5万人もの客が、自分で食費を稼ぎながら2週間もパーティーに参加できるだろうか？
これは誇張した表現ではない。これは、オリンピック関係者が実際にリオデジャネイロで直面している大きな問題に類似しているリオでは5万人以上のボランティアが、感謝されることもない無給の仕事と引き換えに、せめてボランティアとして適切に組織され、食事どきには食べ物にありつけることを必要としていた。しかし結局、オリンピックが開幕して1週間ほどで1万5000人ほどが姿を消した。
リオオリンピック大会組織委員会は資金難に陥り、多くのボランティアが活動を断念している。現地会場の中には、予定していたボランティアの約2割しかいなかったところもあったと、組織委員会のマリオ・アンドラーダ報道官は認めている（ただしAP通信によると、全体的にはボランティアの参加率は70％を超えていると、組織委員会の関係者が語っている）。
カナダの放送局CBCによると、ルイス・モレイラさんは、オリンピックには参加する価値がないと判断したボランティアの一人だ。モレイラさんは、コパカバーナのバレーボール会場で観戦者の道案内を手伝ったが、その後活動を辞退した。
「多くのボランティアが辞めざるを得なかったのです。スケジュールがめちゃくちゃで、2週間ぶっ続けで働かなければならなかったからです。多くの人が、食事のせいで辞めました。だって、8時間、9時間働くように言われているのに、支給されたのはお菓子が少しだけだったんです」と、モレイラさんは語った。
アーチェリー会場のボランティア
「組織委員会が、ボランティアの生活や福利厚生に十分配慮したとは、私には思えません」とモレイラさんは言う。「まるで組織委員会が、私たちに無理な願いを通しているかのようです。委員会は金を稼ぐためにボランティアを使い、無料の労働力として、私たちを使っているのです」
国際オリンピック委員会（IOC）は、無報酬のボランティアの尽力がなければオリンピックの開催は不可能だと認識している。しかしボランティア活動の基準が、公平に扱われているとは言いがたい。
何万人のボランティアが底辺で頑張っている一方、トーマス・バッハ会長を含むIOCの役員も、自らを「無報酬のボランティア」と名乗っているのに、全く不自由な生活をしていない。バッハ会長は、給料はもらっていないが、それでも年間25万ドルの手当を得ている。
体操競技の決勝を観戦するトーマス・バッハ会長（左）。右はモントリオールオリンピック金メダリストのナディア・コマネチさん
IOC役員会の14人の各メンバーもまた、厳密に言えば「無報酬」のはずなのに、オリンピックでの3週間、彼らが貢献したからといって、2万ドルを超える額の手当が支給される。 さらに役員は宿泊、食事、大会の最上席が自由に利用できる。
ハフポストUS版より翻訳・加筆しました。
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戦前のオリンピック
Danish Gymnasts(01 of84)
Danish gymnasts at the 1908 London Olympics. (credit:Topical Press Agency via Getty Images)
Ile de France Paris: Athletes Tennis: the brothers Hugh and Reginald Doherty (GB) together won the men's double. Hugh became Olympic champion in the men's single competition where Reginald won the thi(02 of84)
(GERMANY OUT) Ile de France Paris: Athletes Tennis: the brothers Hugh and Reginald Doherty (GB) together won the men\'s double. Hugh became Olympic champion in the men\'s single competition where Reginald won the third place. - 1900 - Vintage property of ullstein bild (Photo by ullstein bild/ullstein bild via Getty Images) (credit:ullstein bild via Getty Images)
Olympic Games 1904 'Barrel jumping' - one of the sports at the 1904 olympics in St. Louis - 1904(03 of84)
(GERMANY OUT) Olympic Games 1904 \'Barrel jumping\' - one of the sports at the 1904 olympics in St. Louis - 1904 (Photo by ullstein bild/ullstein bild via Getty Images) (credit:ullstein bild via Getty Images)
1908 Summer Olympics(04 of84)
Last American to win an Olympic games marathon title was Johnny Hayes who raced past the Italian runner Orando in the home stretch to finish first in the 1908 games in London, England. Hayes is seen in his hey day as a distance runner. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Olympic Games 1908 London(05 of84)
(credit:ullstein bild via Getty Images)
Gymnast Display(06 of84)
Danish gymnasts at the 1908 London Olympics. (credit:Topical Press Agency via Getty Images)
Pole Vaulter(07 of84)
Pole vaulting at the Olympic Games in White City, London. (credit:Topical Press Agency via Getty Images)
Gym Horse(08 of84)
A female gymnast from the Danish team warming up on the pommel horse at the Olympic Games held in London in 1908. (credit:Topical Press Agency via Getty Images)
Danish Gymnast(09 of84)
A Danish gymnast at the Olympic Games in Shepherd Bush, London. (credit:Topical Press Agency via Getty Images)
Albert Zürner(10 of84)
(GERMANY OUT) Sportler, Kunstspringen, Turmspringen D(Stern Hamburg)Olympiasieger 1908 in London und Zweiterbei der Olympiade 1912 in Stockholm- im Schwimmdress von Stern Hamburg beider Ausführung einer Schraube- 1910 (Photo by ullstein bild/ullstein bild via Getty Images) (credit:ullstein bild via Getty Images)
Olympic Hurdling(11 of84)
25th July 1908: Forrest Smithson (2R) of the USA on his way to winning the 110-meter hurdles final at the 1908 London Olympics. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images) (credit:Hulton Archive via Getty Images)
Dorando Pietri(12 of84)
Italian athlete Dorando Pietri (1885 - 1942) approaches the White City Stadium at the end of the marathon, during the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, 24th July 1908. Despite being the first to the finish line, he was disqualified for having been physically supported at the end of the race. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images) (credit:Hulton Archive via Getty Images)
Triple Dive(13 of84)
24th July 1908: Three divers in mid-air action during a diving display at the 1908 London Olympics. (Photo by Topical Press Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Topical Press Agency via Getty Images)
Olympic Cyclists(14 of84)
17th July 1908: The British Cycling Pursuit Team who won the Gold Medal at the 1908 London Olympics over a distance of 1810.5 metres (later to become 4000 metres), (left to right) Leonard Meredith, Ernest Payne, Charles Kingsbury, Benjamin Jones. (Photo by Topical Press Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Topical Press Agency via Getty Images)
Olympic Archers(15 of84)
15th July 1908: Women archers participating in the National Round (60 yards -50 yards) at the 1908 London Olympics, which was won by Sybil \'Queenie\' Newall of Great Britain. (Photo by Topical Press Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Topical Press Agency via Getty Images)
Mens Olympic Swimming Team(16 of84)
(Original Caption) 1912-Stockholm, Sweden: American men\'s swimming team is shown at the Olympic Gaems in Sweden. They are each wrapped in a large towel. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Olympic 1500 Metres(17 of84)
July 1912: In practice for the 1500 Metres at the 1912 Stockholm Olympics with (left to right) R D Clarke, Craig Moore and Arnold Jackson of Great Britain. Jackson went on to win the Gold Medal in the Final. (Photo by Topical Press Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Topical Press Agency via Getty Images)
Olympia 1912 Stockholm(18 of84)
(GERMANY OUT) Turmspringen Damen: - Die Siegerin Greta Johanson (S) während des Sprungs vom Turm (li) - 1912 (Photo by ullstein bild/ullstein bild via Getty Images) (credit:ullstein bild via Getty Images)
1920 Summer Olympics(19 of84)
Charles (Charley) Paddock, second from right, of the USA wins the 100 meters final with his famous \"flying finish\" at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium. Morris Kirksey, far right, of the USA was second, and Jackson Scholz of USA, left, was fourth. Third place Harry Edward not shown. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Men's Gymnast Group at Olympics(20 of84)
(Original Caption) 9/7/1920-Antwerp, Belgium- Picture shows a men\'s gymnast group in a configuration outside at the Olympics. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Picture taken in the mid '30s of Spanish goalkeepe(21 of84)
PARIS, FRANCE - JANUARY 1: Picture taken in the mid \'30s of Spanish goalkeeper Ricardo Zamora, who played for Espanyol de Barcelona (1916-1919 and 1922-1930), FC Barcelona (1919-1922) and Real Madrid (1930-1936). Zamora won 2 Spanish championships (1932, 1933) and 5 Spanish Cups (1920, 1922, 1929, 1934, 1936) in his career. Selected 46 times with the national soccer team, Zamora participated in the Olympic final in 1920 in Antwerp and reached the quarterfinals in the World Cup in 1934 in Italy. AFP PHOTO (Photo credit should read STAFF/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:STAFF via Getty Images)
Female US Olympic Athletes at Antwerp(22 of84)
(Original Caption) 11/5/1920-Antwerp, Belgium- Picture shows a group of US Olympic Athletes posing together in their uniforms. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
French Tennis Star Suzanne Lenglen(23 of84)
(Original Caption) 8/30/1920-Antwert,Germany- Mlle. Suzanne Lenglen, famous French woman tennis star who retained her title as the World\'s Champion Woman Player in the singles of the Olympic games in Antwerp. This photo of the popular French girl was made on the courts at Antwerp after she had captured the final event. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Frank K. Foss Winning the Pole Vault Competition(24 of84)
(Original Caption) This is the 1920 Olympics at Antwerp, Belgium with F. K. Foss winning the Pole Vault. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Games of the VII Olympiad(25 of84)
ANTWERP, BELGIUM - APRIL 20: Suzanne Lenglen of France competes in the Women?s tennis event during the VII Olympic Games circa April of 1920 in Antwerp, Belgium. (Photo by Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images via Getty Images)
US Olympic Swimmers of 1920(26 of84)
Aileen Riggin, Gertrude Ederle, and Helen Wainright stand in their Olympic team uniforms and hold American flags, after returning from the 1920 Olympics in Antwerp. (Photo by Library of Congress/Corbis/VCG via Getty Images) (credit:Library of Congress via Getty Images)
Olympics Antwerp Opening Ceremony(27 of84)
(Original Caption) 1920: Scene at the Olympic Games at Antwerp, Belgium - Line up of teams of various countries at opening ceremony. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Athletes(28 of84)
23rd August 1929: Harold M Abrahams (1899 - 1978) (right) who won a 100 metre gold medal in the 1924 Paris Olympics as told in the film \'Chariots of Fire\' talking to German runner Dr Peltzernthe at Battersea Park, London. (Photo by Puttnam /Topical Press Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Puttnam via Getty Images)
Harold Abrahams(29 of84)
30th September 1929: Harold Maurice Abrahams, (1899 - 1978), British sprinter and long-jumper enjoying a round of golf at Hythe. Abrahams is famous for winning the 100m gold medal at the 1924 Olympics at Paris, the first Briton to do so, whose feat was later immortalised in the film Chariots of Fire (1981). (Photo by Topical Press Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Topical Press Agency via Getty Images)
1924 Summer Olympics(30 of84)
Finnish runner Paavo Nurmi leads the pack in a track event during the 1924 Olympics in Paris, France, July 1924. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
1924 Summer Olympics(31 of84)
The U.S. and Romanian rugby teams during a match in the 1924 Olympics, July 1924. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Lewden of France During the High Jump(32 of84)
(Original Caption) 7/16/1924-Paris, France- Pierre Lewden, the phenomenal French jumper, who in spite of his small stature dogged the trail of Osborn of the US in the high jumps until Osborn passed the 1 meter and 95 centimeter mark. Lewden is shown making the 1.95 meter height with graceful ease. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Sam, Dave and Duke Kahanamoku(33 of84)
Hawaii\'s trio of great swimmers, Sam, Dave and Duke Kahanamoku at the Paris tank for the Olympic elimination swimming trials, Paris, France, July 16, 1924. (Photo by Underwood Archives/Getty Images) (credit:Underwood Archives via Getty Images)
Oly 1924 Paris Leichtathletik(34 of84)
(GERMANY OUT) Querfeldeinlauf, Einzel- und Mannschaftswertung in einem Lauf: - Noch führt der Schwede Edvin Wide (li Nr. 746) vor Ville Ritola (SF Nr. 329) und Paavo Nurmi (verdeckt dahinter). Am Ende gewinnt Nurmi vor Ritola, die Finnen gewinnen auch Gold mit der Mannschaft. (Photo by ullstein bild/ullstein bild via Getty Images) (credit:ullstein bild via Getty Images)
1924 American Olympic Swimmers(35 of84)
(Original Caption) Paris, France: Ellen Wainwright, Ruth Thomas, and Martha Norelius, American girl swimmers. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Sybil Bauer Practicing Swimming(36 of84)
(Original Caption) 7/1/1924- Olympic athletes train on ship. Sybil Bauer, world champion woman backstroke swimmer, practices in the tank. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Helene Mayer Holding a Foil(37 of84)
(Original Caption) Helene of Modern Troy is Greatest Swordswoman. Claremont, California: Helene Mayer, formerly of Germany, and now a resident of Los Angeles, and a student at Scripps College here, is in practice for her 1934 Battles at Arms. Miss Mayer is, perhaps, the greatest woman fencer of all time. She became champion of Germany in 1924 when she was only 13. And in 1927, she became Queen of all Europe. Then she won the 1928 Olympic title at Amsterdam and in 1933, she won the American championship. She is an international exchange student at Scripps College and is majoring in International Law and French. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
OLY1924-SHOT-HOUSER(38 of84)
US athlete Clarence Houser puts the shot during the Olympic Games in Paris, July 1924 where he won the gold medal in both the discus and shot put events. Clarence Houser won his second gold title in the discus competition at the Olympic Games in Amsterdam in 1928. (Photo credit should read -/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:AFP via Getty Images)
Dhyan Chand Practicing(39 of84)
(Original Caption) Greatest Hockey Player of 1928 Olympics, Again Playing for India. Los Angeles, California: Dhyan Chand, acknowledged, in 1928, to be the world\'s greatest hockey player, and who is again a member of the Indians Olympic Ho key team, the team from India who won the Olympic hockey title in Amsterdam, in 1928 and hope to repeat at Los Angeles this year. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Olympic Champion(40 of84)
circa 1930: Albina Osipowich the 1928 Amsterdam 100 Metre Freestyle Olympic Gold medal winner. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images) (credit:Hulton Archive via Getty Images)
Canada Victory(41 of84)
16th August 1928: Canadian sprinter, Percy Williams (1908 - 1982) who won gold medals at 100 and 200 metres, being held aloft by his compatriots, after his victories at the Amsterdam Olympics. (Photo by Central Press/Getty Images) (credit:Central Press via Getty Images)
Olympic Champion Kalina Konopacka During Games(42 of84)
(Original Caption) Amsterdam, Holland: Women\'s Olympic Discus Champion. Photo shows Mlle. Konopacka of Poland who won the finals of the discus throw for women at the Women\'s competition of the Olympic Games recently. Mlle. Konopacka\'s heave reached 39.16 meters or about 126 feet. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Ethel Catherwood Clearing Bar(43 of84)
(Original Caption) In Training at Amsterdam with the Olympic Athletes. This is one of the first pictures to arrive in the United States showing the activities of the Olympic athletes other than those of the United States, at Amsterdam, prior to the opening of the games. Photo shows Miss Ethel Catherwood, crack woman high jumper of the Canadian Olympic Team, clearing the bar during practice. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Olympic Games 1928 Amsterdam(44 of84)
(GERMANY OUT) 400 metres hurdle race, finish: from left Lord David George Brownlow Cecil Burghley (1905 - 1980, GB, winner), Morgan Taylor (USA, 3.), Petterson (SWE), Frank Cuhel (USA, 2.) (Photo by ullstein bild/ullstein bild via Getty Images) (credit:ullstein bild via Getty Images)
Olympic Football(45 of84)
The Chilean goalkeeper fails to prevent Portugal from winning at the Amsterdam Olympics, 29th May 1928. (Photo by Central Press/Hulton Archive/Getty Images) (credit:Central Press via Getty Images)
Elizabeth Robinson Smiling(46 of84)
Amsterdam, Holland: Elizabeth Robinson, 1928 Olympic gold medalist of the 100 meter dash. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Japanese athlet runner Kinue Hitomi at the Summer Olympics(47 of84)
AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS - 1928: Japanese athlet runner Kinue Hitomi, winner of women\'s 800 m, during the Summer Olympics in 1928 in Amsterdam, Netherlands. (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images) (credit:Keystone-France via Getty Images)
Bornett, Klara - Diver, Austria*1899- during the Olympic Summer Games in Amsterdam - Photographer: Lothar Ruebelt- Published by: 'Das Blatt der Hausfrau' 18/1928Vintage property of ullstein bild(48 of84)
(GERMANY OUT) Bornett, Klara - Diver, Austria*1899- during the Olympic Summer Games in Amsterdam - Photographer: Lothar Ruebelt- Published by: \'Das Blatt der Hausfrau\' 18/1928Vintage property of ullstein bild (Photo by Lothar Ruebelt/ullstein bild via Getty Images) (credit:ullstein bild via Getty Images)
Bienenfeld Wertheimer, Hertha (Hedy) - Swimmer of the SC Hakoah Wien, Austria*1907-1976+- during the Olympic Summer Games in Amsterdam - Photographer: Lothar Ruebelt- Published by: 'Das Blatt der Haus(49 of84)
(GERMANY OUT) Bienenfeld Wertheimer, Hertha (Hedy) - Swimmer of the SC Hakoah Wien, Austria*1907-1976+- during the Olympic Summer Games in Amsterdam - Photographer: Lothar Ruebelt- Published by: \'Das Blatt der Hausfrau\' 18/1928Vintage property of ullstein bild (Photo by Lothar Ruebelt/ullstein bild via Getty Images) (credit:ullstein bild via Getty Images)
Foil Fencing Champion Jeanne Vical(50 of84)
LOS ANGELES, CA - 1928: French foil champion Jeanne Vical training, before the Olympics in Amsterdam in 1928 in Los Angeles, California. (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystine via Getty Images) (credit:Keystone-France via Getty Images)
Ed Hamm, Winner Of The Long Jump(51 of84)
AMSTERDAM, THE NETHERLANDS - 1928: American champion Ed Hamm, who won the long jump at the Olympic Games in 1928 in Amsterdam, Netherlands. (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystine via Getty Images) (credit:Keystone-France via Getty Images)
Miss D.Thompson, the Australian breast stroke champion, photographed at Chiswick Baths, where she is in training for the forthcoming Olympic trials at Amsterdam. - 1928(52 of84)
UNITED KINGDOM - JANUARY 01: Miss D.Thompson, the Australian breast stroke champion, photographed at Chiswick Baths, where she is in training for the forthcoming Olympic trials at Amsterdam.\' (Photo by Planet News Archive/SSPL/Getty Images) (credit:Planet News Archive via Getty Images)
Left to right - Miss D.Thompson, aged 18, the Australian breast stroke champion; Miss Bonnie Mealing, aged 15, the back stroke champion; and Miss Edna Davey, aged 18, the free stroke champion, at the (53 of84)
UNITED KINGDOM - JANUARY 01: Left to right - Miss D.Thompson, aged 18, the Australian breast stroke champion; Miss Bonnie Mealing, aged 15, the back stroke champion; and Miss Edna Davey, aged 18, the free stroke champion, at the Chiswick Baths where they are in hard practise for the forthcoming Olympic trials at Amsterdam.\' (Photo by Planet News Archive/SSPL/Getty Images) (credit:Planet News Archive via Getty Images)
Eleanor Holm in Swim Suit as Champion(54 of84)
(Original Caption) 8/13/1932-Los Angeles, California-Eleanor Holm of the US Women\'s Olympic swimming team, the new champion in the 100 meter backstroe event at the 1932 Olympics. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Women Swimming Medalist Posing for Camera(55 of84)
(Original Caption) This photo shows left to right, Helene Madison of the U.S.A., first; Lenore Knight of the U.S.A., second; and J. Maakal of South Africa, who came in third, in the finals of the 400 meter swim for women at the Los Angeles Olympics. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Istavan Pelle on Pommel Horse(56 of84)
(Original Caption) Filed 8/13/1932-Istavan Pelle of Hungary, who placed first in Pommel Horse event of the Gymnastics competition in the Olympic Games in Los Angeles. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Frank Kurtz and Farid Samaika Diving(57 of84)
(Original Caption) 8/12/1932-Los Angeles, CA- Frank Kurtz of the United States and Farid Samaika of Egypt do an exhibition dive from the high platform, during the Los Angeles Olympic Games. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
K. Kitamura, Winner of 1500 Meter(58 of84)
(Original Caption) 8/11/1932-Los Angeles, CA- Portrait of K. Kitamura of Japan, winner of the heat in the men\'s 1500 meter event, in today\'s swim program of the 1932 Olympic Games. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Olympic Swimmers Embrce After Event(59 of84)
(Original Caption) 8/10/1932-Los Angeles, CA- Helene Madison (right) of the United States, and Williemijntje Den Ouden of Holland embrace each other after the finish of the 100-meter free style event at the Los Angeles Olympic Games, which was won by Helene with Miss Den Ouden Second. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
G. Miez During Floor Exercise(60 of84)
(Original Caption) Los Angeles, California: G. Miez, gymnast for the Swiss Olympic team at the Olympic games. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Jean Shiley Clearing High Jump Bar(61 of84)
(Original Caption) 8/9/1932-Los Angeles, CA: Jean Shiley of Philadelphia clears the bar to set a new World and Olympic Record during the Los Angeles Olympic Games. The former World Record was 5 feet 3 1/3 inches, and the former Olympic Record was 5 feet, 4 inches. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Olympian Bill Carr Winning Race.(62 of84)
(Original Caption) Bill Carr of the United States breaks the tape to win the first heat of the 400 meter event during the Los Angeles Olympic Games. Wilson of Canada (82) is second; Golding or Australia third; and Rampling of Great Britain fourth. In the final Carr cracked the world and Olympic mark, (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Start Of Women'S Olympic Swimn Event(63 of84)
(Original Caption) 8/8/1932-Los Angeles, CA: Displaying her usual form and speed, Helene Madison of the United States captured the second heat of the 100-meter free style event at the Los Angeles Olympics. Above is the start of the heat. Lilli Andersen of Denmark, Lane 1; Jennie Maakal of South Africa, Lane 2; Edna Hughes of Great Britain, Lane 3; Helene Madison of U. S., Lane 4; and Kazue Kojima of Japan, Lane 5. BPA 2 #1091 (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Babe Didrikson Competing in 80-Meter Hurdle Race(64 of84)
(Original Caption) 8/5/1932-Los Angeles, CA- Breaking world and Olympic records seems to be a pastime for Babe Didrikson of the U.S., who smashed another criterion when she sprinted the 80-meter hurdle in 11.7 seconds in the final of the event. The former Olympic record was 11.8 seconds, set by Ms. Didrickson during a heat, and the world record was 12.2 seconds. Photo shows Didrikson, Michi Nakanishi, Simone Schaller, and B. Taylor going over the first heat hurdles. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Romero Neri On Horizontal Bars(65 of84)
(Original Caption) 8/13/1932-Los Angeles, CA: Romero Neri of Italy, all round champion in the gymnastic competition at the Los Angeles Olympic Games is shown on action on the Horizontal Bars. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Olympic Summer Games Of 1932: Helen Madison Swimming(66 of84)
UNITED STATES - AUGUST 08: August 8, 1932: at the Olympic Summer Games of Los Angeles, U.S.A, the 19 year-old American swimmer Helen MADISON, from Seattle, won the 100m freestyle swimming event with a time of 1 minute and 6.8 seconds. During these Games she won two other gold medals: in the 400m freestyle and the 400m freestyle relay. (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images) (credit:Keystone-France via Getty Images)
Lillian Copeland Throwing Discus(67 of84)
(Original Caption) 8/4/1932-Los Angeles, CA- Lilliam Copeland of the United States summons up power enough to throw the discus a distance of 133 feet, 2 inches to smash the world and Olympic record of 129 feet 11 9/16 inches. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Summer 1932 Olympic Games : Eddie Tolan Beats The 100M Dash Olympic Record(68 of84)
UNITED STATES - AUGUST 02: In Los Angeles, U.S.A on August 2, 1932, the American Eddie TOLAN won the 100 meter dash and beat Ralph METCALF in 10 seconds and three tenths during the Olympic Summer Games. Here he is pictured training. (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images) (credit:Keystone-France via Getty Images)
Runners Crossing Finish Line(69 of84)
(Original Caption) 8/1/1932-Los Angeles, CA- One of the hardest battles of the Olympic Games at Los Angeles was fought in the semi-finals of the 100-meter event. Eddie Tolan, U.S. won, hard pressed by Joubert, South Africa, and Yoshioka, Japan. Left to right, the runners are Elliot (#351), New Zealand; Koenig (#169), Germany; Joubert, third; Tolan, first; Percy Williams (#81), Canada, former champion; Yoshioka, Japan, third. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)
Olympic Games 1932 Los Angeles(70 of84)
(GERMANY OUT) High diving of the women (Photo by ullstein bild/ullstein bild via Getty Images) (credit:ullstein bild via Getty Images)
Olympic Games 1932 Los Angeles(71 of84)
(GERMANY OUT) High diving, women: winner Dorothy Poynton Photo: Schirner (Photo by ullstein bild/ullstein bild via Getty Images) (credit:ullstein bild via Getty Images)
Jesse Owens at the start of the 200m dash in the 1936 Berlin Olympics. The image is a film still from the Leni Riefenstahl film, "Olympia 1936".(72 of84)
Jesse Owens at the start of the 200m dash in the 1936 Berlin Olympics. The image is a film still from the Leni Riefenstahl film, \'Olympia 1936\'. (credit:Photo Researchers via Getty Images)
Sports officials watching international sporting event (B&W)(73 of84)
Berlin, Germany, 1936 (credit:Hulton Collection via Getty Images)
"the tow backstroking world-champions Eleanora Holm Jarret und Adolph Kiefer training at the Athletic Club Chicago for the olympic games in Berlin 1936, Phowtography, America, 16th April 1936"(74 of84)
\'UNSPECIFIED - APRIL 16: the tow backstroking world-champions Eleanora Holm Jarret und Adolph Kiefer training at the Athletic Club Chicago for the olympic games in Berlin 1936, Phowtography, America, 16th April 1936 (Photo by Imagno/Getty Images)\' (credit:Imagno via Getty Images)
Berlin Olympic Games 1936(75 of84)
13-year-old American Marjorie Gestring completing her dives to win the women\'s Olympic Games Springboard gold medal, in Berlin, Germany, Aug. 12, 1936. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Jesse Owens(76 of84)
America\'s Jesse Owens, center, salutes during the presentation of his gold medal for the long jump on August 11, 1936, after defeating Nazi Germany\'s Lutz Long, right, during the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. Naoto Tajima of Japan, left, placed third. Owens triumphed in the track and field competition by winning four gold medals in the 100-meter and 200-meter dashes, long jump and 400-meter relay. He was the first athlete to win four gold medals at a single Olympic Games. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
1936 Berlin Olympics(77 of84)
Just after the gun cracked for the semifinal 100-meter dash at the Olympics in Berlin on August 10, 1936 Ralph Metcalfe of the U.S. won in 10.5 behind him are Sweeny of Great Britain, McPhee of Canada, Borchmeyer of Germany, Sir of Hungary, and Osendarop of Holland. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Olympic Games Berlin 1936(78 of84)
Son Kitei of Japan is seen entering the Olympic Stadium to win the men\'s Marathon at the Olympic Games in Berlin, Germany, on August 9, 1936, in a new Olympic record time of 2 hours 19 minutes and 19.2 seconds. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Berlin Olympic Games 1936(79 of84)
The start of one of the heats for the men\'s Olympic Games 100 metres Freestyle swimming race, in Berlin, Germany, Aug. 8, 1936. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
1936 Summer Olympics(80 of84)
Helen Stephens of the United States crosses the finish line to win the 100-meter dash at the XI Summer Olympic Games in Berlin, Germany, Aug. 8, 1936. Stephens, of Fulton, Mo., set a new world record time of 11.5 seconds. Stanislawa Walasiewicz, aka Stella Walsh, of Poland had a time of 11.7 seconds. Kathe Krauss of Germany had a time of 11.9 seconds. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Germany Berlin 1936 Summer Olympics(81 of84)
Winner of the men\'s javelin throw event at the Summer Olympic Games, German athlete Gerhard Stoeck in action on August 6, 1936 in Berlin, Germany. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Berlin Olympic Games 1936(82 of84)
German Chancellor Adolf Hitler arrives at the Olympic Stadium, in Berlin, Aug. 1, 1936, to open the XI Olympic Games. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
MORRIS SHOT PUT(83 of84)
American athlete Glenn Morris, of the Denver A.C., is shown during a practice shot put throw on July 13, 1936 at an unknown location. Morris has qualified for the track and field decathlon squad for the upcoming Olympic Games in Berlin. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Athletes Helen Stephens and Alice Arden Hugging(84 of84)
(Original Caption) Congratulating a Teammate. Alice Arden (right), who failed to score to the United States, happily hugs Helen Stephens after the latter anchored the American 400-Meter Women\'s Relay Team to victory in the Olympic games in Berlin recently. The American Team\'s time of 0:46.9 set a new Olympic mark. (credit:Bettmann via Getty Images)