「朝鮮半島の平和へ4者会談を」----林東源・元韓国統一相

韓国の金大中政権下、前回見た米国のペリー元国防長官と手を携える形で朝鮮半島の平和プロセスを推し進めた林東源(イム・ドンウォン)元統一相はいまの朝鮮半島の状況をどう見ているのか。
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韓国の金大中政権下、前回見た米国のペリー元国防長官と手を携える形で朝鮮半島の平和プロセスを推し進めた林東源(イム・ドンウォン)元統一相はいまの朝鮮半島の状況をどう見ているのか。

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----朴槿恵(パク・クネ)大統領の対北政策をどう見ていますか。

「信頼プロセス」と言っている。信頼を積み重ねようというのは正しいが、具体的にどうしようというのか。北の方で信頼できる行動をとるなら我々もというやり方では前に進まない。こちらから積極的に交流協力事業を進めていかないといけない。

----朴大統領は年初来、「統一テバク(대박)論」なるものを唱えています。統一は「大もうけ」のビッグ・チャンスになる、といったところでしょうか。

■統一論議に一石

南北間の経済協力や統一費用について研究してきた韓国・中央大学の申昌旻(シン・チャンミン)教授が2年前、『統一はテバクだ』という本を出したことで使われるようになった言葉のようだ。統一は負担より利益の方がずっと大きいということをアピールしたかったのだと思う。

韓国ではこのところ、統一は大きな負担になるばかりだとして消極的なムードがあった。そんなところへ大統領の発言は統一の有用性と正統性を喚起したという点で高く評価されていい。問題はそんな統一をどう達成していくかだ。

----北朝鮮の体制崩壊・吸収統一論と結び付けて語られる場合も少なくないようです。

平和なしに統一が「テバク」であることはあり得ない。武力統一は論外としても、北の突然の崩壊や吸収統一は韓国経済に大変な負担になり、災いとなる。

李明博(イ・ミョンバク)前大統領は「統一は泥棒のようにやってくる。夜中に突然来ることもあり得る」などと言っていた。北朝鮮の急変事態が目の前に迫っているとするものだ。そんな早期崩壊論に基づいた統一論議は虚構に過ぎない。「統一テバク論」を「泥棒統一論」と似た政治的修辞に終わらせてはいけない。

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■漸進的な平和統一を

北朝鮮は、その体制の特性からいって近い将来に反体制集団による政変や民衆蜂起で崩壊する可能性は薄いとみられる。もし体制が崩壊したとしても吸収統一は容易ではないだろう。政権や体制の崩壊がそのまま国家の崩壊とはならないからだ。仮に、一つの政権が崩壊したとしても、また新たな政権ができるだろう。それはたぶん、親中政権になるのではないか。

非常事態に備えた計画は必要だが、早期崩壊論を統一政策、対北政策の前提とするのは現実的でない。われわれが目指すべきは、経済協力など南北間の交流協力を通した漸進的な平和統一だ。そこでは、統一は目標であると同時に過程として位置付けられる。平和統一に伴う利得は計り知れない。

平和と統一のための包容(関与)政策で和解を進め、人道的な支援や経済協力を通してまず、統一したのと同様の状況をつくりだしていくべきだ。

中国と台湾がいい例だ。法的な統一はなされていないが、経済共同体を通して「事実上の統一状況」を実現している。互いの違いをそのままに共同の利益を追求する経済優先の実用主義によって両岸の関係は目覚ましく発展している。

----北朝鮮の核問題は深刻です。どうしたら解決できるのでしょうか。

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■根本的で包括的なアプローチ

核問題が重要だからといってそれだけに執着していては、解決は難しい。根本的かつ包括的なアプローチが必要だ。問題の根源はいまの休戦体制にある。休戦体制を平和体制に転換していく過程を通して核問題も解決していかないといけない。

私たちはこの間、北との関係改善へいろいろな努力をしてきたが、うまくいかなかった。休戦体制下、南北で軍備競争をしながら平和は難しい。北の核問題も休戦体制下の敵対関係に根を下ろしている。ここは発想を転換し、新しいアプローチをすべきだ。

まず、休戦の直接当事国である米中と南北の4者による平和会談を始めることだ。その枠組みの中で根本的かつ包括的な解決をめざすべきなのだ。4者会談はすでに「9.19共同声明」(2005年の6者協議共同声明)や南北間の「10.4宣言」(07年の南北首脳宣言)で合意済みだ。

4者の平和会談では休戦協定に代わる平和協定を目指すことになる。長い時間がかかるだろうが、結果に劣らずプロセスが重要だ。南北・米朝の関係正常化、北朝鮮の核廃棄、政治軍事的信頼醸成、軍備削減といった平和を保障するための実質的な措置が伴わなければならない。ベトナム戦争の経験が物語るように、ただ平和協定さえ結べばいいというものでは決してない。

4者平和会談は南北が主導すべきだ。そうでないと実現したとしても大きな成果は望めない。そのためにも南北の関係改善は急がれる。朝鮮半島における平和プロセスの推進は結局のところ北東アジアの平和と繁栄のための近道にもなる。

----朴槿恵大統領に、そういう考えはあるでしょうか。

■西洋式より韓国式で

朴大統領は自叙伝で、北朝鮮の核問題について「包括的解決」を提唱している。2005年に訪米した際、米国の保守系シンクタンク、ヘリテージ財団での演説で、西洋と韓国の食事文化の違いに例えて「包括的解決」の優位性を説き、共感を得たと書いている[注]。朴槿恵大統領は分かっているのだと思う。

[注]朴槿恵大統領の自叙伝の日本語訳『絶望は私を鍛え、希望は私を動かす』(横川まみ訳、晩聲社)は、その部分について、次のように説いたと書いている。

▽西洋では、食事のとき、スープ、メインディッシュ、デザートなど、順々に出てきますが、韓国では食卓にご飯、汁物、鍋物、おかずなどを一度に全部並べて頂きます。北朝鮮の核問題も米国が考えるように段階的なアプローチもよいのですが、韓国人にとっては、ひとところに解決方法を全て上げておいて包括的に解決する方法が馴染みます。そうすれば北朝鮮も、はるかにすんなり受け入れることでしょう。

* * *

3月上旬に林東源氏の話を聞いてからこの1カ月余、朝鮮半島情勢は悪化の一途をたどっている。年初来南北にいったん歩み寄りの姿勢が見られ、2月に誹謗中傷中止の約束を交わしたものの、和解ムードはつかの間だった。双方が最大規模の軍事演習やミサイル発射で威嚇し合い、いま、北朝鮮が「新たな形態の核実験」に言及するまでに至っている。

どうして、こういうことになるのか。根源をたどると、やはり、朝鮮半島で戦争が完全に終結していない、つまり、朝鮮戦争がまだ休戦の状態でしかないということに行き当たってしまう。林東源氏はそこを見据え、休戦体制を平和体制にかえていかないことには核問題も解決できないと説くのである。

入り口はまず、米中南北による4者会談だ。林東源氏が指摘するように、それは6者協議の「9.19共同声明」(2005年)でも「直接の当事者は、適当な話し合いの場で、朝鮮半島における恒久的な平和体制について協議する」(第4項)とうたわれている。

朝鮮半島ではこの間、さまざまなレベルで緊張緩和が模索されてきた。しかしそれらはいずれも「関係改善を図ったうえで平和を」とするものだった。それではいつまでたっても平和にたどり着けない、いますぐに休戦体制を終わらせるための平和会談を始め、そこで根本問題を包括的に話し合うべきだというのが林東源氏の主張だ。

4者会談には「直接の当事者」でない日本は加われない。しかしそれは、拉致など日朝間の諸問題解決のためにも大いにプラスになるだろう。核・ミサイル問題などの進展を抜きに日朝間の問題だけが解決するということは考えられないからである。

いま、情勢が緊迫する中で日朝協議の探り合いが続き、核・ミサイル問題の解決へ向けた6者協議の模索も始まっている。そうした話し合いを成功に導くためにも根本かつ包括解決をめざす4者会談は急がれるのである。

<林東源氏プロフィール>

1933年平安北道生まれ。韓国陸軍士官学校、ソウル大卒。80年陸軍少将として予備役編入。駐オーストラリア大使。盧泰愚政権下で南北高位級会談代表。金大中政権下で大統領外交安保首席秘書官、統一相、国家情報院長など。朝鮮半島平和フォーラム共同代表。著書に『피스메이커(Peace-maker)』(중앙books)=日本語訳『南北首脳会談への道 林東源回顧録』(波佐場清訳、岩波書店)など。

朝鮮戦争休戦60周年
芸術公演 (01 of47)
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平壌の競技場で行われた芸術公演の「アリラン」(北朝鮮・平壌) (credit:AFP=時事)
NKOREA-WAR-ARMISTICE-ANNIVERSARY (02 of47)
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Participants dance during an \'Arrirang\' performance at the 150,000-seat Rungnado May Day Stadiumin Pyongyang on July 26, 2013. Arrirang performances feature some 100,000 participants to create a \'synchronized socialist-realist spectacular in a 90 minute display of gymnastics, dance, acrobatics, and dramatic performance, in a highly politicized package\' according to the China-based North Korean travel company Koryo Tours. North Korea is preparing to mark the 60th anniversary of the end of the Korean War whic (credit:AFP=時事)
手を振る金正恩氏(03 of47)
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北朝鮮の平壌で、群衆に笑顔で手を振る金正恩第1書記(右から2人目)ら(北朝鮮・平壌) (credit:AFP=時事)
放射能マークの物体持つ兵士(04 of47)
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北朝鮮の平壌で開かれた軍事パレードで、黄色の放射能マークが付いたかばん状の物体を持って登場した兵士(北朝鮮・平壌) (credit:AFP=時事)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(05 of47)
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PANMUNJOM, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: North Korean soldiers look on as Korean War veterans and officials visit to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement by United Nations Command (UNC) and Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission (NNSC) on July 27, 2013 in Panmunjom, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Song Kyung-Seok-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(06 of47)
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PANMUNJOM, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: North Korean soldiers look on as Korean War veterans and officials visit to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement by United Nations Command (UNC) and Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission (NNSC) on July 27, 2013 in Panmunjom, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Song Kyung-Seok-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(07 of47)
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PANMUNJOM, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: North Korean soldiers look on as Korean War veterans and officials visit to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement by United Nations Command (UNC) and Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission (NNSC) on July 27, 2013 in Panmunjom, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Song Kyung-Seok-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(08 of47)
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PANMUNJOM, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: North Korean soldiers look on as Korean War veterans and officials visit to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement by United Nations Command (UNC) and Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission (NNSC) on July 27, 2013 in Panmunjom, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Song Kyung-Seok-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(09 of47)
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PANMUNJOM, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: North Korean soldiers look on as Korean War veterans and officials visit to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement by United Nations Command (UNC) and Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission (NNSC) on July 27, 2013 in Panmunjom, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Song Kyung-Seok-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(10 of47)
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PANMUNJOM, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: North Korean soldiers look on as Korean War veterans and officials visit to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement by United Nations Command (UNC) and Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission (NNSC) on July 27, 2013 in Panmunjom, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Song Kyung-Seok-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(11 of47)
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PANMUNJOM, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: North Korean soldiers look on as Korean War veterans and officials visit to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement by United Nations Command (UNC) and Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission (NNSC) on July 27, 2013 in Panmunjom, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Song Kyung-Seok-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(12 of47)
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PANMUNJOM, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: Gen. James D. Thurman, the commander of United Nations Command (UNC), Combined Forces Command (UFC) and U.S. Forces Korea (USFK) talks to media during the ceremony to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement by United Nations Command (UNC) and Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission (NNSC) on July 27, 2013 in Panmunjom, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Song Kyung-Seok-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(13 of47)
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SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: South Korean conservative protesters participate in a anti North Korea rally on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(14 of47)
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SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: South Korean conservative protesters shout slogans during a anto North Korea rally on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(15 of47)
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SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: South Korean conservative protesters burn portraits of North Korea national founder Kim Il-Sung, former North Korean leader Kim Jong-Il and now leader Kim Jong-Un during an anti North Korea rally on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(16 of47)
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SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: South Korean conservative protesters shout slogans during a anto North Korea rally on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(17 of47)
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SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: South Korean conservative protesters burn effigies of North Korea national founder Kim Il-Sung, former North Korean leader Kim Jong-Il and now leader Kim Jong-Un during an anti North Korea rally on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(18 of47)
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SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: South Korean conservative protesters participate in a anti North Korea rally on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(19 of47)
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SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: South Korean conservative protesters shout slogans during a anto North Korea rally on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Obama Commemorates the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice(20 of47)
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WASHINGTON, DC - JULY 27: U.S. Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel shakes hands with U.S. President Barack Obama at the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice at the Korean War Veterans Memorial on July 27, 2013 in Washington, D.C. (Photo by Ron Sachs-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Obama Commemorates the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice(21 of47)
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WASHINGTON, DC - JULY 27: President Barack Obama speaks at the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice at the Korean War Veterans Memorial on July 27, 2013 in Washington, D.C. (Photo by Ron Sachs-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Obama Commemorates the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice(22 of47)
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WASHINGTON, DC - JULY 27: President Barack Obama speaks at the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice at the Korean War Veterans Memorial on July 27, 2013 in Washington, D.C. (Photo by Ron Sachs-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Obama Commemorates the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice(23 of47)
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WASHINGTON, DC - JULY 27: Korean War Veterans stand as they are recognized during President Barack Obama\'s speech at the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice at the Korean War Veterans Memorial on July 27, 2013 in Washington, D.C. (Photo by Ron Sachs-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Obama Commemorates the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice(24 of47)
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WASHINGTON, DC - JULY 27: (L-R) U.S. President Barack Obama, U.S. Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel, U.S. Secretary for Veterans Affairs Eric Shinseki; and U.S. Secretary of the Interior Sally Jewell. listen to the national anthem at the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice at the Korean War Veterans Memorial on July 27, 2013 in Washington, D.C. (Photo by Ron Sachs-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Obama Commemorates the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice(25 of47)
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WASHINGTON, DC - JULY 27: General Raymond T. \'Ray\' Odierno, Chief of Staff of the Army, listens as President Barack Obama speaks at the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice at the Korean War Veterans Memorial on July 27, 2013 in Washington, D.C. (Photo by Ron Sachs-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Obama Commemorates the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice(26 of47)
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WASHINGTON, DC - JULY 27: The National Anthem is played prior to President Barack Obama speaking at the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice at the Korean War Veterans Memorial on July 27, 2013 in Washington, D.C. (Photo by Ron Sachs-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Obama Commemorates the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice(27 of47)
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WASHINGTON, DC - JULY 27: National 1st Vice President of the Korean War Veterans Association, Roy Aldridge, salutes during President Barack Obama\'s speech at the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice at the Korean War Veterans Memorial on July 27, 2013 in Washington, D.C. (Photo by Ron Sachs-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Obama Commemorates the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice(28 of47)
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WASHINGTON, DC - JULY 27: President Barack Obama speaks at the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice at the Korean War Veterans Memorial on July 27, 2013 in Washington, D.C. (Photo by Ron Sachs-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Obama Commemorates the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice(29 of47)
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WASHINGTON, DC - JULY 27: President Barack Obama lays a wreath prior to speaking at the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice at the Korean War Veterans Memorial on July 27, 2013 in Washington, D.C. (Photo by Ron Sachs-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Obama Commemorates the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice(30 of47)
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WASHINGTON, DC - JULY 27: President Barack Obama departs after speaking at the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice at the Korean War Veterans Memorial on July 27, 2013 in Washington, D.C. (Photo by Ron Sachs-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Obama Commemorates the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice(31 of47)
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WASHINGTON, DC - JULY 27: President Barack Obama arrives to speak at the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice at the Korean War Veterans Memorial on July 27, 2013 in Washington, D.C. (Photo by Ron Sachs-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Obama Commemorates the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice(32 of47)
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WASHINGTON, DC - JULY 27: President Barack Obama lays a wreath prior to speaking at the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice at the Korean War Veterans Memorial on July 27, 2013 in Washington, D.C. (Photo by Ron Sachs-Pool/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(33 of47)
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SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: South Korean President Park Geun-Hye speaks during the ceremony to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement at Korean war memorial on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(34 of47)
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SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: New Zealand Prime Minister John Key speaks during the ceremony to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement at Korean war memorial on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(35 of47)
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SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: South Korean honor guards hold Korean war combatant nations flags during the ceremony to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement at Korean war memorial on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(36 of47)
Open Image Modal
SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: South Korean honor guards hold Korean war combatant nations flags during the ceremony to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement at Korean war memorial on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(37 of47)
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SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: South Korean soldiers stand guard during the ceremony to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement at Korean war memorial on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(38 of47)
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SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: South Korean honor guards hold Korean war combatant nations flags during the ceremony to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement at Korean war memorial on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(39 of47)
Open Image Modal
SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: South Korean honor guards hold Korean war combatant nations flags during the ceremony to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement at Korean war memorial on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(40 of47)
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SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: South Koreans perform during the ceremony to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement at Korean war memorial on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(41 of47)
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SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: South Korean students hold Korean war combatant nations flags during the ceremony to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement at Korean war memorial on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(42 of47)
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SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: A Korean War veteran salutes during the ceremony to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement at Korean war memorial on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(43 of47)
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SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: An Korean War veteran attends during the ceremony to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement at Korean war memorial on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(44 of47)
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SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: South Korean soldiers perform during the ceremony to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement at Korean war memorial on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
SKOREA-NKOREA-MILITARY-ANNIVERSARY(45 of47)
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South Korean President Park Guen-Hye delivers a speech during a commemorative ceremony of the 60th anniversary of Ceasefire Agreement and UN forces\' Participation in the Korean War, at the War Memorial of Korea in Seoul on July 27, 2013. South Korea on July 27 commemorated the 60th anniversary of the signing of the armistice that ended the Korean War and honored the services and sacrifices of the UN forces that fought against the communist North Korea. AFP PHOTO / POOL / JUNG YEON-JE (Photo credit should read JUNG YEON-JE/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(46 of47)
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SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: Korean War veterans attend during the ceremony to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement at Korean war memorial on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Seoul Commemorates 60th Anniversary Of The Korean War Armistice Agreement(47 of47)
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SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - JULY 27: South Korean students hold Korean war combatant nations flags during the ceremony to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice Agreement at Korean war memorial on July 27, 2013 in Seoul, South Korea. On June 25, 1950, soldiers of the North Korean army breached the 38th parallel invading the Republic of South Korea, marking the beginning of the Korean War. On July 27, 1953, a signed armistice agreement brought the three-year conflict to an end. (Photo by Chung Sung-Jun/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)