「日本の難民認定、増やすべき」 緒方貞子・元国連難民高等弁務官が語る

緒方貞子・元国連難民高等弁務官は、日本の難民政策について、よくなっているとは言えないとし、政治のリーダーシップによって、より多くの難民を受け入れることが可能との見方を示した。
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Reuters

緒方貞子・元国連難民高等弁務官は29日、ロイターとのインタビューで、日本の難民政策について、よくなっているとは言えないとし、政治のリーダーシップによって、より多くの難民を受け入れることが可能との見方を示した。

日本の難民政策について、同氏は「前進していない」とし、日本は経済大国であり、政治的にも重要な役割を果たそうとしているが、人道的な見地からは十分な役割を果たしていない、と述べた。

法務省によると、2014年の日本での難民申請者数は5000人で過去最高を更新したが、そのうち条約難民と認定されたのは11人で、0.2%の認定率にとどまっている。

この数字について、緒方氏は「信じられない数字だ」とし、難民認定に対してはもっと門戸を開くべきだとの考えを示した。「難民が日本に来ているなら、また来たい人がいるのなら、日本はどれだけの支援ができるか検討すべきだ」と述べた。

難民認定制度については、厳し過ぎるとしたが、制度の問題か、その運用に問題があるのか判断するのは難しい、とした。

緒方氏は、1991年から2000年まで国連難民高等弁務官事務所(UNHCR)のトップとして、世界の難民問題に取り組んだ。

その経験を踏まえ緒方氏は、日本には難民受け入れのためのインフラが整っていないとの一部の見方に対し「100万人単位の難民が押し寄せているなら話は別だが、日本に来る難民の数は、それほど多くない。日本に受け入れる力がないというのはナンセンス」と一蹴した。

日本は、移民の歴史を持つ米国と違い、言語や人種が単一に近く、島国で、国際的ではないことが難民受け入れに慎重になる背景にあるとしながらも、政治のリーダーシップによって、日本社会が難民を受け入れる準備はできるとの考えを示した。[東京 29日 ロイター]

*インタビューは29日、英語で行いました。

(宮崎亜巳、リンダ・シーグ 編集:田巻一彦)

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