エジプトのモルシ前大統領に禁錮20年 死刑を回避した政府の狙いは

エジプトの裁判所は4月21日、2013年7月3日の軍事クーデターで追放されたムハンマド・モルシ元大統領に禁錮20年の判決を言い渡した。
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Egypt's deposed Islamist president Mohamed Morsi waves from inside the defendants cage during his trial at the police academy in Cairo on January 8, 2015. An Egyptian court is to deliver a verdict on April 21 in the trial of Morsi and 14 others charged with inciting the killing of protesters, judicial officials said. AFP PHOTO / STR (Photo credit should read STR/AFP/Getty Images)
STR via Getty Images

エジプトの裁判所は4月21日、2013年7月3日の軍事クーデターで追放されたムハンマド・モルシ元大統領に禁錮20年の判決を言い渡した。AP通信などが報じた。

エジプトの検察は、デモ隊の殺害を扇動した罪やデモ参加者への拷問に関与した罪で死刑を求刑していた。今回の判決では殺人煽動罪では無罪となったが拷問罪での禁錮刑となった。エジプト軍出身のシシ大統領政権の意向を受け、国際社会の批判をかわすため死刑を回避したとみられる。

ワシントン・ポストによると、モルシ前大統領は2011年に起こった中東の民主化運動「アラブの春」で、30年にわたる長期政権を築いていたホスニ・ムバラク大統領の退陣を受け、エジプトで初めて行われた民主的な選挙で大統領に選ばれた。モルシ大統領は「アラブの春」でムバラク元大統領退陣で主導的役割を果たした穏健派のイスラム組織「ムスリム同胞団」の出身で、政権運営もムスリム同胞団出身を積極的に登用した。

しかし、経済の立て直しが遅れて民衆の不満が高まった上に、エジプト軍が縮小させた大統領権限の拡大を試みたことから軍部の反感を買い、2013年7月3日の軍事クーデターで失脚した。モルシ前大統領は2012年12月の反モルシ政権デモの際に、デモ参加者の殺害を扇動した罪で訴追された。2013年6月には、ムスリム同胞団の指導者や支持者183人に対して死刑判決が言い渡されている。

エジプト モルシ大統領裁判
Mideast Egypt(01 of12)
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FILE - In this May 8, 2014 file photo, Egypt\'s ousted Islamist President Mohammed Morsi sits in a defendant cage in the Police Academy courthouse in Cairo, Egypt. On Tuesday April 21, 2015, an Egyptian criminal court sentenced Morsi to 20 years in prison over the killing of protesters in 2012, the first verdict to be issued against the leader. The case stems from violence outside the presidential palace in December 2012. (AP Photo/Tarek el-Gabbas, File) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Mideast Egypt(02 of12)
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Egypt\'s ousted Islamist President Mohammed Morsi sits in a soundproof glass cage inside a makeshift courtroom at Egyptâs national police academy in Cairo, Egypt, Tuesday, April 21, 2015. An Egyptian criminal court on Tuesday, sentenced Morsi to 20 years in prison over the killing of protesters in 2012, the first verdict to be issued against the countryâs first freely elected leader. Under the current army chief-turned-politician Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi, thousands of Morsiâs supporters are facing mass trials that end with mass death sentences, sparking international condemnation. (AP Photo/Amr Nabil) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Mideast Egypt(03 of12)
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Egypt\'s ousted Islamist President Mohammed Morsi sits in a soundproof glass cage inside a makeshift courtroom at Egyptâs national police academy in Cairo, Egypt, Tuesday, April 21, 2015. An Egyptian criminal court on Tuesday, sentenced Morsi to 20 years in prison over the killing of protesters in 2012, the first verdict to be issued against the countryâs first freely elected leader. (AP Photo/Amr Nabil) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
EGYPT-POLITICS-TRIAL-MORSI(04 of12)
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Egypt\'s former Islamist president Mohamed Morsi gestures from the defendent\'s cage during his trial at a court in the capital, Cairo, on April 21, 2015. An Egyptian court sentenced Morsi to 20 years over abuses of protesters but acquitted him of charges that would have seen the Islamist leader face the death penalty. AFP PHOTO / MOHAMED EL-SHAHED (Photo credit should read MOHAMED EL-SHAHED/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:MOHAMED EL-SHAHED via Getty Images)
EGYPT-POLITICS-TRIAL-MORSI(05 of12)
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Egypt\'s former Islamist president Mohamed Morsi gestures from the defendent\'s cage during his trial at a court in the capital, Cairo, on April 21, 2015. An Egyptian court sentenced Morsi to 20 years over abuses of protesters but acquitted him of charges that would have seen the Islamist leader face the death penalty. AFP PHOTO / MOHAMED EL-SHAHED (Photo credit should read MOHAMED EL-SHAHED/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:MOHAMED EL-SHAHED via Getty Images)
Mideast Egypt(06 of12)
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Egypt\'s ousted Islamist President Mohammed Morsi waves from a defendant cage in the Police Academy courthouse during a court hearing in Cairo, Egypt, Monday, Sept. 15, 2014. Morsi is charged with conspiring with foreign groups, inciting the murder of his opponents, orchestrating prison breaks during the 2011 uprising that toppled his predecessor, Hosni Mubarak, and leaking secret documents to Qatar via the Doha-based Al-Jazeera broadcaster. (AP Photo/Ahmed Omar) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Mideast Egypt(07 of12)
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Brandishing the four-fingered symbol of the Rabaah that refers to the deadly dispersal of supporters of former Egyptian President Mohammed Morsi in August 2013, senior Muslim brotherhood leader Essam el-Erian, center left, and their spiritual leader Mohammed Badie, center right, appear in a courtroom cage accompanied by a policeman in Cairo, Egypt, Saturday, Aug. 30, 2014. The Egyptian court sentenced Badie and seven others including el-Erian to life in prison Saturday on charges of planning riots, murder and sabotage in a case stems from violence that took place last summer after Morsi was overthrown. Badie has been sentenced to death and to life in prison in two other cases but can still appeal. (AP Photo/Mohammed Abu Zeid) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Mideast Egypt(08 of12)
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Members of the banned Muslim Brotherhood enter a courtroom brandishing the four-fingered sign symbolizing the sit-in at Cairo\'s Rabaah al-Adawiya mosque, where hundreds were killed last August, in Cairo, Egypt, Saturday, July 5, 2014. Egyptian judicial officials say a Cairo court has upheld death sentences against 10 members of the Brotherhood and sentenced 38 others to life, including the spiritual leader of the Islamist group. Saturday\'s verdicts are part of an ongoing crackdown against Islamists that began after the military\'s ouster last year of President Mohammed Morsi, who hails from the Brotherhood. (AP Photo/Mostafa Elshemy) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Mideast Egypt(09 of12)
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FILE - In this file photo taken Saturday, March 29, 2014, supporters of Egypt\'s ousted President Mohammed Morsi charged with violence chant slogans against the Egyptian military during a trial in court in Alexandria, Egypt. An Egyptian court sentenced 10 supporters of ousted President Mohammed Morsi\'s Muslim Brotherhood movement to death in absentia Saturday, June 7, on charges of inciting violence and blocking a road last July. (AP Photo/Heba Khamis, File) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
EGYPT-POLITCS-MORSI-TRIAL(10 of12)
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Egypt\'s deposed Islamist president Mohamed Morsi (L) and former presidential chief of staff Rafaa el-Tahtawi, sit inside the defendants cage during his trial at the police academy in Cairo on October 14, 2014. Morsi is on trial in several cases and faces a death sentence if convicted of espionage and terrorism related charges. AFP PHOTO / STR (Photo credit should read STR/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:STR via Getty Images)
EGYPT-POLITCS-MORSI-TRIAL(11 of12)
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Egypt\'s deposed Islamist president Mohamed Morsi gestures inside the defendants cage during his trial at the police academy in Cairo on October 14, 2014. Morsi is on trial in several cases and faces a death sentence if convicted of espionage and terrorism related charges. AFP PHOTO / STR (Photo credit should read STR/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:STR via Getty Images)
EGYPT-POLITICS-UNREST-TRIAL-MORSI(12 of12)
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Egypt\'s deposed Islamist president Mohamed Morsi, charged along with 130 others of plotting attacks and escaping from prison in 2011, sits inside the defendants cage during his trial at the police academy in Cairo on August 18, 2014. Morsi and several leaders from his Muslim Brotherhood have been put on trial on charges that could lead to the death penalty. AFP PHOTO / STR (Photo credit should read STR/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:STR via Getty Images)

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