下水設備が普及する一方で、排泄習慣の変革には時間がかかる面があるのかもしれません(オセアニアでは垂れ流しが多い)。 WHO によれば各地域の排泄習慣の変化は、下水処理設備の普及率の変化と比較すれば弱いらしい。また下水処理設備の普及していない地域と、習慣上の問題点のある地域とが共通している点は無視できません(図1と図2)。このような地域では、見た目に安全と思う井戸水がすでに大腸菌などの病原菌に侵されている危険性が高いでしょう。
Description 1 Hideki Yukawa | Source http://nobelprize. org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1949/yukawa-bio. html | Author Nobel foundation | ... (credit:WikiMedia:)
朝永振一郎 1965年 物理学賞(02 of25)
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Description 1 Sin-Itiro Tomonaga | Source http://nobelprize. org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1965/tomonaga-bio. html | Author Nobel ... (credit:WikiMedia:)
川端康成 1968年 文学賞(03 of25)
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Rene Maheu (1905 - 1975, right), Director-General of UNESCO, welcomes Japanese author Yasunari Kawabata (1899 - 1972), winner of that year\'s Nobel Prize for Literature, to Paris, 18th December 1968. (Photo by Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
江崎玲於奈 1973年 物理学賞(04 of25)
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大学概要と基本情報 江崎 玲於奈 (credit:筑波大学)
佐藤栄作 1974年 平和賞(05 of25)
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Description Eisaku Sato 佐藤栄作 | Source Japanese magazine \"THE FHOTO, 15 October 1961 issue\" published by Jiji Gaho Sha. 時事画報社「フォト(1961 ... (credit:WikiMedia:)
福井謙一 1981年 化学賞(06 of25)
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京都市名誉市民 (credit:京都市総合企画局)
利根川進 1987年 医学生理学賞(07 of25)
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Portrait of Susumu Tonegawa (b.1939) taken in 2007, Boston, Massachussetts. He won the 1987 Nobel Laureate in Medicine and Physiology. (Photo by Bachrach/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
大江健三郎 1994年 文学賞(08 of25)
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Japanese writer and Nobel Prize in Literature in 1994, Kenzaburo Oe poses during the inauguration of the 32nd Paris\' book fair, on March 15, 2012 in Paris. The Paris\' 2012 book fair which runs from March 16, 2012 to 19, will host 2,000 authors and 1,200 publishers from forty countries, with Japan and Moscow Kaori Ekunias guests of honours. AFP PHOTO FRANCOIS GUILLOT (Photo credit should read FRANCOIS GUILLOT/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
TOKYO - OCTOBER 9: Masatoshi Koshiba attends a party to celebrate his award of the Nobel Prize for Physics October 9, 2002 at Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan. Koshiba was awarded the prize for his work in the field of neutrino astronomy. Koshiba will share his award of $1 million with Raymond Davis and Riccardo Giacconi of the United States. (Photo by Koichi Kamoshida/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
田中耕一 2002年 化学賞(12 of25)
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CHIBA, JAPAN - DECEMBER 15: Koichi Tanaka, co-winner of the 2002 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, attends a press conference at Narita Airport upon his arrival from Stockholm after attending Nobel prize ceremonies, December 15, 2002 in Chiba-prefecture, Japan. (Photo by Junko Kimura/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
益川敏英 2008年 物理学賞(13 of25)
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Nobel Prize winner Toshihide Masukawa, professor at Kyoto Sangyo University and emeritus professor at Kyoto University, holds a news conference in Kyoto on October 8, 2008 a day after he was awarded the Nobel Prize for physics. Makoto Kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa of Japan and Yoichiro Nambu of the United States won the 2008 Nobel Physics Prize on October 7 for groundbreaking theoretical work in fundamental particles. AFP PHOTO/Kazuhiro NOGI (Photo credit should read KAZUHIRO NOGI/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Description Osamu Shimomura, Nobel Prize Laureate for Chemistry 2008, at a press conference at the Swedish Academy of Science in Stockholm ... (credit:WikiMedia:)
南部陽一郎 2008年 物理学賞 ※受賞時はアメリカ国籍(16 of25)
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Description 1 Yoichiro Nambu (Nobel Prize in Physics, 2008) at a Franklin Institute ceremony in Philadelphia (2005) where he was awarded the ... (credit:WikiMedia:)
Description 1 Ei-ichi Negishi, awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 2010, at his Nobel lecture in Stockholm University 1 Ей-ичи Негиши, ... (credit:WikiMedia:)
山中伸弥 2012年 医学生理学賞(19 of25)
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Shinya Yamanaka | date 2013-07-06 20:19:44 | source http://nihrecord. od. nih. gov/newsletters/2010/02_19_2010/story1. htm | author National ... (credit:WikiMedia:)
Kitasato University Prof. Emeritus Satoshi Omura speaks during a press conference at the university in Tokyo, Monday, Oct. 5, 2015 after learning he and two other scientists from Ireland and China won the Nobel Prize in medicine. The Nobel judges in Stockholm awarded the prestigious prize to Omura, Irish-born William Campbell and Tu Youyou - the first-ever Chinese medicine laureate, for discovering drugs against malaria and other parasitic diseases that affect hundreds of millions of people every year. (AP Photo/Shizuo Kambayashi) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
梶田隆章 2015年 物理学賞(24 of25)
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Takaaki Kajita of Japan, director of the Institute for Cosmic Ray Research and professor at the University of Tokyo, speaks after learning he won the Nobel Prize in physics at the university in Tokyo, Tuesday, Oct. 6, 2015. Kajita and Arthur McDonald of Canada won the Nobel Prize in physics on Tuesday, for the discovery of neutrino oscillations. (AP Photo/Eugene Hoshiko) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)