南シナ海の境界線めぐり、仲裁裁判所が中国が主張する「九段線」を却下

今回の仲裁はフィリピンが2013年に国際的な仲裁裁判を申し立て、審理が進められてきた。
Open Image Modal
Protesters display placards during a rally outside of the Chinese Consulate hours before the Hague-based UN international arbitration tribunal is to announce its ruling on South China Sea Tuesday, July 12, 2016, in Makati city east of Manila, Philippines. The protesters are urging China to respect the Philippines' rights over its exclusive economic zone and extended continental shelf as mandated by the UN Convention of the Law of the Sea or UNCLOS. (AP Photo/Bullit Marquez)
ASSOCIATED PRESS

南シナ海のほぼ全域の管轄権を主張する中国に対し、オランダ・ハーグの仲裁裁判所は7月12日、中国が主張する管轄権に「歴史的な権利を主張する法的な根拠はない」と判断した。NHKニュースなどが報じた。この仲裁裁判は、中国の主張に反発していたフィリンピンが提訴したもの。南シナ海の問題で国際法に基づく判断が示されるのは初めてとなる。

仲裁裁判では原則として上訴することはできず、今回の判断が最終的な結論となる。

中国は「九段線」と呼ばれる独自の境界線を南シナ海域で主張していた。コトバンクによると、九段線とは、中国が南シナ海での領有権を主張するために独自に設定した9本の境界線。U字型の破線をなし、南シナ海のほぼ全域を囲む。その形から「U字線」あるいは「牛の舌」とも呼ばれる。南沙諸島や西沙諸島などが含まれ、周辺諸国と主張が対立している。

南シナ海をめぐっては、中国が「歴史的な権利」として、ほぼ全域の管轄権を主張し、人工島を造成して領海などの海洋権益が中国に属するとしていた。

ロイターによると、これに対しフィリピンは、中国が国連海洋法条約(UNCLOS)に違反し、フィリピンの排他的経済水域(EEZ)内にある南シナ海域の開発権を制限していると反発。2013年に国際仲裁裁判所に提訴していた。

関連記事

上空から見た中国
(01 of16)
Open Image Modal
Delivery men take part in a seemingly grueling training session in Shanghai. (credit:China Stringer Network / Reuters)
(02 of16)
Open Image Modal
Hundreds of thousands of vehicles are stuck at a toll station near Beijing as people return home after a seven-day-long public holiday. (credit:China Daily China Daily Information Corp - CDIC / Reuters)
(03 of16)
Open Image Modal
Colorful rock formations at the Danxia National Geological Park, near Zhangye, Gansu province. (credit:Sheng Li / Reuters)
(04 of16)
Open Image Modal
People assemble a 607-foot-long, 22-foot-wide carpet with candy on a street in Chengdu. To the right of the giant carpet is a sculpture of a giant panda hanging on the exterior of a department store. (credit:China Stringer Network / Reuters)
(05 of16)
Open Image Modal
Martial arts students train in Dengfeng, Henan Province. (credit:China Stringer Network / Reuters)
(06 of16)
Open Image Modal
Rice plants are shaped in the map of China in a paddy field in Zhonghong village. (credit:China Daily China Daily Information Corp - CDIC / Reuters)
(07 of16)
Open Image Modal
Scrapped taxis line up in a parking lot in Taiyuan after the city adapts to electric taxis. (credit:Jon Woo / Reuters)
(08 of16)
Open Image Modal
Ten thousand public bicycles are covered under a plastic rain cover in Guangzhou. (credit:David Johnson / Reuters)
(09 of16)
Open Image Modal
Workers pick tea leaves at a plantation in Dongyang, Zhejiang province. (credit:China Daily China Daily Information Corp - CDIC / Reuters)
(10 of16)
Open Image Modal
People fish along the bank of the Yellow River in Pinglu county. (credit:China Daily China Daily Information Corp - CDIC / Reuters)
(11 of16)
Open Image Modal
Brand new Chevrolet cars are parked at a General Motors parking lot in Shenyang, a city in Liaoning province. (credit:Sheng Li / Reuters)
(12 of16)
Open Image Modal
An aerial view of a public cemetery in Hangzhou, a major city in Zhejiang province. (credit:Stringer China / Reuters)
(13 of16)
Open Image Modal
People burn paper money as they pray at a cemetery in Fuzhou, Jiangxi province during Qingming festival, a holiday dedicated to paying respects to ancestors at their graves. (credit:China Stringer Network / Reuters)
(14 of16)
Open Image Modal
Boats are anchored in a bay in Taizhou, a city on China\'s east coast. (credit:China Stringer Network / Reuters)
(15 of16)
Open Image Modal
New Audi cars are lined up in an open-air parking lot in Changchun, Jilin province. (credit:Sheng Li / Reuters)
(16 of16)
Open Image Modal
A tulip field in Zhumadian, Henan province. (credit:China Stringer Network / Reuters)