【イスタンブール】世界が注目するトルコの近代アートシーン

数多くの憧れの地の中で、世界で最も旅心を強く誘う都市のひとつがイスタンブール。街の元気な発展具合を一番に反映しているのはおそらく地元作家による近代アートと、それを支える近代アートシーン。
|

慢性の旅行癖のある人なら、ご存知のはず。イスファハンにウユニ塩湖、マダガスカル・・・行きたい場所の名前をリストアップするだけでも、ゾクゾクと湧いてくるあの興奮感を。数多くの憧れの地の中で、世界で最も旅心を強く誘う都市のひとつがイスタンブール。コンスタンティノープル、という呼び方もできるけれど、この旧名から多くの人がイメージする町は、現在のイスタンブールとは異なるもの。過去の名残ばかりを追っていては、この街の今のエネルギーを見逃してしまいます。

Open Image Modal

街の元気な発展具合を一番に反映しているのはおそらく地元作家による近代アートと、それを支える近代アートシーン。イスタンブールの文化生活は内側から、街の表情と気風と共に変革を経ようとしているのが見受けられます。中心となっているのはベイオール(Beyoğlu)地区。かつては犯罪が溢れ、その昔は豪邸だったろう19世紀のアパートビルが老衰したまま放置されていたこのエリアも、今ではイスタンブール屈指のファッショナブルな地区となり、白熱する近代アート界に匹敵するスピードで急成長しているよう。

Open Image Modal

華麗に新装された築120年のオスマン建築の旧銀行の中にワシフ・コルトゥン(Vasif Kortun)が「SALT Galata」をオープンしたり、アートコレクター、オメール・コチ(Ömer Koç)がイスティクラル通りの豪邸を修復して「Arter」を生んだりと、この数年は地元ベースの大型ギャラリーも続々と創設されているけれど、国際的アート界がここで見つけた作品を世へ送り出すようになったのはさらにその前のこと。去年ロンドンのSaatchi Galleryで行われた近代トルコ人アーティスト・グループ展「Confessions of Dangerous Minds」に並んだ作品は、展覧会初日を迎える前に完売。サザビーズのオークションでも、トルコ・アートは近頃売値が一気に上騰していて、今では同社がベイオール・オフィスを設立するまでに。それと同時に、ニューヨークのPaul KasminやKrampfをはじめ、世界の一流ギャラリーが続々とイスタンブール支店を開設。中には拠点を完全に移転したギャラリーも。

Open Image Modal

昨年9月14日から10月20日まで行われた「第13回イスタンブール・ビエンナーレ(İstanbul Bienali)」の開催期間中は、SALTやArterはもちろん、このエリアにある複数の会場で様々な展覧会が催され、国際化が進む地元のアートシーンにますます注目が集まりました。ビエンナーレのトピックは「政治的討論の場としてのパブリックドメイン(公有物)」。昨年、タクシム広場およびゲジ公園といった公共空間で起きたデモ(および、それをインスピレーションに生まれたアート作品)のことを考えても、これ以上にないタイミングでした。実は、まさにその広場と公園も、もともとビエンナーレのイベント会場の一部となる予定もあったのだそう。基を辿れば、ゲジ公園を守ろうとデモを応援していたアーティストや若者主体の人口こそ、現在ではビエンナーレの拠点となっているベイオール地区を、今のような高級なエリアへと変化させた張本人たちなのだ、というのも興味深い点でしょう。

Open Image Modal

アート界がベイオールに注目するようになったキッカケはここに住むアーティストやギャラリーのおかげだけれど、この周辺のイメージを目に見える形で変化させたのは、次々とオープンしだした新しいレストランやバー、そして高級ブティックといったショップ。一時は暗くなったら人も寄り付かない場所とされていたここも、今では夜遅くまでお洒落なパーティーピープルが集まり、アパートの一階(!)を利用した「Wake Up Call」や、明け方から盛り上がる「MiniMüzikhol」といった人気のナイトスポットに溢れています。

Open Image Modal

もうひとつ、このエリアの変貌を目に見える形で象徴しているのは、美しくも長年放置されていた建物を修復して生まれたホテルの一群。今日では、レンガの壁と時代を感じさせないボスポラス海峡の眺めをモダンなデザインで縁取った「ジョージズ・ホテル(Georges Hotel)」のような、スタイリッシュなゲストハウスも珍しくありません。レインシャワーにロクシタンのバスグッズ、羽毛布団といった高級アメニティは当然ながら、一番の魅力はやはり、イスタンブールきってのレストランやバー、クラブが集まるホットスポットというこの立地。

Open Image Modal

それは、地元出身の勢いあるデザイン会社オートバン(Autoban)が手がけた「ウィット・イスタンブール・スイーツ(Witt Istanbul Suites)」にも言えること。近代美術館「Istanbul Modern」の近くにあるこのホテルは、木材とレザーの深みある質感を利用した、モダニズムが光る一軒。一方、古い女性修道院を改築した「トムトム・スイーツ(Tomtom Suites)」は、贅沢な大理石のバスルームとバトラーサービスを構えた住宅風のホテルになっています。イスタンブールのお洒落なデザイナー・プチホテルは、これだけではないけれど、街の成長ぶりを見るかぎり、これからますますその数は増えるのでは。

The Biggest Art Auction Sales of 2012
Wassily Kandinsky's "Study for Improvisation 8" - $23 million(01 of20)
Open Image Modal
ARTIST: Russian abstract painter, Wassily Kandinsky (1866-1944)\nARTWORK: Oil painting of religious pilgrims in Kiev painted in 1909.\nAUCTION: Christie\'s Impressionist and Modern Art Sale (November 2012)\nPRICE: $23,042,500\n\nFor more on the Kandinsky painting, check out our original article here. (credit:Christie\'s)
Jean-Michel Basquiat's "Untitled" - $26.4 million(02 of20)
Open Image Modal
ARTIST: New York-bred graffiti-turned-gallery painter, Jean-Michel Basquiat (1960-1988).\nARTWORK: A large, colorful acrylic and oil stick on canvas work depicting a skeletal fisherman yielding his loot, created in 1981.\nAUCTION: Christie\'s Post-War and Contemporary Art Sale (November 2012)\nPRICE: $26,402,500\n\nfor more on Basquiat\'s painting, check out our original article here. (credit:Christie\'s)
Francis Bacon's "Untitled (Pope)" - $29.8 million(03 of20)
Open Image Modal
ARTIST: British figurative painter, Francis Bacon (1909-1992).\nARTWORK: One of Bacon\'s \"Pope\" paintings, which depict the Bishop of Rome sitting atop his papal throne with his mouth agape, seemingly writhing in a fit of terror. Created circa 1954.\nAUCTION: Sotheby\'s Contemporary Art Evening Sale (November 2012)\nPRICE: $29,762,500\n\nFor more on Bacon\'s \"Pope\" check out our original article here.
Henry Moore's "Reclining Figure: Festival" - $30.1 million(04 of20)
Open Image Modal
ARTIST: British sculptor, Henry Moore (1898-1986).\nARTWORK: A 6-foot-long bronze sculpture depicting a laid-back female figure resting on one elbow, created in 1951.\nAUCTION: Christie\'s Impressionist / Modern Art Evening Sale (February 2012)\nPRICE: £19,081,250 (approximately $30.1 million)\n\nIMAGE: A gallery assistant at Christie\'s auction house admires a sculpture by Henry Moore entitled \'Reclining Figure: Festival\' on February 2, 2012 in London, England. (Photo by Oli Scarff/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Jeff Koons' "Tulips" - $33.7 million(05 of20)
Open Image Modal
ARTIST: American neo-pop artist and \"Balloon Dog\" extraordinaire, Jeff Koons (1955-present).\nARTWORK: A large-scale, mirror-polished stainless steel sculpture with transparent color coating created between 1995 and 2004.\nAUCTION: Christie\'s Post-War and Contemporary Art Sale (November 2012)\nPRICE: $33,682,500 (credit:Christie\'s)
Gerhard Richter's "Abstraktes Bild" - $34.2 million(06 of20)
Open Image Modal
ARTIST: Abstract and photorealist painter Gerhard Richter (1932-present).\nARTWORK: A squeegee painting created in 1994 and owned by famous British musician, Eric Clapton. It was bought by Clapton for £2million ($3.2 million) in 2001 and sold for 10 times the price tag 11 years later.\nAUCTION: Sotheby\'s Contemporary Art Evening Sale (October 2012)\nPRICE: £21,321,250 (approximately $34.2 million)\n\nFor more on Eric Clapton\'s big sale, check out our original article here.\n\nIMAGE: A Sotheby\'s employee stands in front of Gerhard Richter\'s \'Abstraktes Bild (809-)\' painting on October 8, 2012 in London, England. (Photo by Peter Macdiarmid/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
John Constable's "The Lock" - $35.2 million(07 of20)
Open Image Modal
ARTIST: British Romantic artist, John Constable (1776-1837).\nARTWORK: The fifth in a celebrated series of six large-scale paintings of the Stour Valley in Suffolk.\nAUCTION: Old Master and British Paintings Evening Sale\nPRICE: $35,210,321\n\nIMAGE: Employees pose with a painting by British Romantic artist John Constable entitled \"The Lock\" at Christie\'s auction house in central London on June 12, 2012. (CARL COURT/AFP/GettyImages) (credit:Getty Images)
Jackson Pollock's "Number 4, 1951" - $36 million(08 of20)
Open Image Modal
ARTIST: Abstract expressionist painter, Jackson Pollock (1912-1956).\nARTWORK: A rare drip painting on canvas created in 1951.\nAUCTION: Sotheby\'s Contemporary Art Evening Sale (November 2012)\nPRICE: $40,402,500\n\nImage: Sotheby\'s employees hold Jackson Pollock\'s \'Number 4, 1951\' on October 8, 2012 in London, England. Estimated at $25-35 million the work forms part of Sotheby\'s Impressionist, Modern and Contemporary Art sale on November 5, 2012 in New York. (Photo by Peter Macdiarmid/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Yves Klein's "The Pink of Blue" - $36.8 million(09 of20)
Open Image Modal
ARTIST: French post-war artist, Yves Klein, who is well-known for his devotion to the color blue (1928-1962).\nARTWORK: Natural sponges and pebbles soaked in pigment and scattered on a board. Named \"The Pink of Blue\", the sponge-relief is similar to Klein\'s other works created in International Klein Blue. It was finished in 1960.\nAUCTION: Christie\'s Post-War and Contemporary Art Evening Sale (June 2012)\nPRICE: $36,779,111 (credit:Christie\'s)
Joan Miro's "Peinture (Etolie Bleue), 1927" - $36.9 million(10 of20)
Open Image Modal
ARTIST: Spanish Cattelan artist, Joan Miro (1893-1993).\nARTWORK: Oil on cavas work depicting Miro\'s typical Surrealist imagery created in 1927.\nAUCTION: Sotheby\'s Impressionist & Modern Art Evening Sale (June 2012)\nPRICE: $36,946,396\n\nIMAGE: Gallery assistants pose with Spanish Catalan artist Joan Miro\'s \'Peinture (Etolie Bleue), 1927\' at Sotheby\'s acution house in central London on June 14, 2012. (LEON NEAL/AFP/GettyImages) (credit:LEON NEAL/AFP/GettyImages)
Andy Warhol's "Double Elvis" - $37 million(11 of20)
Open Image Modal
ARTIST: Pop art king, Andy Warhol (1928-1987)\nARTWORK: A silver silkscreen image of Elvis Presley depicted as a cowboy. The work, created in 1963, is named for the duplicate screening of Elvis that appears to the left of the central figure.\nAUCTION: Sotheby\'s Contemporary Art Evening Sale (May 2012)\nPRICE: $37,042,500\n\nFor more on Warhol\'s \"Double Elvis,\" check out the original AP story here.\n\nIMAGE: This undated file image provided by Sotheby\'s Auction House shows Andy Warhol\'s portrait of Elvis Presley depicted as a cowboy. The painting, with a silver background, Double Elvis [Ferus Type] sold at auction by Sothebys in New York for $37 million on May 9, 2012. (AP Photo/Sotheby\'s Auction House, File) (credit:AP)
Franz Kline's "Untitled" - $40.4 million(12 of20)
Open Image Modal
ARTIST: Abstract expressionist and contemporary of Mark Rothko and Jackson Pollock, Franz Kline (1910-1962).\nARTWORK: The untitled piece belongs to the series of black and white abstractions for which Kline is known, combining aggressive brushstrokes with simple forms reminiscent of Japanese calligraphy.\nAUCTION: Christie\'s Post-War and Contemporary Art Evening Sale (November 2012)\nPRICE: $40,402,500\n\nFor more on Kline\'s calligraphic work, check out our original article here. (credit:Christie\'s)
Andy Warhol's "Statue of Liberty" - $43.7 million(13 of20)
Open Image Modal
ARTIST: Andy Warhol, again.\nARTWORK: This time it\'s a screen print of the State of Liberty, created in 1962.\nAUCTION: Christie\'s Post-War and Contemporary Art Sale (November 2012)\nPRICE: $43,762,500
Claude Monet's "Water Lillies" - $43.8 million(14 of20)
Open Image Modal
ARTIST: French Impressionist painter, Claude Monet (1840-1926).\nARTWORK: A work from Monet\'s \"Water Lilies\" series, depicting a pond in Giverny, France. Created in 1905.\nAUCTION: Christie\'s Impressionist and Modern Art Evening Sale (November 2012)\nPRICE: $43,762,500\n\nTo read more about Monet\'s \"Water Lilies\", check out the original AP article here. (credit:Christie\'s)
Francis Bacon's "Figure Reflected in a Mirror" - $44.9 million(15 of20)
Open Image Modal
ARTIST: Francis Bacon, again.\nARTWORK: Oil on canvas work created in 1976.\nAUCTION: Sotheby\'s Contemporary Art Evening Sale (May 2012)\nPRICE: $44,882,500 (credit:Sotheby\'s)
Roy Lichtenstein "Sleeping Girl" - $44.9 million(16 of20)
Open Image Modal
ARTIST: Famous American pop artist and major Ben-Day dot fan, (1923-1997)\nARTWORK: Part of a series of sexy comic book-inspired images Lichtenstein created in 1964.\nAUCTION: Sotheby\'s Contemporary Art Evening Sale (May 2012)\nPRICE: $44,882,500\n\nIMAGE: This undated file photo provided by Sotheby\'s Auction House in New York shows \"Sleeping Girl\" by artist Roy Lichtenstein. The painting sold for $44.8 million by Sotheby\'s on Wednesday May 9, 2012. (AP Photo/Sotheby\'s, File) (credit:AP)
Raphael's "Head of a Young Apostle" - $47.8 million(17 of20)
Open Image Modal
ARTIST: Renaissance painter, Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino, better known as Raphael (1483-1520).\nARTWORK: A drawing titled \"Head of a Young Apostle\" that depicts one of the primary figures from Raphael\'s \"Transfigurations.\" Created circa 1519-1520.\nAUCTION: Sotheby\'s Old Master & British Paintings Evening Sale (December 2012)\nPRICE: Approximately $47,690,717 (credit:Sotheby\'s)
Mark Rothko's "No. 1 (Royal Red and Blue)" - $75.1 million(18 of20)
Open Image Modal
ARTIST: Russian-American abstract painter, and lover of all things color-blocked, Mark Rothko.\nARTWORK: A multi-form oil painting reminiscent of most of Rothko\'s later work. Created in 1954.\nAUCTION: Sotheby\'s Contemporary Art Evening Sale (November 2012)\nPRICE: $75,122,500\n (credit:Sotheby\'s)
Mark Rothko's "Orange, Red, Yellow" - $87 million(19 of20)
Open Image Modal
ARTIST: Marky Mark, again.\nARTWORK: Another multi-form, of course. This one was created in 1961.\nAUCTION: Christie\'s Post-War and Contemporary Art Evening Sale (May 2012)\nPRICE: $86,882,500\n\nIMAGE: In this undated file photo provided by Christie\'s Auction House, \"Orange, Red, Yellow,\" a 1956 painting by Mark Rothko is shown. The painting was sold by Christie\'s in New York for $388.5 million on Tuesday, May 8, 2012. (AP Photo/Sotheby\'s Auction Housse, File) (credit:AP)
The Scream - $119.9 million(20 of20)
Open Image Modal
ARTIST: Edvard Munch, the Norwegian painter and printmaker known for his treatment of dark, psychological motifs (1863-1944).\nARTWORK: This version of the iconic piece, \"The Scream,\" is not a painting but is pastel on board. It was created in 1895.\nAUCTION: Sotheby\'s Impressionist and Modern Art Evening Sale (May 2012)\nPRICE: $119,922,500, making this version of \"The Scream\" themost expensive piece of art ever sold at auction.\n\nIMAGE: In this undated photo provided by Sothebys Auction House in New York, The Scream, by Norwegian painter Edvard Munch is shown. The 1895 pastel on board, arguably one of the art world\'s most recognizable images, will go on view at the Museum of Modern Art in New York beginning Oct. 24, 2012. (AP Photo/Sothebys Auction House) (credit:AP)