低所得の若者に現金を直接支給 ソウル市の独自施策に韓国政府は猛反発

財政状況の比較的良好な自治体が、独自で現金を直接支給する福祉施策を始める動きが広がっている。
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Young man abandoned lost in depression sitting on ground street subway tunnel suffering emotional pain, sadness and looking destroyed and desperate leaning on wall alone
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就職難や低所得に悩む若い世代に現金を直接支給する制度を、韓国の首都・ソウル市が試行した。韓国政府はこれに猛反発している。

ソウル市は8月3日、「青年活動支援費」として、計2831人に1人あたり50万ウォン(約4万5000円)を支給した。聯合ニュースによると、ソウル市に住む満19~29歳のうち、勤務時間が30時間に満たない人に、最長6カ月間、学費や交通費、食費などの補助として、月50万ウォンを支給する制度。2016年度は3000人を対象にモデル事業として実施し、将来的に拡大する計画だ。

野党系で、社会福祉や所得分配を重視する朴元淳(パク・ウォンスン)市長の肝いり事業として2015年11月、定職につかない若者を市役所でインターンとして雇用したり、シェアハウスを提供したりするなどの施策とともに発表した

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朴元淳ソウル市長

この計画が発表されると、政府の保健福祉省は「若者への現金支給は、失業の根本的な解決策ではなく、モラルの低下など副作用を引き起こす」と強く反対してきた。ソウル市には保健福祉省と協議して了解を求めてきたが、政府は反対姿勢を崩さず、ソウル市が見切り発車した形だ。8月3日、政府は「若者手当」を即時中断するようソウル市に是正命令を出した。従わなければ強制的に取り消し措置も辞さないとする政府に対し、ソウル市は裁判で争う構えだ。

韓国では15~29歳の若年層の失業率が2015年で9.2%に達している。全年齢の失業率3.6%に比べて高く、大きな社会問題になっている。

ソウル市の南に隣接するベッドタウン、京畿道城南(ソンナム)市も2016年から、満24歳で3年以上居住する計約1万1300人に対し、4半期ごとに年間計50万ウォンを支給する制度を始めている。京畿道も、18~34歳の低所得者が3年間勤続して毎月10万ウォン貯金すれば、道の予算などで25万ウォンを援助し、最終的に1000万ウォン(約90万円)を貯蓄できる独自の積立制度を始めた。

財政状況の比較的良好な自治体が、独自で現金を直接支給する福祉施策を始める動きが広がっており、政府は「ポピュリズム」と警戒。自治体独自の福祉事業を国との協議事項と定めるなど、引き締めに乗り出している。

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韓国・光州事件
South Korea Kwangju Anti-government Demonstration(01 of45)
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Student demonstrators watch a police vehicle burn near Seoul\'s South Gate on Thursday, May 15, 1980. More than 50,000 university students continued anti-government demonstration for the third straight day. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
1980 Kwangju Riot(02 of45)
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Mass students demonstrators demand the lifting of martial law and the resignation of Premier Shin Hyon-Hwack and Korean Central Intelligence chief Lt. Gen. Chun Doo-Hwan, May. 1980. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
1980 Kwangju Riot(03 of45)
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Mass students demonstrators demand the lifting of martial law and the resignation of Premier Shin Hyon-Hwack and Korean Central Intelligence chief Lt. Gen. Chun Doo-Hwan, May. 1980. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
1980 Kwangju Riot(04 of45)
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Mass students demonstrators demand the lifting of martial law and the resignation of Premier Shin Hyon-Hwack and Korean Central Intelligence chief Lt. Gen. Chun Doo-Hwan, May. 1980. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
1980 Kwangju Riot(05 of45)
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Mass students demonstrators demand the lifting of martial law and the resignation of Premier Shin Hyon-Hwack and Korean Central Intelligence chief Lt. Gen. Chun Doo-Hwan, May. 1980. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
1980 Kwangju Riot(06 of45)
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Mass students demonstrators demand the lifting of martial law and the resignation of Premier Shin Hyon-Hwack and Korean Central Intelligence chief Lt. Gen. Chun Doo-Hwan, May. 1980. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
1980 Kwangju Riot(07 of45)
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Mass students demonstrators demand the lifting of martial law and the resignation of Premier Shin Hyon-Hwack and Korean Central Intelligence chief Lt. Gen. Chun Doo-Hwan, May. 1980. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
1980 Kwangju Riot(08 of45)
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Mass students demonstrators demand the lifting of martial law and the resignation of Premier Shin Hyon-Hwack and Korean Central Intelligence chief Lt. Gen. Chun Doo-Hwan, May. 1980. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
1980 Kwangju Riot(09 of45)
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Mass students demonstrators demand the lifting of martial law and the resignation of Premier Shin Hyon-Hwack and Korean Central Intelligence chief Lt. Gen. Chun Doo-Hwan, May. 1980. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
1980 Kwangju Riot(10 of45)
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Street scene of Seoul\'s South Gate Friday morning May 16, 1980, where more than 50,000 university students battled with riot police Thursday afternoon killing one policeman. Anti-government student demonstrators demand lifting of martial law. (AP Photo/KCK) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
KOREA KWANGJU RIOTS 1980(11 of45)
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Cars burn on the streets of Kwangju, South Korea, May 19, 1980, as anti-government demonstrators protest, background. (AP Photo) (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
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Anti-government demonstrators burn cars on the street of Kwangju, a provincial capital some 250 kilometers south of Seoul, during demonstration on Monday, May 19, 1980. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
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Student demonstrators watch a police vehicle burn near Seoul\'s South Gate on Thursday, May 15, 1980. More than 50,000 university students continued anti-government demonstration for the third straight day. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
1980 Kwangju Riot(14 of45)
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Street scene of Seoul\'s South Gate Friday morning May 16, 1980, where more than 50,000 university students battled with riot police Thursday afternoon killing one policeman. Anti-government student demonstrators demand lifting of martial law. (AP Photo/KCK) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
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Anti-government demonstrators burn cars on the street of Kwangju, a provincial capital some 250 kilometers south of Seoul, during demonstration on Monday, May 19, 1980. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Kwangju Riot(17 of45)
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South Korean troops disperse anti-government demonstration on street in Kwangju, some 250 km south of Seoul Monday, May 20, 1980. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
1980 Kwangju Riot(18 of45)
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Army paratroops called into this provincial capital after violent anti-government demonstrations force a group of men to kneel and strip Monday May 20, 1980. Some 500 to 800 persons were arrested in the two days of protests Sunday and Monday. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
1980 Kwangju Riot(19 of45)
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Army paratroops seat a group of anti-demonstrators Monday May 20, 1980 with riot sticks. Some 500 to 800 persons were arrested in the demonstrations in this provincial capital 250 km south of Swoul. Many were injured and sources said at least two persons died. (AP Photo/KCK) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
1980 Kwangju Riot(20 of45)
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Army paratroopers arrest demonstrators Monday May 20, 1980 in this provincial capitol following violent anti-government demonstrations. In lower left foreground, a soldiers kicks one of the 500 to 800 perons arrested. Sources said two demonstrators died of injuries. (AP Photo/KCK) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
1980 Kwangju Riot(21 of45)
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Anti-government demonstrators in Kwangju Monday May 20, 1980 set fire to cars on street during demonstration. (AP Photo/KCK) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
1980 Kwangju Riot(22 of45)
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A helmeted army paratroops clubs man arredted during violent anti-government demonstrations Monday this provincial capital, May 20, 1980. Up to 800 persons were arrested, and forces said two demonstrators died of injuries. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
(23 of45)
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韓国の国旗を掲げ、「民族民主化大集会」参加のため校門を出た全南大学の教授ら。後ろから学生らが続き、民主化を求めるスローガンを叫んでいる (credit:5.18記念財団)
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全羅南道庁前の広場。噴水を中心に2万人以上の市民と学生が集まり「民族民主化大集会」を開いた。 (credit:5.18記念財団)
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全南大学の正門前で機動隊と向かい合う学生デモ隊 (credit:5.18記念財団)
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棍棒で無抵抗の学生を叩く衛生兵 (credit:5.18記念財団)
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空挺部隊に棍棒で頭を叩かれ、血を流して連行される若い夫婦 (credit:5.18記念財団)
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(29 of45)
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1980年5月19日午後3時ごろ、戒厳軍は光州市東部の錦南路に投入され、市内の全地域に配置された。 (credit:5.18記念財団)
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戒厳令撤廃を求める市民が、光州市東部の錦南路にあるカトリックセンターの前で空挺部隊や警察と向かい合っている。 (credit:5.18記念財団)
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デモ隊は郷土予備軍の武器を奪取して武装し「市民軍」となった。トラックの荷台に乗って走る「市民軍」に、沿道で市民が拍手をしている (credit:5.18記念財団)
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(35 of45)
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光州市内に再度投入された戒厳軍 (credit:5.18記念財団)
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The body of a man killed in anti-government rioting in this provincial capital is draped by a Korean National flag by demonstrators, May 22, 1980. At least 24 persons died in four days of fighting that the protestors in a most complete control of the day. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
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Families and relatives gather around the coffins of dead protesters at provincial headquaters of Kwangju, South Korea, May 23, 1980, some 250 kilometers south of Seoul. About 65 people were killed during anti-government protests. (AP Photo/KCK) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
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FILE -- South Korea\'s opposition leader Kim Dae-Jung, front row, second from right, sits between military police officers at the opening day of a trial at Army General Court Martial in this Aug. 14, 1980 file photo. Kim, 73, a veteran opposition leader once persecuted by military dictators, won the presidential election Thursday, Dec. 18, 1997. (AP Photo/Yonhap, Pool) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
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A South Korean woman, Kim Chom-Rye, holds a portra(44 of45)
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SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - NOVEMBER 25: A South Korean woman, Kim Chom-Rye, holds a portrait of her father killed in the 1980 Kwangju massacre during an anti-government demonstration in Seoul 25 November. The demonstrators called on President Kim Young-Sam to honor a promise to punish the \'key masterminds\' of the massacre in which 200 died and more than 1,000 were wounded. AFP PHOTO (Photo credit should read CHOO YOUN-KONG/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:CHOO YOUN-KONG via Getty Images)
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(FILES) File picture dated 26 August 1996 of former South Korean presidents Roh Tae-Woo (C) and Chun Doo-Hwan (R) standing hand in hand in court 26 August as they wait for judge Kim Young-Il of the Seoul district court to sentenced them for their role in the 1979 military coup and the 1980 Kwangju massacre. A senior government official said 09 August that South Korean President Kim Young-Sam is likely to amnesty the former presidents before he finishes his official term early next year. AFP PHOTO (Photo credit should read JOONGANG ILBO/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:AFP via Getty Images)