ロシアが接収した「ウクライナの軍用イルカ」とは

ウクライナの軍用イルカたちは、仕える対象をロシア海軍に乗り換えた。
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The killer dolphins now belong to Russia

ウクライナの軍用イルカたちは、仕える対象をロシア海軍に乗り換えた。

クリミア半島のセヴァストポリで、軍用イルカの訓練プログラムを行ってきた研究所のスタッフによると、今後、軍用イルカに関する仕事はすべてロシア海軍が監督することになるという。ロシアの国有通信社RIAノーボスチ報じた

軍用イルカは、水中スパイ装置や、フロッグマンと呼ばれる敵のスキューバダイバー(水中工作員)、海底の機雷など、水中の軍事的脅威を識別するよう訓練されている。

このようなプログラムは、一般の人が聞くと滑稽なように思われるかもしれないが、イルカは水中において、最新鋭の人工ソナーシステムをはるかに上回る感度を備えている。さらにイルカは、プロペラの音で味方の潜水艦と外国の潜水艦を区別できるという。

かつては旧ソ連軍やアメリカ軍が、人間を攻撃するイルカを訓練していたという報道もある。加圧した二酸化炭素を注入できる装置を装備し、敵のダイバーを攻撃するイルカだ。

ソ連の崩壊後、同国のイルカたちはウクライナに移管された。障害児童の治療といった市民向けのサーヴィスにも利用されたが、港湾内での奇襲攻撃対策や船の防衛のための訓練も行われた。そして2012年には、ウクライナ海軍が、イルカを使った対人攻撃という構想を復活させようとしているとも報じられた。イルカの頭部に装着した特殊なナイフや銃を使って、敵の水中工作員を攻撃するよう訓練する計画だ。

今回、RIAノーボスチが取材したスタッフによると、「研究所の研究者たちは、イルカたちの水中での作業効率を高めるための、新たな装置を開発していた」という。

「専門家たちは、イルカの水中ソナーが検知した物体を信号に変換し、オペレーターのモニター上に表示する新しい装置を開発していた。しかし、ウクライナ海軍にはこうした技術にかける資金がなかったため、一部のプロジェクトは中止に追い込まれていた」と、このスタッフは語っている。ロシア軍はこうした計画を再開する可能性がある。

この研究所では軍用アシカも訓練されていた。彼らの未来も不透明だが、スタッフは、イルカやアシカの訓練が再開されることを期待していると述べている。

軍用イルカを積極的に利用しようとしてきた国は、ロシアとアメリカだけだ(アメリカは、1990年代の湾岸戦争と、2003年のイラク戦争において実戦で使用したとされる)。

しかし2000年には、セヴァストポリに拠点を置いていたある訓練センターが、保有するすべての海産動物をイランに売却した。このときは、同センターが保有していたセイウチ、アシカ、アザラシ、シロイルカなど、合わせて27頭の動物がペルシャ湾に送られている。

以下の動画では、アメリカ軍で行われているイルカの訓練の様子を見ることができる。

[Jessica Elgot(English) 日本語版:湯本牧子、合原弘子/ガリレオ]

ハフィントンポスト日本版はFacebook ページでも情報発信しています

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Anti-government protesters clash with police in Independence Square on February 19, 2014 in Kiev, Ukraine. Violent clashes erupted yesterday following renewed anti-government protests, with the death toll rising to 25. (credit:Reuters)
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Anti-government protesters clash with police in Independence Square on February 19, 2014 in Kiev, Ukraine. Violent clashes erupted yesterday following renewed anti-government protests, with the death toll rising to 25. (credit:Reuters)
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Anti-government protesters clash with police in Independence Square on February 19, 2014 in Kiev, Ukraine. Violent clashes erupted yesterday following renewed anti-government protests, with the death toll rising to 25. (credit:Reuters)
Violence Escalates As Kiev Protests Continue(56 of65)
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KIEV, UKRAINE - FEBRUARY 19: Anti-government protesters guard the perimeter of Independence Square, known as Maidan, on February 19, 2014 in Kiev, Ukraine. After several weeks of calm, violence has again flared between police and anti-government protesters, who are calling for the ouster of President Viktor Yanukovych over corruption and an abandoned trade agreement with the European Union. (Photo by Brendan Hoffman/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Violence Escalates As Kiev Protests Continue(57 of65)
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KIEV, UKRAINE - FEBRUARY 19: Anti-government protesters guard the perimeter of Independence Square, known as Maidan, on February 19, 2014 in Kiev, Ukraine. After several weeks of calm, violence has again flared between police and anti-government protesters, who are calling for the ouster of President Viktor Yanukovych over corruption and an abandoned trade agreement with the European Union. (Photo by Brendan Hoffman/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Violence Escalates As Kiev Protests Continue(58 of65)
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KIEV, UKRAINE - FEBRUARY 19: Anti-government protesters guard the perimeter of Independence Square, known as Maidan, on February 19, 2014 in Kiev, Ukraine. After several weeks of calm, violence has again flared between police and anti-government protesters, who are calling for the ouster of President Viktor Yanukovych over corruption and an abandoned trade agreement with the European Union. (Photo by Brendan Hoffman/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Violence Escalates As Kiev Protests Continue(59 of65)
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KIEV, UKRAINE - FEBRUARY 19: Anti-government protesters guard the perimeter of Independence Square, known as Maidan, on February 19, 2014 in Kiev, Ukraine. After several weeks of calm, violence has again flared between police and anti-government protesters, who are calling for the ouster of President Viktor Yanukovych over corruption and an abandoned trade agreement with the European Union. (Photo by Brendan Hoffman/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Violence Escalates As Kiev Protests Continue(60 of65)
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KIEV, UKRAINE - FEBRUARY 19: Fireworks fly over Independence Square, known as Maidan, during clashes in the early hours of on February 19, 2014 in Kiev, Ukraine. After several weeks of calm, violence has again flared between police and anti-government protesters, who are calling for the ouster of President Viktor Yanukovych over corruption and an abandoned trade agreement with the European Union. (Photo by Brendan Hoffman/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Violence Escalates As Kiev Protests Continue(61 of65)
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KIEV, UKRAINE - FEBRUARY 19: Anti-government protesters guard the perimeter of Independence Square, known as Maidan, on February 19, 2014 in Kiev, Ukraine. After several weeks of calm, violence has again flared between police and anti-government protesters, who are calling for the ouster of President Viktor Yanukovych over corruption and an abandoned trade agreement with the European Union. (Photo by Brendan Hoffman/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Violence Escalates As Kiev Protests Continue(62 of65)
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KIEV, UKRAINE - FEBRUARY 19: Anti-government protesters guard the perimeter of Independence Square, known as Maidan, on February 19, 2014 in Kiev, Ukraine. After several weeks of calm, violence has again flared between police and anti-government protesters, who are calling for the ouster of President Viktor Yanukovych over corruption and an abandoned trade agreement with the European Union. (Photo by Brendan Hoffman/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Violence Escalates As Kiev Protests Continue(63 of65)
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KIEV, UKRAINE - FEBRUARY 19: Anti-government protesters guard the perimeter of Independence Square, known as Maidan, on February 19, 2014 in Kiev, Ukraine. After several weeks of calm, violence has again flared between police and anti-government protesters, who are calling for the ouster of President Viktor Yanukovych over corruption and an abandoned trade agreement with the European Union. (Photo by Brendan Hoffman/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Violence Escalates As Kiev Protests Continue(64 of65)
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KIEV, UKRAINE - FEBRUARY 19: Anti-government protesters guard the perimeter of Independence Square, known as Maidan, on February 19, 2014 in Kiev, Ukraine. After several weeks of calm, violence has again flared between police and anti-government protesters, who are calling for the ouster of President Viktor Yanukovych over corruption and an abandoned trade agreement with the European Union. (Photo by Brendan Hoffman/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Violence Escalates As Kiev Protests Continue(65 of65)
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KIEV, UKRAINE - FEBRUARY 19: A fire truck is used to rescue people from the upper floors of a burning Trade Unions Building, which has been used as the de facto headquarters for anti-government protesters, on February 19, 2014 in Kiev, Ukraine. After several weeks of calm, violence has again flared between police and anti-government protesters, who are calling for the ouster of President Viktor Yanukovych over corruption and an abandoned trade agreement with the European Union. (Photo by Brendan Hoffman/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)