【気候変動】5月の世界気温、観測史上最高 記録破りの暑さが継続

2015年5月の世界の平均気温は1880年の観測開始以来、5月としては史上最高を記録した。
Open Image Modal
Indian children play near parked boats on the banks of river Ganges where water level has dried up in the summer in Allahabad, India, Wednesday, June 3, 2015. Light to moderate rainfall in various parts of the country brought respite from the scorching sun but heat wave claimed many lives in the southern Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, raising the overall death toll to more than 2,000 since mid-April. (AP Photo/Rajesh Kumar Singh)
ASSOCIATED PRESS

2015年5月の世界の平均気温は1880年の観測開始以来、5月としては史上最高を記録した。アメリカ海洋大気庁が6月18日に発表したデータで明らかになった。

この新たな気象データによって記録破りの暑さが続いていることが明らかになった。科学者にとっては世界の気温がじわじわと上昇している証拠を得たことになる。

アメリカ海洋大気庁の発表は、ローマ・カトリック教会のフランシスコ法王が気候変動についての(全司教に送付する)回勅を公表した日と重なった。

ローマ法王は、地球が「ますます、おびただしい汚染物質の山のように見え始めている」と全司教に伝えた。

アメリカ海洋大気庁によると、5月の世界の平均気温は摂氏15.65度に達し、2014年に記録された5月としての最高気温を塗り替えた。5月として3番目に高い気温は2010年、4番目は2012年にそれぞれ記録された。

この記事はハフポストUS版に掲載されたものを翻訳しました。

環境に関する13の驚きの事実
(01 of12)
Open Image Modal
地上にある水の量は一定で、ずっと循環している。あなたが飲んだ水は、かつて恐竜を潤したものかもしれない。 (credit:Shutterstock / Facts sourced from the book \"1,227 Quite Interesting Facts to Knock Your Socks Off.\")
(02 of12)
Open Image Modal
毎日2万7000本の木が、トイレットペーパーを作るために切り倒されている。 (credit:Shutterstock / Facts sourced from the book \"1,227 Quite Interesting Facts to Knock Your Socks Off.\")
(03 of12)
Open Image Modal
紙は6回しかリサイクルできない。その後は繊維が弱くなってしまう。 (credit:Shutterstock / Facts sourced from the book \"1,227 Quite Interesting Facts to Knock Your Socks Off.\")
(04 of12)
Open Image Modal
地震を予測する科学的な方法はまだ存在しない。 (credit:Shutterstock / Facts sourced from the book \"1,227 Quite Interesting Facts to Knock Your Socks Off.\")
(05 of12)
Open Image Modal
catという言葉の起源であるラテン語「catulus」は、小さな犬という意味だった。 (credit:Shutterstock / Facts sourced from the book \"1,227 Quite Interesting Facts to Knock Your Socks Off.\")
(06 of12)
Open Image Modal
アゴがあるのは人間と象だけだ。 (credit:Shutterstock / Facts sourced from the book \"1,227 Quite Interesting Facts to Knock Your Socks Off.\")
(07 of12)
Open Image Modal
ビーバーのまぶたは透明だ。水中で目を閉じたままでも、まわりが見える。\n (credit:Shutterstock / Facts sourced from the book \"1,227 Quite Interesting Facts to Knock Your Socks Off.\")
(08 of12)
Open Image Modal
タコには心臓が3つある。 (credit:Shutterstock / Facts sourced from the book \"1,227 Quite Interesting Facts to Knock Your Socks Off.\")
(09 of12)
Open Image Modal
世界にいるアリすべての重量は、全人類の重量とだいたい同じだ。 (credit:Shutterstock / Facts sourced from the book \"1,227 Quite Interesting Facts to Knock Your Socks Off.\")
(10 of12)
Open Image Modal
タイガーシャーク(イタチザメ)は胎生だが、胎児は歯が生えるとすぐに子宮のなかで互いを攻撃しあう。 (credit:Shutterstock / Facts sourced from the book \"1,227 Quite Interesting Facts to Knock Your Socks Off.\")
(11 of12)
Open Image Modal
世界には1200種類のコウモリいる。どの種類も目が見える。 (credit:Shutterstock / Facts sourced from the book \"1,227 Quite Interesting Facts to Knock Your Socks Off.\")
(12 of12)
Open Image Modal
イルカは、2時間ごとに表皮がはがれおち新しくなる。 (credit:Shutterstock / Facts sourced from the book \"1,227 Quite Interesting Facts to Knock Your Socks Off.\")
Climate Change: 10 Beautiful Places Under Threat
Alaska(01 of09)
Open Image Modal
The impacts of climate warming in Alaska are already occurring, experts have warned. \n\nOver the past 50 years, temperatures across Alaska increased by an average of 3.4°F. \n\nWinter warming was even greater, rising by an average of 6.3°F jeopardising its famous glaciers and frozen tundra.
Venice(02 of09)
Open Image Modal
The most fragile of Italian cities has been sinking for centuries. Long famous for being the city that is partially under water, sea level rise associated with global warming would have an enormous impact on Venice and the surrounding region. \n\nThe Italian government has begun constructing steel gates at the entrances to the Venetian lagoon, designed to block tidal surges from flooding the city. However, these barriers may not be enough to cope with global warming.
Antarctica (03 of09)
Open Image Modal
The West Antarctic Peninsula is one of the fastest warming areas on Earth, with only some areas of the Arctic Circle experiencing faster rising temperatures. \n\nOver the past 50 years, temperatures in parts of the continent have jumped between 5 and 6 degrees F— a rate five times faster than the global average.\n\nA 2008 report commissioned by WWF warned that if global temperatures rise 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit (2 degrees Celsius) above pre-industrial averages, sea ice in the Southern Ocean could shrink by 10 to 15 percent.
The Great Barrier Reef(04 of09)
Open Image Modal
The rapid decline of the world\'s coral reefs appears to be accelerating, threatening to destroy huge swathes of marine life unless dramatic action is swiftly taken, leading ocean scientists have warned. \n\nAbout half of the world\'s coral reefs have already been destroyed over the past 30 years, as climate change warms the sea and rising carbon emissions make it more acidic.
The Himalayas(05 of09)
Open Image Modal
The world\'s highest mountain range contains the planet\'s largest non-polar ice mass, with over 46,000 glaciers. \n\nThe mammoth glaciers cross eight countries and are the source of drinking water, irrigation and hydroelectric power for roughly 1.5 billion people. And just like in Antarctica, the ice is melting.\n
The Maldives(06 of09)
Open Image Modal
An expected 2°C rise in the world’s average temperatures in the next decades will impact island economies such as the Maldives with extreme weather patterns and rising sea levels.
The Alps(07 of09)
Open Image Modal
Over the last century, global warming has caused all Alpine glaciers to recede. Scientists predict that most of the glaciers in the Alps could be gone by 2050. \n\nGlobal warming will also bring about changes in rain and snowfall patterns and an increase in the frequency of extreme meteorological events, such as floods and avalanches, experts have warned.
The Arctic(08 of09)
Open Image Modal
The Arctic is ground zero for climate change, warming at a rate of almost twice the global average. \n\nThe sea ice that is a critical component of Arctic marine ecosystems is projected to disappear in the summer within a generation.
Micronesia and Polynesia(09 of09)
Open Image Modal
Called the \"epicenter of the current global extinction,\" by Conservation International, this smattering of more than 4,000 South Pacific islands is at risk from both local human activity and global climate change.\n

【関連記事】