自然エネルギーの発電能力、過去最大に 原発100基分に相当

エネルギーの専門家らでつくる民間団体「21世紀のための自然エネルギー政策ネットワーク(REN21)」は、世界の自然エネルギーに関する最新状況をとりまとめた報告書「自然エネルギー世界白書2013年版」を作成し、発表した…
Open Image Modal
Mixed race man walking past solar panels
Getty

エネルギーの専門家らでつくる民間団体「21世紀のための自然エネルギー政策ネットワーク(REN21)」は、世界の自然エネルギーに関する最新状況をとりまとめた報告書「自然エネルギー世界白書2013年版」を作成し、発表した。

報告書によると、2012年に世界で導入された自然エネルギー発電設備は1億1500万kWとなり、100万キロワット級原発100基以上に相当するという。この量は、全世界で12年に新規に導入されたあらゆる発電設備の半分を超える規模。特に、発展途上国で導入の動きが広がっていると書かれている。

また、2012 年末の世界全体の自然エネルギーの全発電容量は前年から8.5%増加して14億7000万kWとなった。風力発電が自然エネルギー発電設備の新規導入量の約39%を占め、水力発電と太陽光発電がそれぞれ約26%を占めているという。

国別の投資額をみると、中国が前年比22%増加で670億ドル、特に太陽光発電への投資が飛躍的に伸びた。南アフリカ、モロッコ、メキシコ、チリ、ケニアなどでも投資が急激に拡大していて、中東およびアフリカは前年比228%増という世界で最も高い増加率となり、投資額は120億ドルに達しているという。

■日本の投資状況

日本での自然エネルギー投資(研究開発を除く)は約73%増で160億ドルとなり、主な要因は小規模太陽光発電の急成長だった。

太陽光発電の導入が拡大しているというものの、2012年の国別導入量比較ではドイツ、イタリア、中国、アメリカに次ぐ5位となっている。一方で、2013年の市場規模は世界1位になる見通しだという。産経新聞が以下のように伝えている。

2013年に日本国内に新規導入される太陽光の発電能力は12年に比べ2・2倍の530万キロワットに拡大、設備販売額や設置費用などを合計した市場規模が198億ドル(約1兆9100億円)とドイツを抜いて世界1位になる見通しとなった。米調査会社IHSが12日までにまとめた。

産経新聞 2013.6.12 12:15)

報道によると、昨年7月からの再生可能エネルギーの固定価格買い取り制度で太陽光発電の買い取り価格が高めに設定され、導入意欲が高まっているのが急拡大の理由だという。日本は設備価格が海外に比べて割高となっているため、導入量では日本を超える中国よりも市場規模が大きくなっているようだ。

関連記事

地球にやさしい生活のススメ(by 米環境保護庁)
Open Image Modal
1. Energy Savings For Your Home\n
\nThe average home spends almost 20 percent of its utility bill on cooling. These cooling bills can be lowered by simply changing out incandescent light bulbs with EPA\'s Energy Star qualified lighting, which use less energy and produce approximately 75 percent less heat. Raising your thermostat by only two degrees and using your ceiling fan can lower cooling costs by up to 14 percent too.
(credit:Flickr: R/DV/RS)
Open Image Modal
Obey the speed limit; go easy on the brakes and avoid hard accelerations; reduce your time idling; and unload unnecessary items in your trunk to reduce weight. If you\'re not using your removable roof rack take it off to improve your fuel economy. (credit:Getty)
Open Image Modal
Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the U.S. and is the most common cancer among 20 to 30-year-olds. Remember to practice safe sun habits. (credit:Flickr: Tom Newby Photography)
Open Image Modal
Americans take almost two billion trips to the beach every year. Beaches are a place to play, watch wildlife, fish, and swim. Learn more on how to plan a safe trip to the beach and check out state specific beach advisory and closing notifications. (credit:Flickr: Quiltsalad)
Open Image Modal
The AirNow app gives location-specific current air quality information to use to protect your health when planning daily activities and the Ultraviolet (UV) Index app provides daily and hourly forecast of the UV radiation levels from the sun so you can better prevent overexposure to the sun. (credit:Flickr: philcampbell)
Open Image Modal
Almost 40 years ago, EPA\'s Documerica project captured thousands of images across the nation as EPA\'s work was just beginning. Now it\'s your chance to mark the progress and submit environmental photos to EPA\'s State of the Environment photo project. (credit:Flickr: avrene)
Open Image Modal
Mosquitoes and ticks can carry diseases but you can protect yourself by choosing the right repellent and using it correctly. Read the product label before using; apply just enough to cover exposed skin and clothing; and look for the protection time that meets your needs. Children can use the same repellents as adults unless there is a restriction on the label. (credit:Flickr: Håkan Dahlström)
8. Water Wisely(08 of15)
Open Image Modal
A large percentage of water we use at home is used outdoors. As much as 30 percent of that outdoor water use can be wasted due to evaporation by watering in the middle of the day. Water in the morning when winds are calm and temperatures are cool. Look for the new WaterSense labeled weather-based irrigation controller that uses local weather data to determine whether your sprinkler system should turn on. (credit:Flickr: Shaylor)
9. Clean Greener(09 of15)
Open Image Modal
If you\'re going to wash the car, deck, boat, or RV- be sure to look for the Design for the Environment (DfE) label to quickly identify and choose cleaning products that are safer for families and also help protect the environment. Look for the DfE label on grill cleaners as well. (credit:Flickr: Hoppo Bumpo (Liesl))
Open Image Modal
About 90 percent of people\'s time is spent indoors. While inside this summer, make sure to free your house of mold, test your home for radon, check your carbon monoxide detector and ask those who smoke to go outdoors. (credit:Flickr: Michael_Lehet)
Open Image Modal
On average, America\'s 47,000 hotels spend more than $2,000 per available room each year on energy. Look for an Energy Star certified hotel--they perform in the top 25 percent of hotels nationwide, use an average of 35 percent less energy and emit an average of 35 percent less greenhouse gas emissions than peers. (credit:Flickr: HockeyholicAZ)
Open Image Modal
Each year, Americans generate millions of tons of waste in homes and communities but it\'s easy to reduce, reuse, and recycle. Recycled items such as glass can be used in roadway asphalt (glassphalt) and recovered plastic can be used in carpeting and park benches. Learn what you can do to waste less. (credit:Flickr: Ambernectar 13)
13. Season Firewood(13 of15)
Open Image Modal
Summer is a great time to season firewood in preparation for fall and winter. Remember to split firewood to the proper size for your wood stove or fireplace, but no larger than 6 inches in diameter; stack firewood to allow air to circulate around it; cover the top of the stack to protect it from the rain; and store your firewood for at least 6 months before using it. (credit:Flickr: storebukkebruse)
Open Image Modal
Composting can be a fun and educational summer project that saves landfill space, helps feed the soil and prevents methane, a potent greenhouse gas. (credit:Flickr: kirstyhall)
Open Image Modal
Keep the creativity flowing beyond the school year and into the summer by submitting a meaningful story or idea in just six words. (credit:Flickr: Jamiesrabbits)