プエルトリコが破産申請 7兆8000億円の債務、アメリカ自治体で最大

カリブ海の観光名所として知られるアメリカ自治領・プエルトリコが5月3日、連邦地裁に破産申請をした。
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プエルトリコの旗を持って、経済政策に抗議デモをする学生

カリブ海の観光名所として知られるアメリカ自治領・プエルトリコが5月3日、連邦地裁に破産申請をした。債務は700億ドル(7兆8000億円)で、2013年に財政破綻したデトロイト市の約4倍。自治体としてはアメリカ最大の破産手続きとなる。時事ドットコムなどが報じた。

観光産業が中心のプエルトリコは、2008年のリーマン・ショック後の景気悪化で税収が落ち込んだ。2015年にアメリカ自治領で初のデフォルト(債務不履行)に陥った

共同通信によると、プエルトリコは多額の債券を発行しているが、保有は税優遇が受けられるアメリカ在住者に偏っている。債券を保有するアメリカの富裕層や年金基金への影響が懸念される。

■プエルトリコとは?「豊かな港」が「第2のギリシャ」に

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カリブ海北部の地図。右端がプエルトリコ

プエルトリコは、カリブ海に浮かぶプエルトリコ島を中心とした地域で、面積は鹿児島県と同程度。2016年現在、340万人が暮らしている。名前は、スペイン語で「豊かな港」(Puerto Rico)を意味する。1493年にコロンブスがプエルトリコ島を見つけた際に「なんて豊かな港なんだ!」と、感嘆したことに由来するという伝説がある

もともとはスペイン領だったが、1898年の米西戦争の結果、アメリカ領となった。 1917年にアメリカ市民権が与えられ、1952年には自治領として合衆国と連合するコモンウェルスになった。住民の大部分はスペイン系とアフリカ系黒人の混血で、先住民であったインディオの要素も、山地住民などに残っている

産経ニュースによると、プエルトリコは自然の美しさを武器として、全米屈指のリゾート地として発展を遂げたが、近年は競合するリゾート地に客足を奪われた。IT企業の誘致で経済活性化の柱として図ったが進まず、島に見切りをつけた島民の米本土への流出も相次いだ。失業率は全米平均の2倍の15%前後にも達している。

2015年にはプエルトリコのガルシア・パディラ知事が「総額約729億ドルの債務が支払い不能」とニューヨーク・タイムズに告白後にデフォルト。市場では「第2のギリシャ」と呼ばれ、破綻ドミノが警戒されていた。

■関連スライドショー(プエルトリコのデモ)

プエルトリコのデモ
PUERTORICO-DEBT/MAINLAND(01 of19)
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A person carries a Puerto Rican national flag during a protest against the government\'s austerity measures as Puerto Rico faces a deadline on Monday to restructure its $70 billion debt load or open itself up to lawsuits from creditors, in San Juan, Puerto Rico May 1, 2017. REUTERS/Alvin Baez (credit:Alvin Baez / Reuters)
PUERTORICO-DEBT/MAINLAND(02 of19)
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Demonstrators block the street during a protest against the government\'s austerity measures as Puerto Rico faces a deadline on Monday to restructure its $70 billion debt load or open itself up to lawsuits from creditors, in San Juan, Puerto Rico May 1, 2017. REUTERS/Alvin Baez (credit:Alvin Baez / Reuters)
PUERTORICO-DEBT/MAINLAND(03 of19)
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Demonstrators sits in front of police officers during a protest against the government\'s austerity measures as Puerto Rico faces a deadline on Monday to restructure its $70 billion debt load or open itself up to lawsuits from creditors, in San Juan, Puerto Rico May 1, 2017. REUTERS/Alvin Baez (credit:Alvin Baez / Reuters)
PUERTORICO-DEBT/MAINLAND(04 of19)
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A demonstrator stands near police officers during a protest against the government\'s austerity measures as Puerto Rico faces a deadline on Monday to restructure its $70 billion debt load or open itself up to lawsuits from creditors, in San Juan, Puerto Rico May 1, 2017. REUTERS/Alvin Baez (credit:Alvin Baez / Reuters)
PUERTORICO-DEBT/MAINLAND(05 of19)
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A demonstrator reacts as police officers stand guard during a protest against the government\'s austerity measures as Puerto Rico faces a deadline on Monday to restructure its $70 billion debt load or open itself up to lawsuits from creditors, in San Juan, Puerto Rico May 1, 2017. REUTERS/Alvin Baez (credit:Alvin Baez / Reuters)
PUERTORICO-DEBT/MAINLAND(06 of19)
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A woman covers her face from tear gas during a protest against the government\'s austerity measures as Puerto Rico faces a deadline on Monday to restructure its $70 billion debt load or open itself up to lawsuits from creditors, in San Juan, Puerto Rico May 1, 2017. REUTERS/Alvin Baez (credit:Alvin Baez / Reuters)
PUERTORICO-DEBT/MAINLAND(07 of19)
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Demonstrators break the windows of a building during a protest against the government\'s austerity measures as Puerto Rico faces a deadline on Monday to restructure its $70 billion debt load or open itself up to lawsuits from creditors, in San Juan, Puerto Rico May 1, 2017. REUTERS/Alvin Baez (credit:Alvin Baez / Reuters)
PUERTORICO-DEBT/MAINLAND(08 of19)
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Demonstrators stand near police during a protest against the government\'s austerity measures as Puerto Rico faces a deadline on Monday to restructure its $70 billion debt load or open itself up to lawsuits from creditors, in San Juan, Puerto Rico May 1, 2017. The sign reads: \"Open your eyes, reflect, join us.\" REUTERS/Alvin Baez (credit:Alvin Baez / Reuters)
PUERTORICO-DEBT/MAINLAND(09 of19)
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Police officers use tear gas during a protest against the government\'s austerity measures as Puerto Rico faces a deadline on Monday to restructure its $70 billion debt load or open itself up to lawsuits from creditors, in San Juan, Puerto Rico May 1, 2017. REUTERS/Alvin Baez (credit:Alvin Baez / Reuters)
PUERTORICO-DEBT/MAINLAND(10 of19)
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Demonstrators set a barricade on fire during a protest against the government\'s austerity measures as Puerto Rico faces a deadline on Monday to restructure its $70 billion debt load or open itself up to lawsuits from creditors, in San Juan, Puerto Rico May 1, 2017. REUTERS/Alvin Baez (credit:Alvin Baez / Reuters)
PUERTORICO-DEBT/MAINLAND(11 of19)
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A demonstrator uses a slingshot during a protest against the government\'s austerity measures as Puerto Rico faces a deadline on Monday to restructure its $70 billion debt load or open itself up to lawsuits from creditors, in San Juan, Puerto Rico May 1, 2017. REUTERS/Alvin Baez (credit:Alvin Baez / Reuters)
PUERTORICO-DEBT/MAINLAND(12 of19)
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People look out of a fast food restaurant as demonstrators participate in a protest against the government\'s austerity measures as Puerto Rico faces a deadline on Monday to restructure its $70 billion debt load or open itself up to lawsuits from creditors, in San Juan, Puerto Rico May 1, 2017. REUTERS/Alvin Baez (credit:Alvin Baez / Reuters)
PUERTORICO-DEBT/MAINLAND(13 of19)
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A man dressed in a superhero outfit walks past a burning barricade during a protest against the government\'s austerity measures as Puerto Rico faces a deadline on Monday to restructure its $70 billion debt load or open itself up to lawsuits from creditors, in San Juan, Puerto Rico May 1, 2017. REUTERS/Alvin Baez (credit:Alvin Baez / Reuters)
PUERTORICO-DEBT/MAINLAND(14 of19)
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People march during a protest against the government\'s austerity measures as Puerto Rico faces a deadline on Monday to restructure its $70 billion debt load or open itself up to lawsuits from creditors, in San Juan, Puerto Rico May 1, 2017. The sign reads: \"May 1st, for the dignity of our people.\" REUTERS/Alvin Baez (credit:Alvin Baez / Reuters)
PUERTORICO-DEBT/MAINLAND(15 of19)
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Demonstrators run from tear gas during a protest against the government\'s austerity measures as Puerto Rico faces a deadline on Monday to restructure its $70 billion debt load or open itself up to lawsuits from creditors, In San Juan, Puerto Rico May 1, 2017. REUTERS/Alvin Baez (credit:Alvin Baez / Reuters)
PUERTORICO-DEBT/MAINLAND(16 of19)
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People march during a protest against the government\'s austerity measures as Puerto Rico faces a deadline on Monday to restructure its $70 billion debt load or open itself up to lawsuits from creditors, in San Juan, Puerto Rico May 1, 2017. The sign reads \"May 1st, for the dignity of our people.\" REUTERS/Alvin Baez (credit:Alvin Baez / Reuters)
PUERTORICO-DEBT/MAINLAND(17 of19)
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Police officers use tear gas during a protest against the government\'s austerity measures as Puerto Rico faces a deadline on Monday to restructure its $70 billion debt load or open itself up to lawsuits from creditors, in San Juan, Puerto Rico May 1, 2017. REUTERS/Alvin Baez (credit:Alvin Baez / Reuters)
PUERTORICO-DEBT/MAINLAND(18 of19)
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Police officers use tear gas during a protest against the government\'s austerity measures as Puerto Rico faces a deadline on Monday to restructure its $70 billion debt load or open itself up to lawsuits from creditors, in San Juan, Puerto Rico May 1, 2017. REUTERS/Alvin Baez (credit:Alvin Baez / Reuters)
PUERTORICO-DEBT/MAINLAND(19 of19)
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Police officers stand guard during a protest against the government\'s austerity measures as Puerto Rico faces a deadline on Monday to restructure its $70 billion debt load or open itself up to lawsuits from creditors, in San Juan, Puerto Rico May 1, 2017. REUTERS/Alvin Baez (credit:Alvin Baez / Reuters)

(※開かない場合は、こちらへ)

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