シリア「数日以内に政府軍攻撃」、29日にミサイル攻撃開始の可能性も

西側諸国は、シリアの反政府派に対し、数日以内に政府軍への攻撃を行う可能性があると伝えた。代表者とシリア国民連合がイスタンブールで開いた会合に出席した関係筋が明らかにした。
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西側諸国は、シリアの反政府派に対し、数日以内に政府軍への攻撃を行う可能性があると伝えた。代表者とシリア国民連合がイスタンブールで開いた会合に出席した関係筋が明らかにした。ロイター通信が伝えた。

関係筋の1人はロイターに「アサド政権による一段の化学兵器使用を阻止するために、数日中にも行動が取られる可能性があることが、反政府派に明確な形で伝えられた。またジュネーブでの和平協議に向けた準備を続けるべきだとも伝達された」と語った。

アメリカのヘーゲル国防長官は8月27日、訪問中のブルネイでイギリスBBC放送のインタビューに応じ、シリアの首都ダマスカス郊外で化学兵器が使われた疑惑に関連し、軍事介入に向け「われわれの準備は整っている」と話した

ヘーゲル氏は、アメリカ軍がシリアへのミサイル攻撃が可能な地中海東部に駆逐艦4隻を展開していることなどを念頭に「大統領が望むあらゆる判断に従うことができる」と述べた。ヘーゲル氏は27日、イギリス・フランスの国防相とも電話会談し、「アメリカ軍はあらゆる不測の事態に備えている」と説明した。

アメリカのNBCテレビは、27日、複数のアメリカ政府高官が「早ければ29日に、シリアに対するミサイル攻撃が開始される可能性がある」と述べたと伝えた。攻撃は3日間に限定したもので、軍事力をそぐよりも、アサド大統領に警告を発するためだとしている。

また、ABCテレビも、数日か数週間以内に軍事行動が取られる可能性があると伝えている

■ イギリス、軍事行動計画の策定に着手 「安保理決議なしの軍事行動可能」

イギリスのキャメロン首相は27日、シリアのアサド政権による化学兵器使用疑惑への対応を討議するため、議会を召集することを決定した。イギリス首相報道官はこれに先立ち、政府は軍事行動に関する計画の策定に着手したことを明らかにしている。29日の議会討議では採決も行われる予定で、波乱が予想されている。

キャメロン首相は記者団に対し、まだ何も決定事項はないと強調。その一方で首相は「これは中東戦争に巻き込まれるということではなく、わが国の対シリア姿勢を変えるものでもない。化学兵器に関わるものであり、その使用は放置できない」と述べ、軍事介入の目的がアサド政権の打倒などではなく化学兵器使用の抑止に限定されると強調。介入は目的に見合った規模で合法的でなければならないと指摘した

また、イギリスヘイグ外相は26日、BBC放送とのインタビューで、シリアの化学兵器使用疑惑をめぐり、「国連安全保障理事会の全会一致の同意がなくても対応はできる」と述べ、安保理決議なしの軍事行動が可能との認識を示した

ヘイグ氏はこうした情勢について「安保理での全会一致に拘泥すれば、シリアで起きている悪質な犯罪に対処できなくなるだろう」と指摘した。

■ フランス・オランド大統領「罰する用意がある」

フランスのオランド仏大統領は27日、シリアにおける化学兵器使用に対し罰する用意があると表明した。またシリア反体制派に対する軍事支援を強化するとした。

NHKによると、オランド氏は27日、大統領宮殿で外交演説を行い、この中で、シリアで化学兵器が使用されたとされる問題について「政権側がこの卑劣な行為を行ったと信ずるに足るあらゆる理由がある」と述べて、アサド政権が化学兵器を使ったとの見方を示した。

そして、「これは化学兵器による虐殺であり、黙って見過ごすわけにはいかない」と厳しく批判しました。

そのうえでオランド大統領は「フランスは無実の人々に化学兵器を使う決断をした者を罰する用意がある」と述べて、シリアへの軍事介入を含む、厳しい対応を取る考えを明らかにした。

■ シリア攻撃の正当性探るアメリカ

国連安保理は2011年以降、シリア問題で分裂している。アサド大統領と同盟関係にあるロシア、および中国は、アサド大統領を非難し同政権への制裁を求める3件の決議案に対して拒否権を行使してきた。

ただ、アメリカはこれまでも安保理の支持がないまま紛争に介入してきた経緯がある。今回のシリア問題でもそうした行動をとる可能性がある

安保理による支持以外にも、シリアへの報復攻撃を正当化する道はほかに複数存在する。たとえば、国連憲章第51条では「国連加盟国が武力攻撃を受けた場合には、個別的または集団的自衛の固有の権利がある」と定められている。つまり理論上は、シリアからの国境を越えた暴力行為にさらされているトルコやイスラエルなどの国が、アメリカとその同盟国に対して「自衛」の援助を求めることができるということになる。

また、1950年の「平和のための結集決議」がある。これは、安保理の意見がまとまらない場合、国連総会が緊急会合を招集し、世界の平和や安全保障に関連した問題を取り上げることができるというものだ

■ プーチン大統領「証拠はない」

産経新聞によると、シリアのアサド政権が化学兵器を使用したとの見方をアメリカなどが強めるなか、同政権を擁護する立場のロシアは徹底的に疑義を唱えて、対シリア軍事介入を阻止する構えだ。根深い欧米不信を抱くロシアのプーチン政権は、国連安全保障理事会の常任理事国という立場を十二分に生かし、地中海における橋頭堡(きょうとうほ)であるシリアの政権転覆を避ける方針で一貫している。

プーチン大統領は26日、イギリスのキャメロン首相と電話会談し、「化学兵器による攻撃があったのか、誰が行ったのかについての証拠はない」と述べた。アサド政権による化学兵器使用は「ほとんど疑いない」としたキャメロン首相とは対照的で、両者の認識の溝は埋まらなかった。

■ シリア外相「軍事介入あれば自己防衛」

AFPによると、シリアのワリード・ムアレム外相は27日、首都ダマスカスで記者会見を行い、欧米諸国による軍事介入が実行された場合、シリアは自らを防衛すると語った。またそうした軍事介入は、イスラエルと国際テロ組織アルカイダを利することになるだろうとの見解を示した。

テレビ中継された会見でムアレム外相は、アメリカとその同盟国から軍事介入を受けた場合、シリアには2つの選択肢があると述べ「降伏か、わが国が考える方法による自己防衛だ。第2の選択肢が最善で、われわれは自分たちを防衛するだろう」と語った。さらに「シリア(への介入)は容易ではない」とし、シリアには世界を驚かせる防衛力があるとも述べた。

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BEIRUT, LEBANON - JULY 01: A Syrian refugee from the Deir el Zour pauses in the home he shares with extended members of his family in a poor neighborhood with a high concentration of Syrian refugees on July 01, 2013 in Beirut, Lebanon. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon as there is currently no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Syrian Refugees Add To Beirut's Dense Mix Of Cultures(34 of42)
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BEIRUT, LEBANON - JULY 01: A Syrian refugee family from the Deir el Zour, Syria pauses in their doorway in a neighborhood with a high concentration of Syrian refugees on July 01, 2013 in Beirut, Lebanon. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon as there is currently no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Eighty Immigrants From 47 Countries Become Americans During Naturalization Ceremony(35 of42)
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NEW YORK, NY - JULY 26: Doctor Zaher Hamadeh, originally of Syria, receives his U.S. citizenship certificate on July 26, 2013 in New York City. Eighty immigrants from 47 countries became American citizens at a naturalization ceremony held by the USCIS at the New York Historical Society. (Photo by John Moore/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Beirut: Cultural Capital In The Midst Of A Restive Region(36 of42)
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BEIRUT, LEBANON - JUNE 27: Aisha, 2, from Homs, Syria, stands with her father in a poor neighborhood with a high concentration of Syrian refugees on June 27, 2013 in Beirut, Lebanon. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon with no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Beirut: Cultural Capital In The Midst Of A Restive Region(37 of42)
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BEIRUT, LEBANON - JUNE 27: Aisha, 2, from Homs, Syria, runs down an alley in a poor neighborhood with a high concentration of Syrian refugees on June 27, 2013 in Beirut, Lebanon. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon with no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Beirut: Cultural Capital In The Midst Of A Restive Region(38 of42)
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BAALBEK, LEBANON - JUNE 28: Members of a Syrian family from the city of Homs watch a television in their tent inside of a camp for Syrians who have fled the fighting in their country on June 28, 2013 in Baalbek, Lebanon. Baalbek, which is located near the Syrian border, has numerous informal camps housing tens of thousands of refugees. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon as there is currently no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Beirut: Cultural Capital In The Midst Of A Restive Region(39 of42)
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BAALBEK, LEBANON - JUNE 28: A young Syrian girl from the city of Homs stands outside a home shares with family members inside a camp for Syrians who have fled the fighting in their country on June 28, 2013 in Baalbek, Lebanon. Baalbek, which is located near the Syrian border, has numerous informal camps housing tens of thousands of refugees. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon with no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Beirut: Cultural Capital In The Midst Of A Restive Region(40 of42)
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BAALBEK, LEBANON - JUNE 28: A Syrian refugee from the city of Homs holds a child inside a camp for Syrians who have fled the fighting in their country on June 28, 2013 in Baalbek, Lebanon. Baalbek, which is located near the Syrian border, has numerous informal camps housing tens of thousands of refugees. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon with no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Beirut: Cultural Capital In The Midst Of A Restive Region(41 of42)
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BAALBEK, LEBANON - JUNE 28: A Syrian father and daughter from the city of Homs watch a television in their tent inside of a camp for Syrians who have fled the fighting in their country on June 28, 2013 in Baalbek, Lebanon. Baalbek, which is located near the Syrian border, has numerous informal camps housing tens of thousands of refugees. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon with no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Beirut: Cultural Capital In The Midst Of A Restive Region(42 of42)
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BAALBEK, LEBANON - JUNE 28: A Syrian woman from the city of Homs makes coffee inside of the tent she shares with family members in a camp for Syrians who have fled the fighting in their country on June 28, 2013 in Baalbek, Lebanon. Baalbek, which is located near the Syrian border, has numerous informal camps housing tens of thousands of refugees. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon with no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)