「トランプ氏のような扇動政治家は人権への深刻な脅威」ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチが警告

「このような『恥知らずの指導者』は、自分たちの残虐行為やその支えとなる政策を隠そうとしない」
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KHALIL ASHAWI / REUTERS

ドナルド・トランプ次期アメリカ大統領のような大衆に迎合する指導者の台頭は、世界的な脅威だと人権団体が警告している。

ヒューマン・ライツ・ウオッチ(HRW)は1月12日、年次世界人権年鑑を発表し、その中で「複数の指導者が台頭し、彼らは現状に対する大衆の不満が募る中、「国民」を代弁すると主張しているが、大多数の意思を受け入れるのに邪魔になるとして、権利を排斥している」と指摘した。

「大衆迎合主義の台頭は、人権への深刻な脅威だ」と、HRWのケネス・ロス代表は声明の中で語った。「トランプ氏やヨーロッパの政治家は、人種差別や外国人嫌悪、女性蔑視、移民排斥を訴えることで権力を握ろうとしている。彼らは揃って、民衆は人権侵害を容認すると主張している。雇用を守り、文化的な変革を避け、テロリストの攻撃を防ぐために必要だとみるならば、そうするという。実際は、人権を無視すれば、独裁政治の道を突き進む可能性が高くなる」

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ヒューマン・ライツ・ウオッチのケネス・ロス代表

報告書には、トランプ次期大統領が大きく取り上げられている。報告書は2015年末から2016年11月にかけて、90カ国以上を対象に人権問題についてまとめたものだ。トランプ次期大統領は、シリアのバッシャール・アサド大統領、ロシアのウラジーミル・プーチン大統領、フィリピンのロドリゴ・ドゥテルテ大統領といった政治指導者らと共にリストに掲載されている。

「ある種の政治家は、テロ容疑者や亡命希望者を保護するだけで権利だと表現して活躍し、政権を握っているが、それは安全や経済的福祉、推定多数の文化的嗜好を犠牲にしている」と、ロス氏は語った。「彼らは難民や移民コミュニティ、マイノリティをスケープゴートにしている。真実が頻繁に犠牲になっている」

ナショナリスト的な主張をしている政治家は近年、西側諸国の多くで波風を立てている。フランスでは極右政党「国民戦線」のマリーヌ・ルペン党首が大統領選に出馬している。同様に、ドイツやスウェーデン、オランダの右翼政党も大衆の支持を集めている。

ヒューマン・ライツ・ウオッチのアクシャヤ・クマール国連副次長は、こうした大衆迎合主義の指導者の多くは、誹謗中傷する者を抑え込むための戦略として、残虐行為を自慢すると語った。「このような『恥知らずの指導者』は、自分たちの残虐行為やその支えとなる政策を隠そうとしない。それどころか、選挙や人材採用の道具として堂々と誇示している」

クマール氏は、2016年のドゥテルテ大統領の発言に触れた。ドゥテルテ大統領は麻薬の売人を射殺する政府の政策について質問されたとき、「人権など関係ない」と語った。

ロス氏は、2016年は「危険な傾向」の前兆で「現代の人権運動の成果を反転させる脅威」だったと語った。彼は人権を支えている「基本的な価値をしっかりと再確認し、守ること」を求めた。また、いわゆる偽ニュースを撲滅させる必要性も指摘した。

「インターネットの荒らしや、嘘を拡散させようとする人たちがこぞって伝えたからといって、嘘が真実にはならない。部屋中に嘘を反響させる必要などどこにもない。事実はしっかりと残る。独裁者が必死になって不都合な真実を報じている者たちを検閲するのはそのためだ。特に人権侵害についてはそう言える」

ハフィントンポストUS版より翻訳・加筆しました。

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