「ダコタ・アクセス・パイプライン」抗議デモで女性が重傷、当局の釈明に反発強まる

「無謀な活動家たちによるものだ」

アメリカ・ノースダコタ州とイリノイ州を結ぶ石油パイプライン「ダコタ・アクセス・パイプライン」の建設をめぐり、建設ルート近くの居留地に住むアメリカ先住民スタンディングロック・スー族が抗議デモを続けている。

11月21日、抗議デモに参加した女性ソフィア・ウィランスキー(21)さんに、治安部隊が使用した衝撃手榴弾が直撃したとみられ、腕を切断するかもしれない重傷を負った。ノースダコタ州保安官事務所は、ケガの原因が衝撃手榴弾ではなく、デモ参加者が持ち込んだ自家製の爆発物が誤爆したと説明している。

22日付けの地元紙モンタナ・スタンダード紙に、2人の目撃者たちの証言が掲載されている。彼らは、保安官事務所の説明に反論している。

モンタナ・スタンダードによると、治安部隊は20日夜から21日午前にかけて、氷点下の温度の中、高圧放水砲でデモ参加者たちに水を浴びせた。ソフィアさんは警官たちと対峙して、バリケードの近くに立っていたという。

「その女性はゴム弾で攻撃され、倒れました」と、目撃者のアロンゾ・ウィリスさん(23)はモンタナ・スタンダードに語った。「それから、警察はパーカッション・グレネード(衝撃手榴弾)を投げ、それが彼女の腕に命中したんです」

「彼女に当たって、『ブーン!』という音を立て、暴風で彼女は吹き飛ばされました」と、ウィリスさんは証言した。

ウィリスさんの友人、イサイア・アザー・ブルも同様の証言をしている。2人の証言は、 ソフィアさんの怪我の写真画像と共に、ネット上で拡散した説明と一致している。

「娘は、治安部隊が衝撃手榴弾を自分に投げつけてきたのを見た」と、ソフィアさんの父ウェイン・ウィランスキーさんは22日、ソフィアさんが搬送されたミネアポリス病院の外で報道陣に語った。この病院で彼女は、腕の切断を回避するため外科手術を繰り返している。

モートン郡保安官事務所は、パイプライン建設に抗議する先住民から人権侵害の申し立てを受けている。しかし、今回の爆発は「無謀な活動家たちによるもの」と説明している。

「治安部隊はデモ参加者たちが橋の上で、円筒形のものを作動させ、それが爆発するのを目撃していた。その直後、数人の抗議者たちがその橋の爆発現場まで走ってきて、女性を運び去った」と同保安官事務所は、Facebookに投稿していた。

この投稿には、事務所が発見したと主張する、「一度現場から片付けられた、手製の爆発物とみられるもの」の写真も掲載され(現在は削除されている)、次のように主張していた。

手製の爆破装置を使ったデモ参加者たちが21日午前3時頃にバックウォーター橋で爆発を引き起こした。警察はデモ参加者たちがその橋で円筒形のものを作動させ、それが爆発するのを目撃していた。その直後、数人の参加者がその橋の爆発現場まで走ってきて、負傷した女性を運び去った。いったんその現場は片付けられ、捜査員は橋を調べ、その橋の上で爆発するように、急ごしらえで作ったとみられる重さ1ポンドのコールマンプロパンタンクを発見した。治安部隊にに向けて投げられた爆破装置(IED)と石の写真は、こちらを参照

ノースダコタ州ハイウェイパトロールの報道官は、治安部隊がデモ隊に暴力行使したこと否定している。ソフィアさんのケガは、「配置された治安部隊の動きと一致しておらず、彼らが使用した道具や武器と直接関連しない」と語った。

治安部隊とパイプライン建設反対派との衝突は数多く発生し、最近は頻度が増している。デモ参加者ではなく、自らを「水の保護者」と呼ぶ500人以上の人々が、モートン郡保安官事務所に逮捕されている。

スタンディングロック・スー族とその支持者たちは、ノースダコタ州のミズーリ川の下を横断する形で建設される予定の長さ1172マイル(約1886キロ)のパイプラインに対し、居留地と水資源と近接しているとして反対している。スタンディングロック・スー族はまた、この建設計画は1851年に調印された居留地を設定する「ララミー砦条約」にも違反すると主張している。

この建設計画は現在、宙に浮いた状態だ。オバマ政権は、パイプラインの所有者「エナジー・トランスファー・パートナー」に、争点となっている地域の建設許可を撤回した。政府関係者は、アメリカ陸軍工兵司令部によってなされた最初の承認が、適切であるかどうかを精査している。

このパイプラインは、ノースダコタ州のバッケン油田からイリノイ州まで、原油 57万バレルを輸送することになっている。エナジー・トランスファー・パートナー社は、トラックや列車で原油を輸送するよりもパイプラインの方がはるかに安全だと主張してきた。ケルシー・ウォーレンCEOは、今回のパイプライン建設で先住民の墓地や水資源を荒らすことはないと主張し、計画ルートの変更を拒否している。

ウォーレンCEOは、ドナルド・トランプ次期大統領はこの建設計画を完了させる許可を与えてくれるだろう、という見通しを立てている。

ハフィントンポストUS版より翻訳・加筆しました。

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NORTH-DAKOTA-PIPELINE(01 of30)
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Two people share a hug in the Oceti Sakowin camp during a protest against plans to pass the Dakota Access pipeline near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, near Cannon Ball, North Dakota, U.S. November 26, 2016. REUTERS/Stephanie Keith (credit:Stephanie Keith / Reuters)
NORTH-DAKOTA-PIPELINE(02 of30)
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The Oceti Sakowin camp is seen during a protest against plans to pass the Dakota Access pipeline near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, near Cannon Ball, North Dakota, U.S. November 26, 2016. REUTERS/Stephanie Keith (credit:Stephanie Keith / Reuters)
NORTH-DAKOTA-PIPELINE(03 of30)
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People participate in a prayer march near Turtle Island during a protest against plans to pass the Dakota Access pipeline near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, near Cannon Ball, North Dakota, U.S. November 26, 2016. REUTERS/Stephanie Keith (credit:Stephanie Keith / Reuters)
NORTH-DAKOTA-PIPELINE(04 of30)
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A family from the Cheyenne River tribe plays together near Turtle Island during a protest against plans to pass the Dakota Access pipeline near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, near Cannon Ball, North Dakota, U.S. November 26, 2016. REUTERS/Stephanie Keith (credit:Stephanie Keith / Reuters)
NORTH-DAKOTA-PIPELINE(05 of30)
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A man from the Havasupai tribe blesses people participating in a prayer circle near Turtle Island during a protest against plans to pass the Dakota Access pipeline near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, near Cannon Ball, North Dakota, U.S. November 26, 2016. REUTERS/Stephanie Keith (credit:Stephanie Keith / Reuters)
NORTH-DAKOTA-PIPELINE(06 of30)
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The Oceti Sakowin camp is seen at sunrise during a protest against plans to pass the Dakota Access pipeline near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, near Cannon Ball, North Dakota, U.S. November 2, 2016. REUTERS/Stephanie Keith (credit:Stephanie Keith / Reuters)
NORTH DAKOTA-PIPELINE/(07 of30)
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The Oceti Sakowin camp is seen at night during a protest against plans to pass the Dakota Access pipeline near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, near Cannon Ball, North Dakota, U.S. November 25, 2016. REUTERS/Stephanie Keith (credit:Stephanie Keith / Reuters)
NORTH DAKOTA-PIPELINE/(08 of30)
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A man stokes a fire in the Oceti Sakowin camp during a protest against plans to pass the Dakota Access pipeline near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, near Cannon Ball, North Dakota, U.S. November 25, 2016. REUTERS/Stephanie Keith (credit:Stephanie Keith / Reuters)
NORTH DAKOTA-PIPELINE/(09 of30)
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A person stands near a river during a protest against plans to pass the Dakota Access pipeline near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, near Cannon Ball, North Dakota, U.S. November 25, 2016. REUTERS/Stephanie Keith (credit:Stephanie Keith / Reuters)
NORTH DAKOTA-PIPELINE/(10 of30)
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A protester paddles his canoe near barbed wire placed around Turtle Island during a protest against plans to pass the Dakota Access pipeline near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, near Cannon Ball, North Dakota, U.S. November 25, 2016. REUTERS/Stephanie Keith (credit:Stephanie Keith / Reuters)
NORTH DAKOTA-PIPELINE/(11 of30)
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A protester reacts to the new barbed wire placed around Turtle Island during a protest against plans to pass the Dakota Access pipeline near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, near Cannon Ball, North Dakota, U.S. November 25, 2016. REUTERS/Stephanie Keith (credit:Stephanie Keith / Reuters)
NORTH DAKOTA-PIPELINE/(12 of30)
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A protester reacts to the new barbed wire placed around Turtle Island during a protest against plans to pass the Dakota Access pipeline near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, near Cannon Ball, North Dakota, U.S. November 25, 2016. REUTERS/Stephanie Keith (credit:Stephanie Keith / Reuters)
NORTH DAKOTA-PIPELINE/(13 of30)
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A protester cries while watching a demonstration on Turtle Island on Thanksgiving day during a protest against plans to pass the Dakota Access pipeline near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, near Cannon Ball, North Dakota, U.S. November 24, 2016. REUTERS/Stephanie Keith TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY (credit:Stephanie Keith / Reuters)
NORTH DAKOTA-PIPELINE/(14 of30)
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Chenae Bullock from the Shinnecock tribe poses for a photograph during a protest against plans to pass the Dakota Access pipeline near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, near Cannon Ball, North Dakota, U.S. November 24, 2016. REUTERS/Stephanie Keith (credit:Stephanie Keith / Reuters)
NORTH DAKOTA-PIPELINE/(15 of30)
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Protesters participate in a prayer circle on Turtle Island on Thanksgiving day during a protest against plans to pass the Dakota Access pipeline near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, near Cannon Ball, North Dakota, U.S. November 24, 2016. REUTERS/Stephanie Keith (credit:Stephanie Keith / Reuters)
NORTH DAKOTA-PIPELINE/(16 of30)
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Protesters block a route 6 in Mandan on Thanksgiving day during a protest against plans to pass the Dakota Access pipeline near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, North Dakota, U.S. November 24, 2016. REUTERS/Stephanie Keith (credit:Stephanie Keith / Reuters)
NORTH DAKOTA-PIPELINE/(17 of30)
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Protesters raise a banner on Turtle Island on Thanksgiving day during a protest against plans to pass the Dakota Access pipeline near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, near Cannon Ball, North Dakota, U.S. November 24, 2016. REUTERS/Stephanie Keith (credit:Stephanie Keith / Reuters)
NORTH DAKOTA-PIPELINE/(18 of30)
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Horse riders return to an encampment during a protest against plans to pass the Dakota Access pipeline near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, near Cannon Ball, North Dakota, U.S. November 23, 2016. REUTERS/Stephanie Keith (credit:Stephanie Keith / Reuters)
NORTH DAKOTA-PIPELINE/(19 of30)
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Bedushia Nicholi, 57, a Yup\'ik Eskimo from Lower Kalskag, Alaska poses for a photograph in front of the information board in an encampment during a protest against plans to pass the Dakota Access pipeline near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, near Cannon Ball, North Dakota, U.S. November 23, 2016. REUTERS/Stephanie Keith (credit:Stephanie Keith / Reuters)
Oil Pipeline Protest(20 of30)
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In this image provided by Morton County Sheriffâs Department, law enforcement and protesters clash near the site of the Dakota Access pipeline on Sunday, Nov. 20, 2016, in Cannon Ball, N.D. The clash came as protesters sought to push past a bridge on a state highway that had been blockaded since late October, according to the Morton County Sheriff\'s Office. (Morton County Sheriffâs Department via AP) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Oil Pipeline Protest(21 of30)
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In this image provided by Morton County Sheriffâs Department, law enforcement and protesters clash near the site of the Dakota Access pipeline on Sunday, Nov. 20, 2016, in Cannon Ball, N.D. The clash came as protesters sought to push past a bridge on a state highway that had been blockaded since late October, according to the Morton County Sheriff\'s Office. (Morton County Sheriffâs Department via AP) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Trump-Oil Pipeline(22 of30)
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FILE - In this Monday, Nov. 21, 2016, file photo, protesters against the Dakota Access oil pipeline stand on a burned-out truck near Cannon Ball, N.D., that they removed from a long-closed bridge a day earlier on a state highway near their camp in southern North Dakota. President-elect Donald Trump holds stock in the company building the disputed Dakota Access oil pipeline, and pipeline opponents warn that Trumpâs investments could undercut any decision he makes on the $3.8 billion project as president. (AP Photo/James MacPherson, File) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Oil Pipeline Protest(23 of30)
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Daniel Kanahele, a native Hawaiian, blows a conch shell on Monday, Nov. 21, 2016, near Cannon Ball, N.D., at the site of the protest in southern North Dakota against the Dakota Access oil pipeline. Kanahele joined the protest last week. He said he blows the conch shell to \"summon the spirits.\" He said he wears a trash bag and goggles to protect himself against tear gas and water sprays, two tactics used by officers to turn back what they say are unruly protesters. (AP Photo/James MacPherson) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Oil Pipeline Protest(24 of30)
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A burned-out truck is seen Monday, Nov. 21, 2016, where protesters against the Dakota Access oil pipeline removed it from from a long-closed bridge on a state highway near Cannon Ball, N.D., close to their camp in southern North Dakota. Their efforts led to the latest skirmish between protesters and law officers late Sunday and early Monday. (AP Photo/James MacPherson) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Oil Pipeline Protest(25 of30)
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In this image provided by Morton County Sheriffâs Department, law enforcement and protesters clash near the site of the Dakota Access pipeline on Sunday, Nov. 20, 2016, in Cannon Ball, N.D. The clash came as protesters sought to push past a bridge on a state highway that had been blockaded since late October, according to the Morton County Sheriff\'s Office. (Morton County Sheriffâs Department via AP) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Oil Pipeline Protest(26 of30)
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In this image provided by Morton County Sheriffâs Department, law enforcement and protesters clash near the site of the Dakota Access pipeline on Sunday, Nov. 20, 2016, in Cannon Ball, N.D. At least one person arrested as protesters sought to push past a bridge on a state highway that had been blockaded since late October. (Morton County Sheriffâs Department via AP) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Dakota Access Pipeline Protest(27 of30)
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CANON BALL, ND - NOVEMBER 26: The Oceti Sakowin Camp on the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation in Canon Ball, North Dakota on November 26, 2016. The Army Corp of Engineers announced they will be removing the camp on December 5th on Saturday, displacing the estimated ten thousand people who are currently inhabiting the grounds. (Photo by Seth McConnell/The Denver Post via Getty Images) (credit:Seth McConnell via Getty Images)
Dakota Access Pipeline Protest(28 of30)
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CANON BALL, ND - NOVEMBER 26: People walk down Highway 1806 pass the Oceti Sakowin Camp on the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation in Canon Ball, North Dakota on November 26, 2016. The Army Corp of Engineers announced they will be removing the camp on December 5th on Saturday, displacing the estimated ten thousand people who are currently inhabiting the grounds. (Photo by Seth McConnell/The Denver Post via Getty Images) (credit:Seth McConnell via Getty Images)
Dakota Access Pipeline Protest At Standing Rock(29 of30)
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CANNON BALL, ND - NOVEMBER 25: Water protectors sing in opposition to police lining the hill top on Turtle Island in Cannon Ball, ND near Standing Rock on Nov. 25, 2016, during an ongoing dispute over the building of the Dakota Access Pipeline. (Photo by Jessica Rinaldi/The Boston Globe via Getty Images) (credit:Boston Globe via Getty Images)
Dakota Access Pipeline Protest At Standing Rock(30 of30)
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CANNON BALL, ND - NOVEMBER 24: Water protectors join hands in prayer at the end of the day\'s protest as police line the hill at Standing Rock on Nov. 24, 2016, during an ongoing dispute over the building of the Dakota Access Pipeline. (Photo by Jessica Rinaldi/The Boston Globe via Getty Images) (credit:Boston Globe via Getty Images)

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