「デング熱」蚊の拡大で心配される「ホームレス差別」の広がり

デング熱を媒介する蚊はいったいどこにいるのか。どういうルートで感染が広がったのか。テレビも新聞もこのニュースでもちきりだ。現在、デング熱のウィルスを持ったヒトスジシマ蚊の存在が確認されているのは最初の感染者を出した東京の代々木公園。そしてそこから1キロ離れた新宿中央公園でもウィルスを持った蚊が見つかった。さらに他の公園でも・・・? という疑念が広がっている。

デング熱を媒介する蚊はいったいどこにいるのか。

どういうルートで感染が広がったのか。

テレビも新聞もこのニュースでもちきりだ。

現在、デング熱のウィルスを持ったヒトスジシマ蚊の存在が確認されているのは最初の感染者を出した東京の代々木公園。そしてそこから1キロ離れた新宿中央公園でもウィルスを持った蚊が見つかった。

さらに他の公園でも・・・? という疑念が広がっている。

デング熱 周辺の公園でも蚊の調査へ(NHK)

先週、東京・渋谷の代々木公園を訪れていた男女3人がおよそ70年ぶりに国内でデング熱に感染したことが確認されて以降、代々木公園やその周辺を訪れ、最近1か月以内の海外への渡航歴がない人の感染の報告が全国で相次いでいます。

5日は代々木公園を訪れたことがない埼玉県の30代の男性の感染が初めて確認されました。

男性は、先月、東京・新宿区の新宿中央公園で蚊に刺されて感染したとみられるということです。

男性と、代々木公園で感染した患者のウイルスの遺伝子配列が一致していることから、厚生労働省は海外から入ってきたウイルスを持った蚊に代々木公園で刺された人が新宿中央公園に移動し、別の蚊に刺され、その蚊がほかの人を刺すことで感染が広がった可能性があるとしています。

出典:NHKニュースウェブ

デング熱 公園の制限、新宿・横浜も 感染源どう移動?(朝日新聞)

蚊を媒介して感染するデング熱でまた、都会の憩いの場への立ち入りが制限された。東京都立代々木公園(渋谷区)とその周辺に続き、1キロ離れた新宿中央公園(新宿区)が感染源になった疑いが強まり、新宿区は公園の入り口を塞いだ。横浜市も公園の一部の利用を中止し、影響は都心から首都圏へと広がった。

■新宿中央公園 滝の水を抜き、催しは中止

東京都庁など高層ビルが並ぶ新宿副都心の一角で、市民の憩いの場として親しまれる新宿中央公園。デング熱のウイルスが潜む可能性が5日朝発覚し、新宿区は午後から22カ所ある公園の入り口に鉄製の柵を立て、立ち入りを制限した。園内3カ所にある滝の水は、蚊の発生源になるため、すべて抜き取られた。

出典:朝日新聞デジタル

代々木公園。

そして

新宿中央公園。

この2つの場は実は単なる緑が多い公園というだけではない。

ホームレス支援をやったことがある人、あるいは私のように取材などでホームレスにかかわった人間ならピンとくる場所だ。

ホームレスの人たちがベンチやテントなどで睡眠を取って生活している空間なのだ。

特に新宿中央公園は、毎週土曜日に支援団体の手でおおがかりな炊き出し(路上生活の人たちへの食事の提供ボランティア)が行われていて、夕方には公園の外の新宿駅など周辺のホームレスたちなども集まる場所になっている。

心配されるのは、蚊の駆除や蚊いよる感染拡大を防ぐために、公園を「利用停止」にしたり、「立ち入り制限」をしたりする、というニュースは流れているが、公園を利用してきたホームレスの人たちがどうなるのか、という視点の報道がないことだ。

そもそも、今朝のNHKニュースの解説を見ると、代々木公園でウィルス蚊にさされて感染した人物が新宿中央公園で蚊にさされたことでウィルス蚊が新宿中央公園にも広がった、とみられているという。

代々木公園にもいて、新宿中央公園にもいて、という人物像として、ホームレス支援団体の人間がすぐ思い浮かべるのはホームレスの人たちだろう。彼らは公園を移動して歩くからだ。

そうなると、ホームレスの人たちの感染は大丈夫なのか。

発熱している人はいないのか。

ホームレスに関して、朝日新聞デジタルには、以下のような記述がある。

新宿区職員は5日夕、園内の草木が生い茂る場所を中心に殺虫剤をまき、蚊の駆除を始めた。園内にいるホームレスの人たちの健康状態を聞き取り、福祉施設などへの移動も促した。日頃から昼食などで公園を使う近くの会社員の女性(33)は「明日からは虫よけスプレーも必要ですね」と話した。

出典:朝日新聞デジタル

健康状態の聞き取りはもちろんいいが、「福祉施設などへの移動も促した」というのは強引な形で進められていることはないのか。

都の公園当局は一般的に様々な口実をつけては、公園内にいるホームレスの人たちを追い出しにかかろうとする。

公園にいるホームレス。河川敷にいるホームレス。地下街にいるホームレス・・・。

その人たちを「見えないところ」に追いやろうとする。 テントを壊したりで文字通り「力づく」でやることもあるので支援団体は「強制排除」などと呼んでいる。

そこで彼らが追いやられる「福祉施設」は、ホームレスの緊急一時宿泊施設や自立支援施設などという美名はあるものの、多人数相部屋でプライバシーも確保されず、シラミがたかるベッドなど劣悪な施設もあることから、一度経験するともう入りたくないと嫌がる人たちが少なくない。 また、集団生活が苦痛な人も少なくない。

デング熱がホームレスの人たちの強制排除の口実になっていることはないのか。

ネット上での言論を読んでみると「ホームレスが感染源」「野放しにするな」「隔離しろ」などという、差別的な書き込みが早くも始まっている。

つまり、デング熱は、無責任なホームレス差別につながりかねないのだ。

ホームレスの支援団体も、報道機関もそうした差別や偏見を拡大しないように、十分に目を光らせて欲しい。

デング熱感染を防ぐために「福祉施設への移動」が一時的には避けられないにせよ、本人の意志や納得、理解の上でのことなのかは確認しておく必要がある。支援団体などはそこを注視して欲しい。

もちろん、都の当局があらかじめ悪意を持って強引なことを押し進めようとしているのだと言いたいわけではない。

もし、ホームレスの人たちの存在がウィルスを持った蚊を増殖させた可能性が科学的にあるのなら、抜本的なデング熱防止策を作る必要があるだろう。

ただ、こうした緊急時には、かつての関東大震災での朝鮮人虐殺のように、ふだん人々が心の奥底に抱いている差別意識が一気に顔を覗かせることがある。

ホームレスへの心ない襲撃が相次いでいることからも今回のデング熱騒動はとても気にかかる。

そうしたことへの弱者の権利侵害への警戒を怠ってはいけない。

新宿中央公園で今夜、予定されている炊き出しは、滞りなく行われるのだろうか。

そんなことを気にして報道してくれる記者がいて欲しい。

(2014年9月6日「yahoo!個人」より転載)

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Children Deaths At Muzaffarnagar Riots Relief Camps(34 of34)
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MUZAFFARNAGAR, INDIA - DECEMBER 1: Shehnaaz, 34, and husband Mohd. Shehzad, 38, show a local newspaper cutting which carried the photograph of their son who died because of dengue at Loi camp on December 1, 2013 in Muzaffarnagar, India. More than 50 children and many old age people have died because of cold and lack of medical facilities in the relief camps set up for Muzaffarnagar riots victims. (Photograph by Raj k Raj/Hindustan Times via Getty Images) (credit:Hindustan Times via Getty Images)