日本、イランへも原発輸出か 日本に求められる中東への役割とは【争点:安全保障】

日本はイランに、原発建設で協力する用意があると、外務省スポークスマンが話した。イランにおける各問題の解決に、日本の役割が問われている形だ。
|

「日本はイランでの原発建設に、協力する用意がある。」

イラン国営通信は11月10日、イランが希望するなら日本はイランで原発建設に協力する用意があるという、日本の外務報道官の話を報じた。イランの核開発問題の解決に向けての、日本の提案の一つとみられる。

イランは一部の核関連施設について、国際原子力機関(IAEA)の査察を受け入れていない。そのため、イラン国内において、核兵器の開発が疑われている状態だ。

イランの核開発問題を巡っては、国連安保理の常任理事国5カ国にドイツを加えた「P5プラス1」とイランとの間で、今月7日から3日間、スイスのジュネーブで解決にむけた協議が行われていた。核兵器の開発につながるとされるウランの濃縮をイランが縮小する代わりに、欧米側が経済制裁の一部を緩和するということを目指したものだ。

しかし、今回の協議では合意には至ることができず、20日に再度、協議が行われることになった。合意に至らなかったのは、フランスの強い反対があったためとみられる。

欧米メディアによると、フランスのファビウス外相は、核兵器の原料となるプルトニウム製造につながるイラン西部アラクの実験用重水炉の建設中断などを要求した。だがイラン側は、平和利用を目的とした核開発計画から切り離すことはできないとして拒否したという。

(MSN産経ニュース「ウラン濃縮継続「譲歩しない」 イラン大統領」より 2013/11/10 19:43)

フランスが反対した背景には、イスラエルの存在も一因と伝えられている。

イスラエルはイランを最大の敵国とみなしているため、欧米とイランが歩み寄ることに激しく反発している。しかし、アメリカへの説得が失敗に終わったため、フランスを利用したとする見方がある。

(フランスの政治アナリストであるフランク・ダージュン氏)「自らの対イラン政策にアメリカを完全に同調させることに失望したイスラエルは、今回、イランとの協議に参加する6カ国の他のメンバーを自らの陣営に引き寄せようとし、フランスの政府高官に影響を与えることで、彼らにジュネーブ会議で妨害を行わせることに成功した」

(イランラジオ「仏人分析家、「ジュネーブ会議でのフランスの妨害はイスラエルの影響」」より 2013/11/10 21:49)

イスラエルの同盟国であるアメリカは、現在イランと国交がない。しかし、ここ最近アメリカは、イランに対し柔軟な態度をとるようになってきた。オバマ大統領は9月24日の国連総会の演説において、イランは原子力を平和利用する権利を有しているとも発言している。

オバマ氏はさらに、イランによる原子力の平和利用を認めるべきだとしたうえで、関係国とともにイラン政府との外交交渉を進めるようケリー米国務長官に指示したことを明らかにした。

(朝日新聞デジタル「イラン核問題の解決に意欲 オバマ氏、国連総会で演説 - 国際」より 2013/9/25 01:15)

アメリカが態度を変化させた理由には、ロウハニ師のイラン大統領就任がある。ロウハニ師は、制裁によって経済状況が悪化する状況に嫌気が差した国民からの支持を得て、大統領に当選した。

イランは経済制裁によって、高い失業率や、物価の上昇、通貨安、生産性の低下という経済の4重苦に陥っており、一刻も早くこの状況から抜け出したいとする国民感情が高まっている。1979年11月のイランアメリカ大使館占拠事件の実行犯のひとりも、今こそアメリカと友好な関係を築くべきと述べている。

米大使館占拠事件の元実行犯 アッバス・アブディ氏

「今は、アメリカとイランの緊張を緩和させる最大のチャンスだ。

両国は、もっと共通の国益を重視するべきだと思う。

相違点でぶつかり合うよりも、共通点で協力していくべきだ。」

(NHK 特集まるごと『「反米」めぐり揺れるイラン』より 2013/11/5)

ロウハニ師は2003年にウラン濃縮活動を一時停止した際に、交渉責任者を務めていた。そのため交渉で合意ができれば、経済制裁をはじめてから増え続けているイランのウラン濃縮活動に、歯止めがかかるのではないかとの思惑もある。

しかしアメリカ国内には、ユダヤ系ロビーなど、イランへの経済制裁を緩和させることに慎重な動きもある。共和党のジョン・マケイン議員はTwitterで、今回の合意が成立しなかったことについて、フランスの行為を褒めている。

イランとの良くない核協議へ反対する勇気を、フランスは持っていた。フランス万歳!

このように、表向きにはイランとの関係が改善しにくい背景がアメリカやフランスに存在する。そのため、中東諸国との関係改善には、アメリカの同盟国である日本の役割が、重要になってくるのではないかとの分析もある。中東諸国にとって日本は最大の輸出国の一つでもあり、経済的な影響を持っていると考えられるためだ。

あまり広く認識されてはいないが、日本はペルシャ湾において、経済的に最も影響力のある国である。中東との歴史的なお荷物もなく、加えて、「アラブストリート(アラブ経済界)」からは尊敬されている。

(ハフポストUS版・ブログ記事「Japan's Influence in the Middle East | Daniel Wagner」より 2013/10/25/ 08:13)

日本はイスラエルやイラン両国と友好な関係を続けているという、ユニークなポジションを利用して、この問題に解決にあたるべきではないか。そんな期待も寄せられる。

日本がイランに対し「原発を輸出するべきか」という議論は、日本の中でも必要だろう。なお、イランは既に、新しい原発の建設にあたり、日本にも協力を依頼する考えがあるようだ。

イランが15日からの核協議で、外国資本による新たな原子力発電所の建設を提案する意向である、とイラン政府関係者が取材に明らかにした。施工主として日本、米国、ドイツ、フランスの企業を想定しているという。

(朝日新聞デジタル「イラン、新原発建設を提案へ 日米独仏など外資進出想定 - 国際」より 2013/10/14 00:35)

イランの核開発と日本の役割について、あなたはどう考えますか。ご意見をお寄せ下さい。

関連記事

イラン ロウハニ次期大統領画像集
President Elect Hassan Rouhani Holds His First Press Conference(01 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - JUNE 17: Iran\'s president elect Hassan Rouhani waves during his first press conference after being elected on June 17, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Rouhani expressed hope that Iran can reach a new agreement with major powers over its disputed nuclear program, saying a deal should be reached through more transparency and mutual trust. (Photo by Majid Saeedi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Conservative Hassan Rouhani, deputy speaker of the(02 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN: Conservative Hassan Rouhani, deputy speaker of the parliament and secretary of Iran\'s top security body, the Supreme National Security Council, addresses thousands of pro-regime demonstrators who gathered 14 July 1999 at Tehran University, the main focus of six days of student protests which have shaken Iran\'s Islamic regime. Rouhani said the students arrested during the past two days of violent protests will be tried as \'counter-revolutionaries\'. (Photo credit should read ATTA KENARE/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Iranians Rally For Presidential Candidates At Street Campaign(03 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - JUNE 11: A woman holds campaign posters in the streets during a presidential election rally on June 11, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Reformists are standing behind moderate cleric Hassan Rouhani as successor to Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Iranian\'s go to the polls on June 14. (Photo by Majid Saeedi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Presidential Candidate Hassan Rouhani Campaigns(04 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - MAY 30: A campaign poster featuring Iran\'s former nuclear negotiator and presidential candidate, Hassan Rouhani, adorns a wall during a campaign rally on May 30, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Rohani, 64, who is viewed by some as a moderate, and the other seven presidential candidates are due to come face-to-face in a televised debate tomorrow. The election is scheduled for June 14, 2013. (Photo by Majid Saeedi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Iranians Rally For Presidential Candidates At Street Campaign(05 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - JUNE 11: People hold campaign posters of Iranian presidential candidate, conservative former chief of the Revolutionary Guards Mohsen Rezai in the streets during a presidential election rally on June 11, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Reformists are standing behind moderate cleric Hassan Rouhani as successor to Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Iranian\'s go to the polls on June 14. (Photo by Majid Saeedi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Iranians Rally For Presidential Candidates At Street Campaign(06 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - JUNE 11: People hold campaign posters of Iranian presidential candidate, Hassan Rowhani in the streets during a presidential election rally on June 11, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Reformists are standing behind moderate cleric Hassan Rouhani as successor to Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Iranian\'s go to the polls on June 14. (Photo by Majid Saeedi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Iranians Rally For Presidential Candidates At Street Campaign(07 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - JUNE 11: People hold campaign posters in the streets during a presidential election rally on June 11, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Reformists are standing behind moderate cleric Hassan Rouhani as successor to Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Iranian\'s go to the polls on June 14. (Photo by Majid Saeedi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Iranians Rally For Presidential Candidates At Street Campaign(08 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - JUNE 11: People hold campaign posters of Iranian presidential candidate, Hassan Rowhani in the streets during a presidential election rally on June 11, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Reformists are standing behind moderate cleric Hassan Rouhani as successor to Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Iranians go to the polls on June 14. (Photo by Majid Saeedi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Iranians Rally For Presidential Candidates At Street Campaign(09 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - JUNE 11: People hold campaign posters in the streets during a presidential election rally on June 11, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Reformists are standing behind moderate cleric Hassan Rouhani as successor to Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Iranian\'s go to the polls on June 14. (Photo by Majid Saeedi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Hassan Rouhani Supporters Celebrate His Victory In Iran's Presidential Election(10 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - JUNE 15: Supporters of Hassan Rouhani take to the streets anticipating his imminent victory in the presidential election on June 15, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Iranians elected centrist candidate Rouhani, who was an early favorite and the choice of the establishment, in today\'s election. (Photo by Kaveh Kazemi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Hassan Rouhani Supporters Celebrate His Victory In Iran's Presidential Election(11 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - JUNE 15: Supporters of Hassan Rouhani take to the streets anticipating his imminent victory in the presidential election on June 15, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Iranians elected centrist candidate Rouhani, who was an early favorite and the choice of the establishment, in today\'s election. (Photo by Kaveh Kazemi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Hassan Rouhani Supporters Celebrate His Victory In Iran's Presidential Election(12 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - JUNE 15: Supporters of Hassan Rouhani take to the streets anticipating his imminent victory in the presidential election on June 15, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Iranians elected centrist candidate Rouhani, who was an early favorite and the choice of the establishment, in today\'s election. (Photo by Kaveh Kazemi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Hassan Rouhani Supporters Celebrate His Victory In Iran's Presidential Election(13 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - JUNE 15: Supporters of Hassan Rouhani take to the streets anticipating his imminent victory in the presidential election on June 15, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Iranians elected centrist candidate Rouhani, who was an early favorite and the choice of the establishment, in today\'s election. (Photo by Kaveh Kazemi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Iranians Rally For Presidential Candidates At Street Campaign(14 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - JUNE 11: People hold campaign posters in the streets during a presidential election rally on June 11, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Reformists are standing behind moderate cleric Hassan Rouhani as successor to Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Iranians go to the polls on June 14. (Photo by Majid Saeedi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Iranians Rally For Presidential Candidates At Street Campaign(15 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - JUNE 11: People hold campaign posters in the streets during a presidential election rally on June 11, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Reformists are standing behind moderate cleric Hassan Rouhani as successor to Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Iranians go to the polls on June 14. (Photo by Majid Saeedi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Hassan Rouhani Supporters Celebrate His Victory In Iran's Presidential Election(16 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - JUNE 15: Supporters of Hassan Rouhani take to the streets anticipating his imminent victory in the presidential election on June 15, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Iranians elected centrist candidate Rouhani, who was an early favorite and the choice of the establishment, in today\'s election. (Photo by Kaveh Kazemi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
President Elect Hassan Rouhani Holds His First Press Conference(17 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - JUNE 17: Iran\'s president elect Hassan Rouhani waves at the domestic and international press during his first press conference on June 17, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. He suggested that the policies of his government would be confidence building measures with the west and transparency on Iran\'s nuclear issue. (Photo by Kaveh Kazemi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
President Elect Hassan Rouhani Holds His First Press Conference(18 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - JUNE 17: Iran\'s president elect Hassan Rouhani answers the domestic and international press during his first press conference on June 17, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. He suggested that the policies of his government would be confidence building measures with the west and transparency on Iran\'s nuclear issue. (Photo by Kaveh Kazemi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
President Elect Hassan Rouhani Holds His First Press Conference(19 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - JUNE 17: Iran\'s president elect Hassan Rouhani speaks during his first press conference after being elected on June 17, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Rouhani expressed hope that Iran can reach a new agreement with major powers over its disputed nuclear program, saying a deal should be reached through more transparency and mutual trust. (Photo by Kaveh Kazemi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
President Elect Hassan Rouhani Holds His First Press Conference(20 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - JUNE 17: Iran\'s president elect Hassan Rouhani attends his first press conference after being elected on June 17, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Rouhani expressed hope that Iran can reach a new agreement with major powers over its disputed nuclear program, saying a deal should be reached through more transparency and mutual trust. (Photo by Kaveh Kazemi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
President Elect Hassan Rouhani Holds His First Press Conference(21 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - JUNE 17: Iran\'s president elect Hassan Rouhani takes a drink during his first press conference after being elected on June 17, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Rouhani expressed hope that Iran can reach a new agreement with major powers over its disputed nuclear program, saying a deal should be reached through more transparency and mutual trust. (Photo by Majid Saeedi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
President Elect Hassan Rouhani Holds His First Press Conference(22 of25)
Open Image Modal
TEHRAN, IRAN - JUNE 17: Iran\'s president elect Hassan Rouhani speaks during his first press conference after being elected on June 17, 2013 in Tehran, Iran. Rouhani expressed hope that Iran can reach a new agreement with major powers over its disputed nuclear program, saying a deal should be reached through more transparency and mutual trust. (Photo by Majid Saeedi/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Israeli Weekly Cabinet Meeting(23 of25)
Open Image Modal
JERUSALEM, ISRAEL - JUNE 16: (ISRAEL OUT) Israel\'s Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu chairs the weekly cabinet meeting on June 16, 2013 in Jerusalem, Israel. Netanyahu has called for continued international pressure on Iran after the election of reformist-backed Hassan Rouhani as the new president of Iran. (Photo by Uriel Sinai/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Israeli Weekly Cabinet Meeting(24 of25)
Open Image Modal
JERUSALEM, ISRAEL - JUNE 16: (ISRAEL OUT) Israel\'s Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu chairs the weekly cabinet meeting on June 16, 2013 in Jerusalem, Israel. Netanyahu has called for continued international pressure on Iran after the election of reformist-backed Hassan Rouhani as the new president of Iran. (Photo by Uriel Sinai/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
President of Iran Mahmoud Ahmedinejad ta(25 of25)
Open Image Modal
President of Iran Mahmoud Ahmedinejad talks during his press conference after the 11th Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) Summit in Istanbul, on December 23, 2010. Ahmadinejad said Thursday that upcoming talks with world powers in Istanbul would show whether the row over Tehran\'s nuclear programme could be resolved through cooperation. AFP PHOTO / MUSTAFA OZER (Photo credit should read MUSTAFA OZER/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)