後藤健二さん解放の鍵を握るヨルダン イスラム国が拘束したパイロットが焦点か

過激派「イスラム国」がジャーナリストの後藤健二さんの殺害を予告している事件について、ヨルダンの対応に注目が集まっている。
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AMMAN, JORDAN - DECEMBER 26: People demonstrate against the ISIS capturing of Jordanian pilot Muath al Kasasbeh on December 26, 2014 in Amman, Jordan. Jordanians walked in support of the government's policies against ISIS and in the hope of saving the first capturing of a servicemen since Jordan joined the United States led coalition against the extremist group. (Photo by Jordan Pix/ Getty Images)
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過激派「イスラム国」がジャーナリスト後藤健二さんの殺害を予告している事件について、ヨルダンの対応に注目が集まっている。

イスラム国は、後藤さんの殺害を予告する動画の中で、ヨルダンで収監中のサジダ・リシャウィ死刑囚の釈放を要求している。2005年にヨルダンの首都アンマンで起きた連続ホテル爆破テロに関与したとされる。このテロでは死者が約60人に達し、欧米諸国との友好関係を重視するヨルダン政府に大きな衝撃を与えた。

今のところ、イスラム国の新たな要求に対するヨルダン政府の公式反応はない。日本政府はヨルダンに現地対策本部を置き、安倍首相もアブドラ国王に電話をして協力を要請した。後藤さんの解放は、ヨルダン政府がリシャウィ死刑囚を釈放するか否かが決定打となりそうだ。

■ヨルダン軍のパイロットと「2対2」の交換案も

実はこのリシャウィ死刑囚をめぐって、ヨルダン国内では、後藤さんの事件の前から、ある案が地元のメディアや識者の間で出ていた。2014年12月にイスラム国に拘束されたヨルダン軍のパイロットと交換で釈放する案だ。

NHKニュースによると、ヨルダン軍パイロットのムアーズ・カサースベさんが、F16戦闘機の飛行中にイスラム国の支配するシリア北部のラッカ近郊に墜落、イスラム国に拘束された。ヨルダンがアメリカ主導の有志連合の一員として、イスラム国掃討の空爆に参加しているさなかの事件だった。

アメリカ軍とヨルダン軍の特殊部隊が救出作戦を試みたものの、作戦は失敗。ヨルダン国内ではムアーズさんを取り戻す次の手段として、このリシャウィ死刑囚と交換する案が浮上していたという。

このため、日本人の後藤さんの解放のためだけにリシャウィ死刑囚を釈放することには、ヨルダン世論の反発も予想される。

ただし、ヨルダンの国連大使などを歴任したアドナン・アブオデハさんによると、イスラム国にムアーズさんと後藤さんを解放させる見返りに、リシャウィ死刑囚ともう1人を釈放する「2対2の身柄交換」であれば可能性があるという認識を示している。NHKニュースの電話取材に彼は「難しい交渉になるがやってみるだけの価値はあるだろう」と、話している。

■ヨルダンってどんな国?

ヨルダンの正式名称は、ヨルダン・ハシミテ王国。人口約645万人の立憲君主国家で、人口の約7割はパレスチナ系住民だ。面積8.9万平方キロで、北海道程度。イラクやシリア、イスラエルと国境を接しており、イラクやシリアの難民も流れ込んでいる。

元首はアブドラ国王。日本とは1954年に国交を樹立し、皇室と王室の間の交流も活発だ。主な対日輸出品はリン鉱石や肥料。日本からは自動車や機械を多く輸入している。外務省のデータによると、日本のアニメ、マンガが若者を中心に絶大な人気があるほか、武道、日本食、伝統芸能を中心に日本文化への関心が高いという。

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