「イスラム国」空爆作戦で、アメリカ製兵器の需要が急増している

米国主導の有志連合による過激派組織「イスラム国」空爆作戦の強化などを背景に、米国製精密誘導兵器の需要が急増し、対応する関連メーカーの負担が高まりつつある。
Open Image Modal
Reuters

[ワシントン 4日 ロイター] - 米国主導の有志連合による過激派組織「イスラム国」空爆作戦の強化などを背景に、米国製精密誘導兵器の需要が急増し、対応する関連メーカーの負担が高まりつつある。米政府当局者や業界幹部が明らかにした。

米国製精密誘導兵器は、第1次湾岸戦争で初めて実戦で使用されて以降、世界的な需要が着実に上向いてきた。しかし米国とその同盟国は今や、シリアをはじめとして中東各地に紛争の種をまき散らすイスラム国との長い闘いのために、十分な誘導兵器を安定して調達できる環境を確保する必要が出てきた。

複数の米政府当局者によると、メーカーは工場のシフトを増やし、増員にも動いているものの、生産設備能力の限界に直面しており、今後工場を拡張するか新規に設立しなければならない可能性が出てきた。これは時間がかかる一方、足元で同盟国から米政府の売却承認手続きが遅すぎるとの懸念も広がっている中で、この先に誘導兵器の供給制約がさらに強まる恐れもある。

イスラム国のパリ同時攻撃で有志連合は空爆作戦の拡大を迫られ、2日時点での総攻撃回数は8605回に達した。

またサウジアラビアが中心となるペルシャ湾岸諸国はイエメンでイランの支援を受けた反政府勢力への空爆を実施しているほか、シリアでは反アサド政権を掲げる武装勢力に米国製兵器の供給も行っている。

ある米メーカー幹部は「中東地域ではだれもが5─10年分の誘導弾の予備を蓄積したいと口にしている。これは(イスラム国に対する)気の長い闘いだ」と語った。

影響が顕著に出ているのは、ロッキード・マーチン

ただ同社は2月に、2020年までに従業員を240人増やし、工場も拡張すると表明している。

国防総省の兵器調達責任者フランク・ケンドール氏はロイターに対して、ヘルファイアミサイルはとりわけ強い引き合いがあると語った。

他の多くのミサイルに比べて6万─10万ドルという単価はそれほど高額ではなく、軍用機からヘリコプター、艦艇まで幅広いプラットフォームから発射できて、装甲車両を破壊したり建物内に突入させられるという特徴がある。

ケンドール氏や他の政府高官は、ロッキードやレイセオン

米国の外国向け兵器売却承認総額は、9月までの2015年度で前年度の約340億ドルから36%増の466億ドルになった。米国の同盟国向け精密誘導兵器の承認額は35億ドルから60億ドルに増加した。

今年だけでも米政府は韓国、パキスタン、サウジ、レバノン、フランス、イタリア、英国へのヘルファイア売却を承認。6月には米陸軍がロッキードに、11月までにヘルファイアの生産ペースを毎月500から650に引き上げるよう要請した。

ある米国務省高官は「ヘルファイアは実質的に供給の順番待ちが起きている。十分なスピードで届けられない」と話した。

ケンドール氏によると、ボーイングが手掛けるJDAM(無誘導弾に精密誘導能力を付加する装置)に対する需要も強い。JDAMはずっとイスラム国攻撃に使われている。

先月には国務省がサウジに対して、2万2000を超えるJDAMとその他精密誘導爆弾を12億9000万ドルで売却することを承認した。

ボーイングは7月、セントルイスにある工場でJDAMの生産ペースを引き上げて米軍や他の25カ国強の需要に対応すると発表した。

やはり精密誘導兵器製造で最大手クラスのレイセオンは、ミサイル生産活動についてコメントを拒否した。

ケンドール氏は、同社がアリゾナ州タスカンに持つ大型のミサイル製造工場は生産を拡大する可能性があるとの見方を示した。

もっともケンドール氏は、一部の工場は既に生産能力が上限に達していて、拡張には数年かかるケースもあると指摘。米政府が事情によっては設備や機械の更新コスト軽減のための資金支援をする可能性があると述べた。

ISISの女性
Twins Salma and Zahra Halane(01 of10)
Open Image Modal
The 16-year-old schoolgirls from Chorlton, Manchester, followed their brother who had also gone to fight in Syria. \n\nThey are now married to ISIS fighters, and told a reporter for their local paper that they spend most of their time indoors, leaving only with their husbands. Both twins, the daughters of Somali refugees, had achieved excellent GCSE results, 23 grades A*-C between them at Whalley Range High School for Girls. \n\nA twitter account linked to one of the twins shows a woman in a burka, with an AK47. It appears the account has since been removed.
Khadijah Dare aka Muhajirah fi Sham(02 of10)
Open Image Modal
Khadijah Dare, a mother of one originally from Lewisham, has engaged in active recruitment of women for Isis. She left Britain in 2012 to live in Syria with her Swedish husband.\n\nWriting on Twitter under her name Muhajirah fi Sham, which means immigrant in Syria, Dare praised the killing of US journalist James Foley, saying: “Any links 4 da execution of da journalist plz. Allahu Akbar. UK must b shaking up ha ha. I wna b da 1st UK woman 2 kill a UK or US terorrist!(sic)”.\n\nIn a recruitment video for the group, the 22-year-old can be seen firing an AK47, calling on Brits to come and fight. “Instead of sitting down and focusing on your families or focusing on your studies, you need to stop being selfish because time is ticking,\" she said.
Aqsa Mahmood aka Umm Layth (03 of10)
Open Image Modal
Umm Layth was a prolific tweeter until she was identified in the press as 20-year-old Glaswegian Aqsa Mahmood.\n\nIn her tweets, she urged Muslim men and women who could not come to fight to instead commit terrorist atrocities at home, praising the brutal murder of Drummer Lee Rigby in Woolwich, the bombing of the Boston Marathon and the shooting of soldiers at Fort Hood in Texas. \"If you cannot make it to the battlefield, then bring the battlefield to yourself,\" she tweeted.\nMahmood, who is now married to an Isis fighter, attended the prestigious Craigholme School and was studying radiography at Glasgow Caledonian University when she left for Syria. Her family reported her missing to police in November 2013.\nDespite praising al Qaeda terrorists and encouraging more attacks, her tweets betray her Westernised roots. One asks for someone to \"make a Hijrah [pilgrimage] from Scotland already and bring me Irn-Bru.” \nShe also tweeted with delight at receiving European food, including Pringles crisps and Nutella.\n

@UmmLayth_: Surely after difficulty there is ease *_* #5StarJihad pic.twitter.com/gp8RmWTuR9” yep only in #shaam

— Umm Farriss (@UmmAnwar_) March 20, 2014
\n
Al Khanssaa(04 of10)
Open Image Modal
A close friend of Aqsa and a Brit of Somalian heritage, Khanssaa is described on Twitter as the \"cook of the house\" in Raqqa where several girls live. She tweets them offering up Nutella pancakes. Unlike many of the other girls who have tweeted about how their families disapprove of their mission to Syria, Khanssaa said she is following in the footsteps of her father who left her family to fight a holy war, though she does not specify where.\n\n

My father left for jihad with 3 children under the age of 4 & a wife 9 months pregnant and brothers stay behind because its hard to leave..?

— أم عبيدة (@Al_Khanssaa) August 26, 2014
\n
Umm Anwar / Umm Farris(05 of10)
Open Image Modal
With the black flag of Isis as her profile picture, Umm Anwar, who also goes by the name Umm Farris, is one of the four British girls married to an Islamic State fighters who has only recently been identified by researchers. \nShe is believed to be based in Raqqa, and recently said she was surprised to discover a ‘Yazidi slave girl’ from Iraq in a home she visited. As well as retweeting praise for Islamic State fighters and the Caliphate, she mentions shopping and joking with her friends in the city while her husband fights.\n\n

Shopping with @GreenBirds22 in raqqah and she goes "this is racist" pic.twitter.com/CJMxTD4jfC

— Umm Farriss (@UmmAnwar_) August 28, 2014
\n
GreenBirds22(06 of10)
Open Image Modal
Though much of her account extols the virtue of jihad, the third member of the British girl gang in Raqqa peppers her tweets with English slang, like ‘ain’t’ and calls her fellow ISIS wives ‘babesss’. Going under the name \'Black Banners\' on Twitter, where her profile picture includes Osama Bin Laden, she suggested she is the second wife of a fighter\nShe tweets about being “bored” in Raqqa and asks her friends repeatedly to meet up and visit her. Her twitter also includes retweets of beautiful pictures and Vines, including a sunset at the Golden Gate bridge, San Francisco, and a comedy sketch about accidentally dropping a cookie in milk.
UkhtiB(07 of10)
Open Image Modal
A close friend of Anwar, the pair joke about their shopping habits on Twitter, arrange lifts, drink smoothies and cook each other food. \n\nHer background is unclear, but she hints that her family disapprove of her being in Syria, tweeting: “Your family will be the biggest test for you once you make Hijrāh. They\'re either with you or without you.”\n\nMuch of her feed consists of retweets of local fighters and of Islamic sayings, as well as graphic pictures of the dead from Iraq, Syria and Gaza.
Umm Talib(08 of10)
Open Image Modal
The fourth member of the group of girls in Raqqa, who calls herself Qad Af-Iahal Shuhada, has a son with her, and is believed to be from London or the south of England, having tweeted about leaving her Oyster card in the pocket of her abaya, a type of female Muslim covering, while she put it in the watch. \nA foodie, she recently retweeted a recipe for Vietnamese chicken with avocado and lemongrass spring rolls, then messaged her friend to tell her she was cooking for them. Other tweets include a picture of the girls out for dinner in Raqqa, eating hummus and pita with chilli and vegetables.\n\n

Eating right now in raqqah mmm pic.twitter.com/fEKnO4cKjr

— Qad Af-lahal Shuhada (@Umm_Talib) August 22, 2014
\n\n
Umm Khattab(09 of10)
Open Image Modal
One of the most prolific tweeters amongst the women in Isis is a British 18-year-old who goes under the twitter handle @UmmKhattab, who has tweeted about previously being based in the town of Manbij, close to Aleppo, tweeting sunsets from the rooftops, but has recently moved to Raqqa. \n\n\"Best thing ive done in my 18 years in this world is come to the blessed land of shaam and leave Britain the land of kuffar,\" she posted in June.\n\nAnd she tweeted a dim view of the UK\'s plan to strip returning jihadists of their citizenship. \"Uk government are funny im not returning to ur dirty society which has no moral values y\'all r all uncivilised and need islam to liberate u,\" she wrote.\n\n

The black flag is not only limited to iraq and shaam in sha Allah it shall fly over 10 downing st

— :) (@UmmKhattab__) July 10, 2014
\n\n
Sally Jones aka Umm Hussain al-Britani(10 of10)
Open Image Modal
Formerly a rock musician in a local band, the 45-year-old mother-of-two from Chatham, Kent, is believed to have converted to Islam to marry a British Isis fighter Junaid Hussain. The couple are reported to have moved to Raqqa, leaving her children behind.\nHer Twitter account under the name Umm Hussain al-Britani, contains threats like \"You Christians all need beheading with a blunt knife and stuck on the railings at Raqqa... Come here I\'ll do it for you.\"