たった4日で大河が消えた カナダのスリムズ川に何が...(動画)

「河川争奪は、風景を一変させる気候変動の力を浮き彫りにしている」
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巨大な川がたった4日のうちに消えた。気候変動が原因で氷河が後退したためだ。

この過程を観察した科学者らによると、近代史上これほどのスピードで消滅した河川はカナダのスリムズ川が初めてだという。

通常は1つの川が消滅するには数千年かかる。地殻変動、天然ダム、土壌侵食などによって水の流れが変わることが原因だ。

しかし科学系サイト「サイエンス・アラート」によると、2016年5月末にカスカウルシュ氷河が大幅に後退し、溶けた水が経路を変えて別の川へ流れ込むようになった。研究グループによると「地質学的には一瞬の」出来事だった。

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写真を見ると、溶け出た水は、左に見えるカスカウルシュ氷河の先端に沿って流れ、他の川へと流れ込んでいるのがわかる。DAN SHUGAR/UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON TACOMA

「地質学者たちは河川争奪(隣接する河川に流路が奪われる現象)を知ってはいるが、私たちの知る限り、現代でこの現象が起きたことを実証できる人はいない」と、論文の筆頭著者でワシントン大学タコマ校の地質学者ダン・シュガー氏は声明の中で述べた。

「人々は、21世紀のような直近の時代ではなく、何万年も、何百万年も昔の地質記録を調査してきました」

氷河から溶け出た水は数百年にわたりベーリング海に注がれていたが、この現象の影響で今は太平洋に流れ出ている。

この変化によって、すでに両地域の生態系に大きな被害が出ていて、湖沼、魚の個体数、野生動物の行動への影響が報告されている。

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JIM BEST/UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS

河川争奪は、風景を一変させる気候変動の力を浮き彫りにしていると、研究グループは説明した。

ハフィントンポストUK版より翻訳・加筆しました。

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