ISが化学工場に放火、イラク北部に有毒な煙が立ち込める 化学兵器も使用か

「呼吸がうまくできないんです」
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モスル南部の硫黄鉱山施設から煙が立っている。10月21日、IS(イスラム国)戦闘員が炎上させ、地域に有害な煙を発生させた。

【イラク・アルビルよりレポート】

イラク軍などによる過激派組織IS(イスラム国)が支配するイラク北部の都市モスルの奪還作戦に対し、ISが10月21日、アル・ミシュラクの硫黄鉱山施設などの化学工場に放火して撤退したあと、イラク北部地域に有毒な煙が舞い上がっている。

イラク軍を支援するアメリカ軍の前進基地があるケイヤラにいる29歳の医療助手、アフメド・ユーニス氏によると、モスル南部の火災によって排出された二酸化硫黄を吸い込み、民間人が少なくとも2人が死亡したという。21日の火災で、100人以上が治療を必要としている。

アメリカとイラク当局の関係者は、イラク第2の都市モスルの奪還作戦で、化学兵器を用いるべきと主張する強硬論に懸念を表明していた。2003年のイラク戦争以来最大規模となった作戦により、ISのイラク最大の拠点から追放することが現実味を帯びている。この作戦は数カ月続くだろうと、アメリカの軍事関係者は推測している

イラク軍は21日、モスル南部からISを追放したが、ISの戦闘員は撤退のとき、焦土作戦の一環としてあらゆるものを破壊している。ISはブービートラップ(撤退する時に仕掛ける爆弾などの罠)を張りめぐらし、油井・建物・農地に放火している。

「ケイヤラにも、煙でできた大きな雲が立ち込めていました」と 、ケイヤラの近くの町に住む30歳の民間人ホサムさんは21日、ハフポストUS版に語った。「呼吸がうまくできないんです」

ISは21日午後、 ケイヤラとモスルの間にあるアル・ミシュラクの硫黄鉱山施設の一部を放火した。空気中の有害なガスは、さらに悪化している。(画像提供: NASA)

ミシュラクから約18マイル(約29キロ)離れたケイヤラの町の隣にあるアメリカ軍の拠点「ケイヤラ・エアフィールド・ウエスト(Q-ウエスト)」では、独自の判断でガスマスクを装着していると、駐留中のアメリカ軍情報筋がハフポストUS版の電話取材に答えた。

アメリカが支援するイラク軍など奪還作戦の部隊は、ISが所有する化学兵器に歯止めを掛けるため、過去1年間ISの主要な化学兵器施設を攻撃目標にしてきた。アメリカとその他の連合国は、化学兵器の攻撃に備えて、パートナーのイラク軍を訓練してきた。しかしクルド人部隊「ペシュメルガ」の兵士たちは、十分なガスマスクがないと主張している。

ISは、キルクーク南部のタザ地区で大きな犠牲を出し、今もごく初歩的な化学兵器を保持している。タザ地区では3月のマスタードガスの攻撃で、民間人が肉体的にも精神的にも被害を受けていると、軍事化学の専門家は述べている。

「化学兵器は非常に恐ろしい危険性をはらんでいる」と、ジョージ・メイソン大学の生物兵器防衛大学院課程の主任グレゴリー・コブレンツ准教授はハフポストUS版に述べた。「マスタードガスは目に見えず、知らぬ間に進行し、無差別に攻撃するので、極度な恐怖やパニックが生じて、人々が無意識に被害を受けてしまう危険性がある」

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ISがタザ地区で3月に使ったマスタード兵器によってやけどした女性が、腕の火傷跡を見せる。

「ISが直接の攻撃で殺害する人数が少なくても、こうした化学兵器で多くの人々が被害を受けるのです」と、コブレンツ氏は付け加えた。

化学兵器の専門家たちがミシュラクの硫黄鉱山施設に派遣され、22日午後も、消防士が今だ消火作業にあたっていた。鎮火するまでには、あと数日掛かることだろう。

「ケイヤラの民間人たちは口と鼻を濡れた布で覆い、自宅を密閉している」と地元紙は伝えている。人々は油井から吹き上げる煙で体調に異変をきたしている。その油井は、イラク軍がISを追い出したとき、ISの戦闘員が放火したものだった。

民間人の多くはケイヤラを離れようとしているが、現地の治安部隊は検問所の通過を認めず、通過を妨害している。

主にスンニ派アラブ人が住んでいるケイヤラの住民は、有害なガスが蔓延しているにもかかわらず、ISの支持者や協力者がこの町から逃れ、他の場所でまた攻撃を始めるのではないかという懸念が広まっているために、民間人がここを離れることを禁止されていることに不満を漏らした。

21日には、ISがクルド自治政府が支配する北部の都市キルクークを襲撃し、イラク治安部隊の40人以上が死亡し、130人以上が負傷した。

「住民たちは逃げようとしているが、クルド人部隊のペシュメルガとイラク軍は、クルド自治政府が身元引き受けをしなければ、逃げることを許そうとしない」と、ケイヤラの住民は怒りながらまくした。

バジル・ラソルとカミラン・サドウンの寄稿

ハフポストUS版より翻訳・加筆しました。

▼画像集が開きます

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In this Saturday, Feb. 14, 2015 photo, family relative of abducted Coptic Christian Samuel Walham, one of 21 Coptic Egyptian men seized by Islamic State militants in the central city of Sirte, Libya more than a month ago, covers her face as she weeps at their home in the village of el-Aour, near Minya, 220 kilometers (135 miles) south of Cairo, Egypt. A video purporting to show the mass beheading of Coptic Christian hostages was released Sunday, Feb. 15, 2015, by militants in Libya affiliated with the Islamic State group. (AP Photo/Hassan Ammar) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
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In this Saturday, Feb. 14, 2015 photo, family relatives of abducted Coptic Christian Samuel Walham, one of 21 Coptic Egyptian men seized by Islamic State militants in the central city of Sirte, Libya more than a month ago, weep outside their home in the village of el-Aour, near Minya, 220 kilometers (135 miles) south of Cairo, Egypt. A video purporting to show the mass beheading of Coptic Christian hostages was released Sunday, Feb. 15, 2015, by militants in Libya affiliated with the Islamic State group. (AP Photo/Hassan Ammar) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Islamic State Copts(43 of62)
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In this Saturday, Feb. 14, 2015 photo, family relatives of abducted Coptic Christian Samuel Walham, one of 21 Coptic Egyptian men seized by Islamic State militants in the central city of Sirte, Libya, more than a month ago, weep outside their home in the village of el-Aour, near Minya, 220 kilometers (135 miles) south of Cairo, Egypt. A video purporting to show the mass beheading of Coptic Christian hostages was released Sunday, Feb. 15, 2015, by militants in Libya affiliated with the Islamic State group. (AP Photo/Hassan Ammar) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Mideast Egypt Islamic State(44 of62)
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In this image released by the Egyptian Presidency in the early hours of Monday, Feb. 16, 2015, President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi makes a statement after militants in Libya affiliated with the Islamic State group released a grisly video showing the beheading of several Egyptian Coptic Christians it had held hostage for weeks. Egypt said Monday it has launched airstrikes against Islamic State targets in Libya following the release of the video, marking the first time Cairo has publicly acknowledged taking military action in neighboring Libya, where extremist groups seen as a threat to both countries have taken root in recent years. (AP Photo/Egyptian Presidency) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
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Iraqi women react as they looks at their destroyed home after returning on February 14, 2015 to the village of Al-Mansuriya, 65 kilometres north-east of Diyala province, north of Baghdad, from which they and thousands of others were displaced due to fighting between government forces and militants from the Islamic State (IS) group. Iraqi government forces and allied militia retook Al-Mansuriya from the IS group\'s control on February 2, 2015. AFP PHOTO / YOUNIS AL-BAYATI (Photo credit should read YOUNIS AL-BAYATI/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:YOUNIS AL-BAYATI via Getty Images)
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Members of the Iraqi security forces give directions and cehck documents as Iraqis return to the village of Al-Mansuriya, 65 kilometres north-east of Diyala province, north of Baghdad, from which they were displaced due to fighting between government forces and militants from the Islamic State (IS) group on February 14, 2015. Iraqi government forces and allied militia retook Al-Mansuriya from the IS group\'s control on February 2, 2015. AFP PHOTO / YOUNIS AL-BAYATI (Photo credit should read YOUNIS AL-BAYATI/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:YOUNIS AL-BAYATI via Getty Images)
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An Iraqi woman reacts as she looks at her destroyed home after returning on February 14, 2015 to the village of Al-Mansuriya, 65 kilometres north-east of Diyala province, north of Baghdad, from which she and thousands of others were displaced due to fighting between government forces and militants from the Islamic State (IS) group. Iraqi government forces and allied militia retook Al-Mansuriya from the IS group\'s control on February 2, 2015. AFP PHOTO / YOUNIS AL-BAYATI (Photo credit should read YOUNIS AL-BAYATI/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:YOUNIS AL-BAYATI via Getty Images)
Relatives of Peshmergas held captive by ISIL stage protest in Iraq's Kirkuk(48 of62)
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KIRKUK, IRAQ - FEBRUARY 14: Relatives of Peshmergas, held captive by Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) terrorists, stage demonstration in Kirkuk, Iraq on February 14, 2015 (Photo by Ali Mukarrem Garip/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
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People mocking members of the Islamic State group parade during the 87th edition of the carnival parade in the streets of Aalst on February 15, 2015. AFP PHOTO / BELGA / NICOLAS MAETERLINCK ***BELGIUM OUT*** (Photo credit should read NICOLAS MAETERLINCK/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:NICOLAS MAETERLINCK via Getty Images)
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Palestinian protesters hold placard to protest against \'terrorism\' on February 13, 2015 before a demonstration against Jewish settlements in the West Bank village of Bilin, west of Ramallah. The posters show pictures of US aid worker Kayla Mueller, who died as a hostage of Islamic State (IS) group jihadists. AFP PHOTO/ABBAS MOMANI (Photo credit should read ABBAS MOMANI/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:ABBAS MOMANI via Getty Images)
NCSU Hold Vigil For Deah, Yusor, and Razan in Raleigh,USA(51 of62)
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RALEIGH, USA - February 12: People pray at the beginning of a vigil for Deah Shaddy Barakat, his wife Yusor Abu-Salha, and her sister Razan Abu-Salha on the campus of North Carolina State University in Raleigh, USA on February 12, 2015. Muslim students Deah Barakat, 23, his wife Yusor Mohammad Abu-Salha, 21, and her sister Razan Mohammad Abu-Salha, 19, were shot dead at their home on Tuesday in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. (Photo by Samuel Corum/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
NCSU Hold Vigil For Deah, Yusor, and Razan in Raleigh,USA(52 of62)
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RALEIGH, USA - February 12: Friends and family members pray at a vigil for Deah Shaddy Barakat, his wife Yusor Abu-Salha, and her sister Razan Abu-Salha on the campus of North Carolina State University in Raleigh, USA on February 12, 2015. Muslim students Deah Barakat, 23, his wife Yusor Mohammad Abu-Salha, 21, and her sister Razan Mohammad Abu-Salha, 19, were shot dead at their home on Tuesday in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. (Photo by Samuel Corum/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
NCSU Hold Vigil For Deah, Yusor, and Razan in Raleigh,USA(53 of62)
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RALEIGH, USA - February 12: People pray at the beginning of a vigil for Deah Shaddy Barakat, his wife Yusor Abu-Salha, and her sister Razan Abu-Salha on the campus of North Carolina State University in Raleigh, USA on February 12, 2015. Muslim students Deah Barakat, 23, his wife Yusor Mohammad Abu-Salha, 21, and her sister Razan Mohammad Abu-Salha, 19, were shot dead at their home on Tuesday in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. (Photo by Samuel Corum/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
NCSU Hold Vigil For Deah, Yusor, and Razan in Raleigh,USA(54 of62)
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RALEIGH, USA - February 12: Friends comfort each other at a vigil for Deah Shaddy Barakat, his wife Yusor Abu-Salha, and her sister Razan Abu-Salha on the campus of North Carolina State University in Raleigh, USA on February 12, 2015. Muslim students Deah Barakat, 23, his wife Yusor Mohammad Abu-Salha, 21, and her sister Razan Mohammad Abu-Salha, 19, were shot dead at their home on Tuesday in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. (Photo by Samuel Corum/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
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Children sit in a makeshift classroom after its opening at a camp that hosts Shiite Turkmen displaced families who fled violence in the northern city of Tal Afar due to attacks by Islamic State (IS) jihadists, on February 12, 2015, in Yeryawah, 25 km west of the northern Iraqi city of Kirkuk. Iraq\'s Turkmen minority, of Turkic ethnicity, is one of the country\'s largest and lives exclusively in the north. It is mostly Sunni Muslim but its Shiite component has been systematically targeted by jihadists over the past months. AFP PHOTO / MARWAN IBRAHIM (Photo credit should read MARWAN IBRAHIM/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:MARWAN IBRAHIM via Getty Images)
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Children sit in a makeshift classroom after its opening at a camp that hosts Shiite Turkmen displaced families who fled violence in the northern city of Tal Afar due to attacks by Islamic State (IS) jihadists, on February 12, 2015, in Yeryawah, 25 km west of the northern Iraqi city of Kirkuk. Iraq\'s Turkmen minority, of Turkic ethnicity, is one of the country\'s largest and lives exclusively in the north. It is mostly Sunni Muslim but its Shiite component has been systematically targeted by jihadists over the past months. AFP PHOTO / MARWAN IBRAHIM (Photo credit should read MARWAN IBRAHIM/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:MARWAN IBRAHIM via Getty Images)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - FEBRUARY 12: A Group of Syrian Kurds, has been sheltering in Turkey as a result of ongoing clashes between Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) terrorists and Kurdish armed groups, return to their hometown Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) by the guidance of Turkish officials after ISIL leaves, in Sanliurfa, Turkey on February 12, 2015. (Photo by Halil Fidan/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
A group of Syrian refugees return to their hometowns Kobani from Turkey(58 of62)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - FEBRUARY 12: A Group of Syrian Kurds, has been sheltering in Turkey as a result of ongoing clashes between Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) terrorists and Kurdish armed groups, return to their hometown Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) by the guidance of Turkish officials after ISIL leaves, in Sanliurfa, Turkey on February 12, 2015. (Photo by Halil Fidan/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
A group of Syrian refugees return to their hometowns Kobani from Turkey(59 of62)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - FEBRUARY 12: A Group of Syrian Kurds, has been sheltering in Turkey as a result of ongoing clashes between Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) terrorists and Kurdish armed groups, return to their hometown Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) by the guidance of Turkish officials after ISIL leaves, in Sanliurfa, Turkey on February 12, 2015. (Photo by Halil Fidan/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
A group of Syrian refugees return to their hometowns Kobani from Turkey(60 of62)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - FEBRUARY 12: A Group of Syrian Kurds, has been sheltering in Turkey as a result of ongoing clashes between Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) terrorists and Kurdish armed groups, return to their hometown Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) by the guidance of Turkish officials after ISIL leaves, in Sanliurfa, Turkey on February 12, 2015. (Photo by Halil Fidan/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
A group of Syrian refugees return to their hometowns Kobani from Turkey(61 of62)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - FEBRUARY 12: A Group of Syrian Kurds, has been sheltering in Turkey as a result of ongoing clashes between Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) terrorists and Kurdish armed groups, return to their hometown Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) by the guidance of Turkish officials after ISIL leaves, in Sanliurfa, Turkey on February 12, 2015. (Photo by Halil Fidan/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
A group of Syrian refugees return to their hometowns Kobani from Turkey(62 of62)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - FEBRUARY 12: A Group of Syrian Kurds, has been sheltering in Turkey as a result of ongoing clashes between Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) terrorists and Kurdish armed groups, return to their hometown Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) by the guidance of Turkish officials after ISIL leaves, in Sanliurfa, Turkey on February 12, 2015. (Photo by Halil Fidan/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)

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