委員会の機関誌「人民日報」は、見出しの下に「『人権擁護』事件の深い闇の部分が露呈」という長々とした一文を載せた。

これらの記事は、フェンルイ法律事務所の弁護士が、2015年初めに黒竜江省慶安で発生した武装警官による射殺など一連の事件を誇張し、「社会を二極化させ、政府への不満を助長している」と非難している。

習近平氏が2012年に国家主席となるまでの10年間に拡大した中国の人権擁護活動が、今回の一斉連行で終わることになるかもしれない、とワン・ユー氏は語った。インターネットが爆発的に普及し、弁護士とネットに明るい活動家は、国民が政府と衝突したときに世論をまとめるやり方を学んだ。

「習近平氏が政権の座に就く前は、被害者の生活や公共政策を変える、『人権擁護』のキャンペーンが数多く成功しました」とユー氏は語った。「それ以来、大きな変化はありません」

しかし全ての活動家がこの一斉連行について悲観的になっているわけではない。ネット上で人権擁護活動を行ったことで、2回にわたって数年間服役した活動家ファン・チー氏は、人権擁護活動はもっと広範で、拘束された弁護士の数は、その中のほんの一部に過ぎない、と語った。

チー氏はワールドポスト編集部に、「いかなる違法な逮捕にも抗議します。しかし中国の人権擁護活動は17年かけて拡大しており、全ての社会階級とコミュニティー、そして数千万人もの人たちを巻き込んでいるのです」と語った。

「人権擁護活動の中心となる人たちは、政府に対して署名活動をする市民と、土地を政府に差し押さえられた農家です。どこかで数百人が逮捕されたくらいでは、今後の中国の人権擁護活動には何も影響しません」

弾圧される中国人の弁護士、活動家
China Woman Activist(01 of21)
Open Image Modal
In this April 18, 2015 photo, Wang Yu, a lawyer for Chinese activist Li Tingting, speaks during an interview in Beijing. Li, one of five recently released Chinese women\'s rights activists feels her dedication to activism has grown only stronger after spending 37 days in detention with interrogators who blew smoke onto her face and insulted her sexual orientation, her girlfriend and her lawyer said. (AP Photo/Mark Schiefelbein) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
China Woman Activist(02 of21)
Open Image Modal
In this April 18, 2015 photo, the girlfriend of Chinese activist Li Tingting, who wished to be identified only by her English name of Teresa, speaks during an interview in Beijing. Li, one of five recently released Chinese women\'s rights activists feels her dedication to activism has grown only stronger after spending 37 days in detention with interrogators who blew smoke onto her face and insulted her sexual orientation, her girlfriend and her lawyer said.(AP Photo/Mark Schiefelbein) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
China Woman Activist(03 of21)
Open Image Modal
In this April 18, 2015 photo, Chinese activist Li Tingting, left, points as she holds hands with her girlfriend, who wished to be identified only by her English name of Teresa as they walk along a street in suburban Beijing. Li, one of five recently released Chinese women\'s rights activists feels her dedication to activism has grown only stronger after spending 37 days in detention with interrogators who blew smoke onto her face and insulted her sexual orientation, her girlfriend and her lawyer said. (AP Photo/Mark Schiefelbein) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
China Woman Activist(04 of21)
Open Image Modal
In this April 18, 2015 photo, the girlfriend of Chinese activist Li Tingting, who wished to be identified only by her English name of Teresa, right, speaks during an interview as she sits with Li\'s lawyer Wang Yu, left, in Beijing. Li, one of five recently released Chinese women\'s rights activists feels her dedication to activism has grown only stronger after spending 37 days in detention with interrogators who blew smoke onto her face and insulted her sexual orientation, her girlfriend and her lawyer said. (AP Photo/Mark Schiefelbein) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
HONG KONG-CHINA-LAW-POLICE-RIGHTS(05 of21)
Open Image Modal
Hong Kong Democratic Party\'s Albert Ho (C) wears mock hand cuffs as he and legislator Leung Kwok-hung (L), known as \'Long Hair\', attend a protest in Hong Kong on July 12, 2015, after at least 50 Chinese human rights lawyers and activists were detained or questioned in recent days in an \'unprecedented\' police swoop, rights groups said on July 11, with around 20 still feared to be held. The scale of the clampdown on the legal profession began to emerge when a friend of lawyers and staff at a single Beijing law firm known for its human rights casework said at least five had been detained in the last couple of days. AFP PHOTO / ANTHONY WALLACE (Photo credit should read ANTHONY WALLACE/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:ANTHONY WALLACE via Getty Images)
HONG KONG-CHINA-LAW-POLICE-RIGHTS(06 of21)
Open Image Modal
Hong Kong Democratic Party\'s Albert Ho (C) releases himself from mock hand cuffs as he and legislator Leung Kwok-hung (L), known as \'Long Hair\', attend a protest in Hong Kong on July 12, 2015, after at least 50 Chinese human rights lawyers and activists were detained or questioned in recent days in an \'unprecedented\' police swoop, rights groups said on July 11, with around 20 still feared to be held. The scale of the clampdown on the legal profession began to emerge when a friend of lawyers and staff at a single Beijing law firm known for its human rights casework said at least five had been detained in the last couple of days. AFP PHOTO / ANTHONY WALLACE (Photo credit should read ANTHONY WALLACE/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:ANTHONY WALLACE via Getty Images)
HONG KONG-CHINA-LAW-POLICE-RIGHTS(07 of21)
Open Image Modal
Hong Kong legislator Leung Kwok-hung, known as \'Long Hair\', of the League of Social Democrats speaks during a protest in Hong Kong on July 12, 2015, after at least 50 Chinese human rights lawyers and activists were detained or questioned in recent days in an \'unprecedented\' police swoop, rights groups said on July 11, with around 20 still feared to be held. The scale of the clampdown on the legal profession began to emerge when a friend of lawyers and staff at a single Beijing law firm known for its human rights casework said at least five had been detained in the last couple of days. AFP PHOTO / ANTHONY WALLACE (Photo credit should read ANTHONY WALLACE/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:ANTHONY WALLACE via Getty Images)
HONG KONG-CHINA-LAW-POLICE-RIGHTS(08 of21)
Open Image Modal
Hong Kong Democratic Party\'s Albert Ho (C) wears mock handcuffs as he attends a protest in Hong Kong on July 12, 2015, after at least 50 Chinese human rights lawyers and activists were detained or questioned in recent days in an \'unprecedented\' police swoop, rights groups said on July 11, with around 20 still feared to be held. The scale of the clampdown on the legal profession began to emerge when a friend of lawyers and staff at a single Beijing law firm known for its human rights casework said at least five had been detained in the last couple of days. AFP PHOTO / ANTHONY WALLACE (Photo credit should read ANTHONY WALLACE/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:ANTHONY WALLACE via Getty Images)
APTOPIX China Rights Lawyers(09 of21)
Open Image Modal
A woman is reflected on a glass as she reads a Global Times newspaper published a story of detained human rights lawyers, and calling the U.S. criticism uncomfortable but inconsequential, in Beijing Tuesday, July 14, 2015. Chinaâs state media on Tuesday accused more than two dozen human rights attorneys rounded up in recent days of being troublemakers intent on illegal activism as foreign governments and rights groups expressed growing concern over the arrests. (AP Photo/Andy Wong) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
China Rights Lawyers(10 of21)
Open Image Modal
A woman is reflected on a glass as she walks past a Global Times newspaper published a story of detained human rights lawyers, and calling the U.S. criticism uncomfortable but inconsequential, in Beijing Tuesday, July 14, 2015. Chinaâs state media on Tuesday accused more than two dozen human rights attorneys rounded up in recent days of being troublemakers intent on illegal activism as foreign governments and rights groups expressed growing concern over the arrests. (AP Photo/Andy Wong) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
China Journalists Under Pressure(11 of21)
Open Image Modal
In this Sunday, Jan. 26, 2014 photo, Chinese policemen manhandle a foreign photographer, center, as he photographs Zhang Qingfang, lawyer of legal scholar and founder of the New Citizens movement Xu Zhiyong, speaking to the media near the No. 1 Intermediate People\'s Court, where Xu appeared for his verdict in Beijing. The government is intensifying efforts to control foreign media coverage of China, blocking websites, harassing reporters trying to cover trials of activists in Beijing and thwarting efforts by The New York Times to station new journalists on the mainland. (AP Photo/Andy Wong) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
China Journalists Under Pressure(12 of21)
Open Image Modal
In this Sunday, Jan. 26, 2014 photo, policemen try to block journalists from interviewing Xu Zhiyong\'s lawyer Zhang Qingfang as he speaks to the media near the No. 1 Intermediate People\'s Court, in Beijing. The government is intensifying efforts to control foreign media coverage of China, blocking websites, harassing reporters trying to cover trials of activists in Beijing and thwarting efforts by The New York Times to station new journalists on the mainland. (AP Photo/Andy Wong) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
China Citizens Movement Trial(13 of21)
Open Image Modal
Chinese policemen manhandle a photographer, center, as he photographs Zhang Qingfang, lawyer of legal scholar and founder of the New Citizens movement Xu Zhiyong speaking to the media near the No. 1 Intermediate People\'s Court, where Xu appeared for his verdict in Beijing Sunday, Jan. 26, 2014. The Beijing court on Sunday sentenced Xu to four years in jail for disrupting order in public places, in a case that the U.S. government and other critics say is retribution against his push to fight corruption and create equal educational opportunities. (AP Photo/Andy Wong) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
China Citizens Movement Trial(14 of21)
Open Image Modal
Zhang Qingfang, lawyer of legal scholar and founder of the New Citizens movement Xu Zhiyong, speaks to the media near the No. 1 Intermediate People\'s Court, in Beijing Sunday, Jan. 26, 2014. The Beijing court on Sunday sentenced Xu to four years in jail for disrupting order in public places, in a case that the U.S. government and other critics say is retribution against his push to fight corruption and create equal educational opportunities. (AP Photo/Andy Wong) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
China Citizens Movement Trial(15 of21)
Open Image Modal
Policemen try to take away Zhang Qingfang, center, lawyer of legal scholar and founder of the New Citizens movement Xu Zhiyong, as he speaks to the media near the No. 1 Intermediate People\'s Court, in Beijing Sunday, Jan. 26, 2014. The Beijing court on Sunday sentenced Xu to four years in jail for disrupting order in public places, in a case that the U.S. government and other critics say is retribution against his push to fight corruption and create equal educational opportunities. (AP Photo/Andy Wong) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
China New Citizens Movement(16 of21)
Open Image Modal
FILE - In this July 17, 2009 file photo, legal scholar Xu Zhiyong pauses as he attends a meeting with lawyers at a restaurant in Beijing. The prominent Chinese legal activist Xu, who founded a group that promotes civil society, was indicted Friday, Dec. 13, 2013 by Beijing prosecutors and will likely stand trial soon, his lawyer Zhang Qingfang said. (AP Photo/Greg Baker, File) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
China New Citizens Movement(17 of21)
Open Image Modal
FILE - In this July 17, 2009 file photo, legal scholar Xu Zhiyong, center, walks past Chinese lawyers, Jiang Tianyong, right, and Yang Huiwen, second from left, after a meeting at a restaurant in Beijing. The prominent Chinese legal activist Xu, who founded a group that promotes civil society, was indicted Friday, Dec. 13, 2013 by Beijing prosecutors and will likely stand trial soon, his lawyer Zhang Qingfang said. (AP Photo/Greg Baker, File) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
APTOPIX China Airport Blast(18 of21)
Open Image Modal
Ji Zhongji cries as he speaks to journalists about his brother Ji Zhongxing who is on trial for endangering public safety by setting off an explosion two months ago at Beijing\'s airport, outside a courthouse in Beijing, China, Tuesday, Sept. 17, 2013. Ji Zhongxing\'s lawyer said the former taxi driver who was paralyzed after a beating by city officials in Guangdong province in 2005 was only seeking attention to his grievances and didn\'t intend to detonate the blast or hurt anyone. (AP Photo/Ng Han Guan) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
China Airport Blast(19 of21)
Open Image Modal
Ji Zhongji cries as he speaks to journalists about his brother Ji Zhongxing who is on trial for endangering public safety by setting off an explosion two months ago at Beijing\'s airport, outside a courthouse in Beijing, China, Tuesday, Sept. 17, 2013. Ji Zhongxing\'s lawyer said the former taxi driver who was paralyzed after a beating by city officials in Guangdong province in 2005 was only seeking attention to his grievances and didn\'t intend to detonate the blast or hurt anyone. (AP Photo/Ng Han Guan) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
China Nobel(20 of21)
Open Image Modal
Chinese lawyer Shang Baojun, second from left, who is representing Liu Hui, brother-in-law of jailed Nobel Peace Prize winner Liu Xiaobo, ducks under a police tape to talk to foreign diplomats gathered outside a courthouse in Beijing, China, Friday, Aug. 16, 2013. A Chinese court on Friday upheld the 11-year prison sentence handed down to Liu Hui, according to the lawyer. Relatives have denounced Liu Hui\'s conviction on fraud charges in a real estate dispute as political payback for the strong pro-democracy stance taken by Liu Xiaobo, who was imprisoned on subversion charges in 2009.(AP Photo/Ng Han Guan) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
China Nobel(21 of21)
Open Image Modal
Chinese police men turn back a journalist who tried to approach a car with Chinese lawyer Shang Baojun who is representing Liu Hui, brother-in-law of jailed Nobel Peace Prize winner Liu Xiaobo in Beijing, China, Friday, Aug. 16, 2013. A Chinese court on Friday upheld the 11-year prison sentence handed down to Liu Hui, according to the lawyer. Relatives have denounced Liu Hui\'s conviction on fraud charges in a real estate dispute as political payback for the strong pro-democracy stance taken by Liu Xiaobo, who was imprisoned on subversion charges in 2009. (AP Photo/Ng Han Guan) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)

この記事はハフポストUS版に掲載されたものを翻訳しました。

【関連記事】

Open Image Modal