ダイヤモンドより明るく輝くのに、安価。新物質「Qカーボン」とは?

アメリカの研究者グループは、私たちが何世紀もの間慣れ親しんできた宝石よりもさらに明るく輝く物質を作り出した。
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Vladimir Godnik

ダイヤモンドは永遠ではないかもしれない。

アメリカの研究グループは、私たちが何世紀もの間慣れ親しんできた宝石よりもさらに明るく輝く物質を作り出した。

さっそく指輪にしたいところだが、この硬度が高く、輝きも強い「Qカーボン」と呼ばれる物質は、装飾品よりも先に医療研究に使われることになりそうだ。

サイエンス・デイリーの報道によると、ノース・カロライナ州立大学の研究グループは、この新しい物質はダイヤモンドでもグラファイト(黒鉛)でもなく、固形炭素だと話したそうだ。

「我々は炭素の第三固形段階を作り出した」と、ジェイ・ナラヤン氏は述べた。ナラヤン氏はノース・カロライナ州立大学で物質科学と工学を研究している。本研究について3本の論文を執筆している。

かなり暗い場所でも光ることができるこの物質の能力は、新しい電子ディスプレイ開発技術の希望の光だ。

しかし、この方法でいろいろな単結晶ダイヤモンドの個体を作ることもできる。バラバラの状態の炭素でできている物質に、約200ナノセカンドという一瞬の間レーザーを当てるという工程だ。

レーザー照射の間、炭素の温度は3,727℃にまで上げられ、その後瞬間的に冷やされる。こうして、Qカーボンの膜が出来上がるのだ。

さらにこの工程をコントロールして、20ナノメートルから500ナノメートルの厚さの膜状のQカーボンを作ることができる。また、異なる基板を使ったり、レーザー照射の時間を変えることで、炭素を冷やす速度を調節できる。

ご存知のように、ダイヤモンドは圧力をかけることで作られる。研究グループは、冷却速度を変えることでダイヤモンドの構造、またはQカーボン内にナノダイヤモンドを作ることに成功した。これは標準のダイヤモンドよりも硬く、輝きが強い。

それに加えて、Qカーボンには強磁性があるという。つまり、磁力を帯びることができるのだ。

ナラヤン氏は「ダイヤモンドのナノニードルやマイクロニードル、ナノドットや大きな膜状ダイヤモンドを作ることができる。これは薬物の投与に使えます」と話した。

しかし、この輝かしい医療の可能性に夢中になる前に、研究執筆者は「Qカーボンはまだ新しい物質なので、結論を出す前にさらに深く特性を調べる必要がある」と話した。

この記事はハフポストオーストラリア版に掲載されたものを翻訳しました。

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