Reuters/AP
キューバ政府は11月16日から18日にかけて、全国的規模で軍事演習「バスティオン（要塞） 2016」を実施すると発表した。11月9日、キューバ共産党中央委員会の機関紙「グランマ」が伝えた。
今回の発表は、キューバへの経済制裁の継続を主張するドナルド・トランプ氏がアメリカ大統領選に当選が確実となった直後に出されたため、トランプ氏を警戒しての牽制と見られている。
グランマによると、演習目的は「敵のあらゆる行動に対して応じる用意」などとしており、具体的な理由は明かしていない。今回の訓練は「航空機と爆薬を含む」もので、大規模な演習になるものとみられる。
一方で、キューバのラウル・カストロ国家評議会議長は9日、トランプ氏に大統領選の勝利を祝うメッセージを送っている。
2004年の「バスティオン」の様子
■トランプ氏はキューバへの経済制裁の継続を主張
アメリカとキューバは1960年代の冷戦時代から長きにわたって対立してきたが、オバマ大統領は「雪解け」政策を進め、2015年7月には54年ぶりに国交を回復。経済制裁の一部を解除し、アメリカ大統領として88年ぶりにキューバを訪問するなど両国間の融和を演出してきた。
これに対し、トランプ氏は大統領選を通じてオバマ氏の対キューバ政策を厳しく批判。キューバの経済制裁を解除すべきではないと訴えていた。
また、次期副大統領となるマイク・ペンス氏も10月にフロリダ州マイアミで、「キューバが真の自由を得たのを見届けるまで、キューバに対する経済制裁の継続を支持する」と発言している。
AP通信によると、キューバの軍事演習「バスティオン」は過去7度実施され、いずれもアメリカとの緊張関係が高まったタイミングだった。初回は1980年にアメリカ大統領選でロナルド・レーガン氏が選出された直後に実施された。
▼キューバの軍事演習「バスティオン」画像集▼
キューバの軍事演習「バスティオン」
CUBA-MILITARY/(01 of28)
Cuban soldiers gesture from a truck during ongoing war games in an undisclosed location November 28, 2009. Cuba began its biggest military manoeuvres in five years, saying they were needed to prepare for a possible invasion by the United States. The war games, called \"Bastion 2009,\" also will get the military ready to deal with social unrest the United States may try to foment in this time of economic crisis in Cuba, ahead of an invasion, Cuba\'s state-run press quoted military leaders saying. REUTERS/Desmond Boylan (CUBA MILITARY) (credit:Desmond Boylan / Reuters)
CUBA-MILITARY/(02 of28)
A Cuban soldier gestures from a truck during ongoing war games in an undisclosed location November 28, 2009. Cuba began its biggest military manoeuvres in five years, saying they were needed to prepare for a possible invasion by the United States. The war games, called \"Bastion 2009,\" also will get the military ready to deal with social unrest the United States may try to foment in this time of economic crisis in Cuba, ahead of an invasion, Cuba\'s state-run press quoted military leaders saying. REUTERS/Desmond Boylan (CUBA MILITARY) (credit:Desmond Boylan / Reuters)
CUBA-MILITARY/(03 of28)
A Cuban soldier carries signalling flags on a military truck with artillery during ongoing war games in an undisclosed location November 28, 2009. Cuba began its biggest military manoeuvres in five years, saying they were needed to prepare for a possible invasion by the United States. The war games, called \"Bastion 2009,\" also will get the military ready to deal with social unrest the United States may try to foment in this time of economic crisis in Cuba, ahead of an invasion, Cuba\'s state-run press quoted military leaders saying. REUTERS/Desmond Boylan (CUBA MILITARY) (credit:Desmond Boylan / Reuters)
CUBA-MILITARY/(04 of28)
Cuban soldiers hold their assault rifles in a military truck during ongoing war games in an undisclosed location November 28, 2009. Cuba began its biggest military manoeuvres in five years, saying they were needed to prepare for a possible invasion by the United States. The war games, called \"Bastion 2009,\" also will get the military ready to deal with social unrest the United States may try to foment in this time of economic crisis in Cuba, ahead of an invasion, Cuba\'s state-run press quoted military leaders saying. REUTERS/Desmond Boylan (CUBA MILITARY) (credit:Desmond Boylan / Reuters)
CUBA-MILITARY/(05 of28)
Cuban soldiers take a break on a BRDM-2 armored vehicle during ongoing war games in an undisclosed location November 28, 2009. Cuba began its biggest military manoeuvres in five years, saying they were needed to prepare for a possible invasion by the United States. The war games, called \"Bastion 2009,\" also will get the military ready to deal with social unrest the United States may try to foment in this time of economic crisis in Cuba, ahead of an invasion, Cuba\'s state-run press quoted military leaders saying. REUTERS/Desmond Boylan (CUBA MILITARY) (credit:Desmond Boylan / Reuters)
CUBA-MILITARY/(06 of28)
A Cuban soldier mans the entrance of a military base in Havana November 26. Cuba began its biggest military maneuvers in five years on Thursday, saying they were needed to prepare for a possible invasion by the United States, the war games, which are being called \"Bastion 2009,\" also will get the military ready to deal with social unrest the United States may try to foment in this time of economic crisis in Cuba, ahead of an invasion, they said. REUTERS/Desmond Boylan (CUBA MILITARY) (credit:Desmond Boylan / Reuters)
CUBA MILITARY(07 of28)
A Cuban soldier participates in civilian-military exercises inear Havana, on December 17, 2004. The Bastion 2004 exercises, to be held across Cuba from December 13 to 19, will be a show of preparedness so that Washington does not underestimate Cuba\'s defense capability. Bastion 2004 is the latest annual mass drill involving troop exercises with civilian involvement, based on a guerrilla strategy designed to resist an invasion force. Cuba\'s government repeatedly warns its population of the danger of being next in line for a U.S. invasion after Iraq. Picture taken December 17, 2004. REUTERS/Ismael Francisco/AIN CD (credit:Reuters Photographer / Reuters)
CUBA MILITARY EXERCISES(08 of28)
Cuban soldiers participate in civilian-military exercises in Santiago de Cuba, December 14, 2004. The Bastion 2004 exercises, to be held across Cuba from December 13 to 19, will be a show of preparedness so that Washington does not underestimate Cuba\'s defense capability. Bastion 2004 is the latest annual mass drill involving troop exercises with civilian involvement based on a guerrilla strategy designed to resist an invasion force. Cuba\'s government repeatedly warns its population of the danger of being next in line for a U.S. invasion after Iraq. REUTERS/AIN/Silvio Arencibia CD/JDP (credit:Reuters Photographer / Reuters)
CUBA MILITARY(09 of28)
Militia members of Cuba\'s special forces participate in civilian-military exercises near Havana, on December 17, 2004. The Bastion 2004 exercises, to be held across Cuba from December 13 to 19, will be a show of preparedness so that Washington does not underestimate Cuba\'s defense capability. Bastion 2004 is the latest annual mass drill involving troop exercises with civilian involvement, based on a guerrilla strategy designed to resist an invasion force. Cuba\'s government repeatedly warns its population of the danger of being next in line for a U.S. invasion after Iraq. Picture taken December 17, 2004. REUTERS/Randy Rodriguez/AIN CD (credit:Reuters Photographer / Reuters)
CUBA MILITARY EXERCISES(10 of28)
Cuban soldiers pretend to arrest an enemy during civilian-military exercises in Santiago de Cuba, December 14, 2004. The so-called Bastion 2004 exercises, to be held across Cuba from December 13 to 19, will be a show of preparedness so that Washington does not underestimate Cuba\'s defense capability. Bastion 2004 is the latest annual mass drill involving troop exercises with civilian involvement based on a guerrilla strategy designed to resist an invasion force. Cuba\'s government repeatedly warns its population of the danger of being next in line for a U.S. invasion after Iraq. REUTERS/AIN/Silvio Arancibia CD (credit:Reuters Photographer / Reuters)
CUBA MILITARY EXERCISES(11 of28)
Cuban soldiers participate in civilian-military exercises in Santiago de Cuba, December 14, 2004. The Bastion 2004 exercises, to be held across Cuba from December 13 to 19, will be a show of preparedness so that Washington does not underestimate Cuba\'s defense capability. Bastion 2004 is the latest annual mass drill involving troop exercises with civilian involvement based on a guerrilla strategy designed to resist an invasion force. Cuba\'s government repeatedly warns its population of the danger of being next in line for a U.S. invasion after Iraq. REUTERS/AIN/Silvio Arencibia CD/JDP (credit:Reuters Photographer / Reuters)
CUBA MILITARY EXERCISES(12 of28)
Cuban reservists stand in a tunnel during civilian-military exercises in Havana, December 13, 2004. The so-called Bastion 2004 exercises, to be held across Cuba from December 13 to 19, will be a show of preparedness so that Washington does not underestimate Cuba\'s defense capability. Bastion 2004 is the latest annual mass drill involving troop exercises with civilian involvement based on a guerrilla strategy designed to resist an invasion force. Cuba\'s government repeatedly warns its population of the danger of being next in line for a U.S. invasion after Iraq. PICTURE TAKEN DECEMBER 13 REUTERS/Randy Rodriguez/AIN CD (credit:Reuters Photographer / Reuters)
CUBA MILITARY EXERCISES(13 of28)
Cuban soldiers train on Dec.15,2004 in East of Havana, Cuba. Defense Minister Raul Castro said last week that the large scale civilian-military exercises called Operation Bastion are designed to deter the United States from attacking the island. (AP Photo/Randy Rodriguez Pages/AIN Cuban State-Agency) (DIGITAL IMAGE) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
CUBA MILITARY EXERCICES(14 of28)
Cuban soldiers train on Dec.15, 2004 in East of Havana, Cuba. Defense Minister Raul Castro said last week that the large scale civilian-military exercises called Operation Bastion are designed to deter the United States from attacking the island. (AP Photo/Randy Rodriguez Pages/AIN Cuban State-Agency) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
CUBA MILITARY EXERCICES(15 of28)
Cuban soldiers train on Tuesday Dec.14, 2004 in Santiago, Cuba. Defense Minister Raul Castro said last week that the large scale weeklong civilian-military exercises called Operation Bastion are designed to deter the United States from attacking the island. (AP Photo/Silvio Arencibia Escalona/ AIN Cuban Agency) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
CUBA ARMY(16 of28)
Cuban soldiers are shown during a military exercise in this Nov.27, 2001 photo in the Managua military base near Havana, Cuba. This Monday, Dec.13, 2004 the Cuban government is holding a nationwide civil defense exercise \"Strategic Bastion 2004,\" aimed at preparing civilians for military attack. (AP Photo/Jose Goitia) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
CUBA ARMY(17 of28)
In this May 1, 1993 photo Cuba was going through the worst economic crisis of its history. This Monday, Dec.13, 2004 the Cuban government is holding a nationwide civil defense exercise \"Strategic Bastion 2004,\" aimed at preparing civilians for military attack. (AP Photo/Jose Goitia) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
CUBA-DEFENCE-BASTION 2013(18 of28)
Members of the Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces (FAR), Militia of Territorial Troops (MTT) and Production and Defence Brigade (BPD), take part in the Bastion 2013 military exercises in Cabaiguan, Sancti Spiritus, Cuba on November 20, 2013. Bastion 2013 has the aim of preparing the island to defend from foreign agressions. AFP PHOTO / AIN - Oscar ALFONSO (Photo credit should read Oscar ALFONSO/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:AFP via Getty Images)
CUBA-DEFENCE-BASTION 2013(19 of28)
Members of the Light Infantry Company of the Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces (FAR), take part in the Bastion 2013 military exercises in Las Tunas, Cuba on November 19, 2013. Bastion 2013 has the aim of preparing the island to defend from foreign agressions. AFP PHOTO / AIN - Yaciel PEÃA (Photo credit should read YACIEL PEÃA/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:AFP via Getty Images)
CUBA-DEFENCE-BASTION 2013(20 of28)
Members of an Infantry Company of the Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces (FAR), receive weapons as part of the Bastion 2013 military exercises in Ciego de Avila province, Cuba on November 19, 2013. Bastion 2013 has the aim of preparing the island to defend from foreign agressions. AFP PHOTO / AIN - Osvaldo GUTIERREZ (Photo credit should read Osvaldo GUTIERREZ/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:AFP via Getty Images)
Members of the Cuban army reserves take(21 of28)
Members of the Cuban army reserves take part in a military excercise called Bastion-2009 in Havana on November 29, 2009. Cuban President Raul Castro on November 28 supervised the island\'s biggest war games since 2004 in a bid to boost the country\'s ability to repel a US attack. Bastion-2009 is the first Cuban military exercise since US President Barack Obama took office. AFP PHOTO/STR (Photo credit should read STR/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:STR via Getty Images)
Members of the Cuban army special troops(22 of28)
Members of the Cuban army special troops and reserves take part in a military excercise called Bastion-2009 in Havana on November 29, 2009. Cuban President Raul Castro on November 28 supervised the island\'s biggest war games since 2004 in a bid to boost the country\'s ability to repel a US attack. Bastion-2009 is the first Cuban military exercise since US President Barack Obama took office. AFP PHOTO/STR (Photo credit should read STR/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:STR via Getty Images)
A member of the Cuban army reserves take(23 of28)
A member of the Cuban army reserves takes part in a military excercise called Bastion-2009 in Havana on November 29, 2009. Cuban President Raul Castro on November 28 supervised the island\'s biggest war games since 2004 in a bid to boost the country\'s ability to repel a US attack. Bastion-2009 is the first Cuban military exercise since US President Barack Obama took office. AFP PHOTO/STR (Photo credit should read STR/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:STR via Getty Images)
Members of the Cuban army special troops(24 of28)
Members of the Cuban army special troops and reserves take part in a military excercise called Bastion-2009 in Havana on November 29, 2009. Cuban President Raul Castro on November 28 supervised the island\'s biggest war games since 2004 in a bid to boost the country\'s ability to repel a US attack. Bastion-2009 is the first Cuban military exercise since US President Barack Obama took office. AFP PHOTO/STR (Photo credit should read STR/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:STR via Getty Images)
Members of the Cuban army special troops(25 of28)
Members of the Cuban army special troops and reserves take part in a military excercise called Bastion-2009 in Havana on November 29, 2009. Cuban President Raul Castro on November 28 supervised the island\'s biggest war games since 2004 in a bid to boost the country\'s ability to repel a US attack. Bastion-2009 is the first Cuban military exercise since US President Barack Obama took office. AFP PHOTO/STR (Photo credit should read STR/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:STR via Getty Images)
Guantanamo Naval Base Endures As U.S. Military Bastion On Communist Cuba(26 of28)
GUANTANAMO BAY, CUBA - OCTOBER 29: A U.S. Navy sailor carries brush while helping clear grounds for a Christmas display October 29, 2009 at the U.S. Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. The base, currently best known for hosting the military prison that houses terrorists and terror suspects, is the oldest U.S. base overseas and the only one in a Communist country. After the expected close of the prison in 2010, the base will endure as resupply port for American and allied naval vessels in the Caribbean as well as remain as a strong symbol of American military power in the region. The base is spread over 45 miles of land and water on Cuba\'s southeastern corner and was originally leased from Cuba in 1903. A treaty between the United States and Cuba\'s Batista government in 1934 granted the United States a permanent lease for $4,085 per year. The base has had a tumultuous and often tense relationsip with the Castro government since the Cuban revolution, although relations have steadily improved in the last two years. (Photo by John Moore/Getty Images) (credit:John Moore via Getty Images)
A Cuban tank officer gives instructions(27 of28)
HAVANA, CUBA: A Cuban tank officer gives instructions to the crew during the biggest maneuvers held in Cuba in the last 20 years, 13 December 2004. During six days Cuba\'s armed forces are gearing up for the military exercises \'Bastion 2004\', with hundreds of thousands of troops and millions of civilians expected to take part in the exercise.AFP PHOTO/AIN (Photo credit should read HO/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:AFP via Getty Images)
Cuban soldiers wait in a tunnel to go ou(28 of28)
HAVANA, CUBA: Cuban soldiers wait in a tunnel to go out to a training field in Havana, during the biggest maneuvers held in Cuba in the last 20 years, 13 December 2004. During six days Cuba\'s armed forces are gearing up for the military exercises \'Bastion 2004\', with hundreds of thousands of troops and millions of civilians expected to take part in the exercise. AFP PHOTO/AIN (Photo credit should read HO/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:AFP via Getty Images)
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