（8月13日から続く）
■昭和天皇、徹底抗戦に同意せず
7:00
陸軍省でクーデターを計画していた一人、荒尾興功・軍事課長が、阿南惟幾・陸軍大臣、梅津美治郎・参謀総長と会談。荒尾課長、2人にクーデター計画への賛同を求めるが、阿南陸相と梅津参謀総長は拒否する。
8:40
昭和天皇が鈴木貫太郎首相、木戸幸一・内大臣と面会。午前中の御前会議開催に同意。
10:00
昭和天皇、永野修身、杉山元、畑俊六の3元帥と面会。永野らは徹底抗戦を主張するが、昭和天皇は戦争終結方針に同意するよう命じる。
■「戦争を継続すれば国体も国家も将来もなくなる」
10:50～12:00
"昭和天皇参席の最高戦争指導会議と閣議の合同会議（御前会議）。昭和天皇は以下のように述べて早期降伏の方針を決定。自らラジオで終戦を国民に伝える意向も明らかにする。
「自分の非常の決意には変わりない。内外の情勢、国内の情態、彼我国力戦力より判断して軽々に考えたものではない。国体については敵も認めていると思う。毛頭不安なし。敵の保障占領に関しては一抹の不安がないではないが、戦争を継続すれば国体も国家も将来もなくなる。即ちもとも子もなくなる。今停戦せば将来発展の根基は残る。武装解除は堪え得ないが、国家と国民の幸福の為には明治大帝が三国干渉に対すると同様の気持ちでやらねばならぬ。どうか賛成してくれ。陸海軍の統制も困難があろう。自分自ら『ラヂオ』で放送してもよろしい。速に詔書を出してこの心持を伝えよ」
11:40
満州西部の葛根廟で、新京をめざして避難していた日本人居留民ら約2000人が、ソ連軍の戦車部隊に襲撃される。戦車にひき殺されたり銃撃されたりして1000人以上が死亡（葛根廟事件）。
■大阪・京橋駅を爆弾が直撃
正午過ぎ
大阪城内にあった兵器工場（大阪陸軍造兵廠）をB-29が爆撃。1t爆弾が、近くの国鉄京橋駅のホームを直撃した。列車の乗客ら500～600人が犠牲になったとみられる。
山口県の兵器工場、光海軍工廠では、学徒動員中の女学生ら少なくとも738人が死亡した。
13:00～
首相官邸で閣議。玉音放送の放送時間や録音方法などについて、断続的に深夜まで議論を続ける。詔書の文言を巡り、閣員や宮内省からの注文が相次ぎ、詔書作成は修正に修正を重ねる。
14:40
陸軍省で陸軍首脳者会議。「皇軍はあくまで御聖断に従い行動す」とする「陸軍の方針」を決定。
阿南陸相、陸軍省職員に訓示。昭和天皇の「聖断」に従うよう求める。
陸軍省の裏庭で重要書類の焼却が始まる。
■詔書の完成が遅れ、連合国への通告も遅れた。空襲はこの夜も続いた
20:30
終戦の詔書が完成。昭和天皇の裁可を受ける。
21:00
ラジオで、翌8月15日正午の重大放送を予告。
22:00
終戦の詔書に鈴木内閣の閣僚が署名。
23:00
連合国に対し、昭和天皇がポツダム宣言を受諾した旨を通告。連合国への連絡役を担う加瀬俊一・駐スイス公使宛ての電文を送信する。
終戦の詔書を記者発表。迫水久常・内閣書記官長、徹底抗戦派の軍人の暴発を恐れ、8月15日付の新聞発行を、玉音放送が終わる正午過ぎまで遅らせるよう要請。記者たちもこれを了承する。
当初、午後6時めどに送信する予定が、文案の策定に手間取り、連合国側への通告が遅れた。このため、アメリカ軍の空襲は止まらず、14日夜から15日未明にかけても続くことになる。
23:30～23:50
昭和天皇、皇居内の御政務室で、終戦の詔書をレコードに2回録音する（玉音放送）。録音されたレコード（玉音盤）は、皇后宮職事務室内の軽金庫に保管された。
深夜から未明
アメリカ軍が秋田、伊勢崎（群馬）、熊谷（埼玉）、小田原（神奈川）などを空襲。秋田では14日午後10時27分ごろから土崎港の製油所が爆撃され、死者250人以上を出したと推定される。伊勢崎・熊谷には167機のB-29が飛来し、約1万8000発の爆弾を投下。計295人が死亡した。
（8月15日に続く）
【参考文献】
半藤一利『日本のいちばん長い日（決定版）』文芸春秋、1995
『朝日新聞社史 大正・昭和戦前編』朝日新聞社、1991
文中の表記は現代表記に改めました。
1945年8月14-15日、世界は
V-J TIMES SQUARE KISS(01 of47)
In this photo provided by the U.S. Navy, a sailor and a nurse kiss passionately in Manhattan\'s Times Square, as New York City celebrates the end of World War II, on August 14, 1945. The celebration followed the official announcement that Japan had accepted the terms of Potsdam and surrendered. (AP Photo/U.S. Navy/Victor Jorgensen) (credit:AP)
NEW YORK CELEBRATES V-J DAY(02 of47)
A jubilant crowd of American Italians are seen as they wave flags and toss papers in the air while celebrating Japan\'s unconditional surrender in their neighborhood in New York City, on August 14, 1945. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
V-J DAY REACTION IN U.S.(03 of47)
San Franciscans are shown celebrating the Japanese surrender, known as V-J Day, on August 14, 1945. (AP Photo/Ernest K. Bennett) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
President Truman Announcing Wars End At Washington White House In Usa On August 14Th 1945(04 of47)
UNITED STATES - AUGUST 14: President Truman Announcing Wars End At Washington White House In Usa On August 14Th 1945 (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images) (credit:Keystone-France via Getty Images)
PRESIDENT ANNOUNCES WAR'S END(05 of47)
President Harry S. Truman reads to newsmen his announcement of the Japanese surrender officially signaling the war\'s end during a White House, Washington, D.C. ceremony at 7 p.m. August 14, 1945. At the right of the President are Secretary of State James F. Byrnes and Admiral William D. Leahy, Presidential Chief of Staff. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Newsmen Run To Phones After WW2 Surrender(06 of47)
Members of the White House Press Corps rush to telephones after President Harry Truman\'s announcement of the surrender of Japan and the end of World War II, Washington DC, August 14, 1945. (Photo by PhotoQuest/Getty Images) (credit:PhotoQuest via Getty Images)
Newsboy(07 of47)
A newsboy shouts the headlines based on ear unofficial reports of Japan\'s acceptance of allied surrender terms as he in Lafayette Square opposite the White House on August 14, 1945. A few watchers loll on the grass at an early hour waiting official news. (AP Photo/Bill Chaplis) (credit:AP)
CBS News(08 of47)
NEW YORK - AUGUST 14: CBS newsroom in New York City reporting on the Japanese surrender to end WWII. Robert Trout is at the microphone. August 14, 1945. (Photo by CBS via Getty Images) (credit:CBS Photo Archive via Getty Images)
CBS News(09 of47)
NEW YORK - AUGUST 14: CBS newsroom in New York City reporting on the Japanese surrender to end WWII. August 14, 1945. Robert Trout is at the microphone. (Photo by CBS via Getty Images) (credit:CBS Photo Archive via Getty Images)
CBS News(10 of47)
NEW YORK - AUGUST 14: CBS newsroom in New York City reporting on the Japanese surrender to end WWII. Robert Trout is at the microphone. August 14, 1945. (Photo by CBS via Getty Images) (credit:CBS Photo Archive via Getty Images)
CBS News(11 of47)
NEW YORK - AUGUST 14: CBS newsroom in New York City reporting on the Japanese surrender to end WWII. August 14, 1945. (Photo by CBS via Getty Images) (credit:CBS Photo Archive via Getty Images)
CBS News(12 of47)
NEW YORK - AUGUST 14: CBS newsroom in New York City reporting on the Japanese surrender to end WWII. August 14, 1945. (Photo by CBS via Getty Images) (credit:CBS Photo Archive via Getty Images)
World War Two Ends(13 of47)
A sergeant interrupts his shave in a barber shop and holds up the latest copy of The Stars And Stripes announcing the surrender of Japan with the headline of \'PEACE,\' Paris, France, August 14, 1945. (Photo by Underwood Archives/Getty Images) (credit:Underwood Archives via Getty Images)
World War Two(14 of47)
US troops of Iceland Base Command, celebrating with locals as new of the Japanese surrender is announced following World War Two, Reykjavik, Iceland, August 14th 1945.(Photo by Authenticated News/Archive Photos/Getty Images) (credit:Authenticated News via Getty Images)
The Celebration(15 of47)
Enlisted men aboard the USS Ticonderoga (CV-14) break out in music and song upon hearing the news of Japan\'s surrender, August 1945. (Photo by PhotoQuest/Getty Images) (credit:PhotoQuest via Getty Images)
VJ-Day Kiss(16 of47)
An American serviceman kissing a woman on V-J Day, New York City, 14th August 1945. (Photo by Archive Photos/Getty Images) (credit:Archive Photos via Getty Images)
Robert De Lyle, age 5, celebrates end of World War II (V-J D(17 of47)
UNITED STATES - AUGUST 14: Robert De Lyle, age 5, celebrates end of World War II (V-J Day). (Photo by Art Edger/NY Daily News Archive via Getty Images) (credit:New York Daily News Archive via Getty Images)
In East Harlem (107th St., between Second and Third Aves.), (18 of47)
UNITED STATES - AUGUST 14: In East Harlem (107th St., between Second and Third Aves.), crowds in street raise a cheer for the end of World War II (V-J Day). (Photo by Ossie Leviness/NY Daily News Archive via Getty Images) (credit:New York Daily News Archive via Getty Images)
VJ Day In New York(19 of47)
A crowd celebrates the surrender of Japan and the end of the Pacific War, New York, 14th August 1945. The woman held aloft (centre) has \'V.J. DAY\' written on her forehead. (Photo by FPG/Hulton Archive/Getty Images) (credit:FPG via Getty Images)
Peace(20 of47)
14th August 1945: Two women and a man wearing military uniforms smile and embrace as they celebrate the Japanese surrender at the end of World War II. The man holds a Stars and Stripes newspaper with the word \'Peace\' printed in bold letters. L-R: Johnnie Dexter, Robert Ingram, and Lucille Breneman. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images) (credit:Hulton Archive via Getty Images)
Times Square(21 of47)
14th August 1945: A sailor reading the news of the Japanese surrender in New York\'s Times Square in the early hours of tuesday morning. (Photo by Weegee(Arthur Fellig)/International Center of Photography/Getty Images) (credit:Weegee(Arthur Fellig)/International Center of Photography via Getty Images)
US soldiers and members of the US Women's Army, Corps gather in front of the American Red Cross, 'Rainbow Corner' in Paris to celebrate August 15, 1945, They are holding copies of the Paris edition of(22 of47)
US soldiers and members of the US Women\'s Army, Corps gather in front of the American Red Cross, \'Rainbow Corner\' in Paris to celebrate August 15, 1945, They are holding copies of the Paris edition of Stars and Stripes which announced the Japanese, surrender. (Photo by Photo12/UIG/Getty Images) (credit:Photo 12 via Getty Images)
VJ celebrations at Picadilly Circus in London 15 August 1945.(23 of47)
UNITED KINGDOM - SEPTEMBER 09: VJ celebrations at Picadilly Circus in London 15 August 1945. Crowds at Picadilly circus (London) celebrating the victory over Japan. (Photo by Daily Herald Archive/SSPL/Getty Images) (credit:Daily Herald Archive via Getty Images)
VJ Day In LOndon(24 of47)
15th August 1945: Crowds at Queen Victoria\'s Monument gather to catch a glimpse of the Prime Minister, Clement Attlee, who went to the Palace to see the King, during the VJ Day celebrations. (Photo by Keystone/Getty Images) (credit:Keystone via Getty Images)
Britain Hears News Of End Of Jap War: Celebrating Victory In Japan, London, England, UK, C 15 August 1945(25 of47)
Britain Hears News Of End Of Jap War: Celebrating Victory In Japan, London, England, UK, C 15 August 1945, In London\'s Piccadilly Circus,a group of servicemen and women, and a civilian woman, link arms as they walk towards the camera, singing as they dance in celebration around Eros (not pictured), on the news that the war in Japan is over. Behind them, crowds of people are gathered in the sunshine. Several buses can also be seen. This photograph was taken from beside Eros, looking towards Piccadilly (left) and Regent Street (right), 15 August 1945. (Photo by Ministry of Information Photo Division Photographer/ IWM via Getty Images) (credit:IWM/Getty Images via Getty Images)
Piccadilly People(26 of47)
15th August 1945: A few minutes after the Japanese surrender was announced, Piccadilly Circus was filled with a jubilant crowd, some of whom climbed on the plinth of the Statue of Eros. (Photo by Keystone/Getty Images) (credit:Keystone via Getty Images)
WWII London VJ Celebrations(27 of47)
At midnight on August 14, London heard the long awaited news of the Japanese surrender. Servicemen and civilians who, for several nights had waited patiently for the announcement let go their pent up feelings and celebrated in grand style. It was VE night all over again as the people danced and sang in various parts of the city. Servicemen and civilians crowd the steps of Queen Victoria Memorial, near Buckingham Palace, in London, on Aug. 15, 1945, hoping to catch a glimpse of the King. Although they cheered and shouted the King did not appear. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
POST WWII BETTY HUTTON USO TOUR(28 of47)
Blonde bombshell Betty Hutton is carried on some joyous G.I.\'s shoulders, after her USO show at U.S. Army redeployment center Camp Detroit, at Reims, France, on August 14, 1945. (AP Photo/Henry L. Griffin) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
(Left to right) Sgt. John Pinkney, Pfc. Frank Fichers, and P(29 of47)
UNITED STATES - AUGUST 15: (Left to right) Sgt. John Pinkney, Pfc. Frank Fichers, and Pfc. Mark Gittelson read the Daily News report on the surrender of the Japanese. (Photo by Leonard Detrick/NY Daily News Archive via Getty Images) (credit:New York Daily News Archive via Getty Images)
Awaiting The King(30 of47)
15th August 1945: Crowds outside Buckingham Palace on VJ Day, waiting to see the King. (Photo by Stevens /Topical Press Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Stevens via Getty Images)
VJ Day(31 of47)
15th August 1945: Men at a naval base were given four cans of beer each in celebration of the end of the World War II, Manila, Philippines. One of the men holds a \'WAR OVER\' sign. (Photo by James Benton/Anthony Potter Collection/Getty Images) (credit:James Benton via Getty Images)
POW Cheer(32 of47)
15th August 1945.: Japanese POW smiling while holding a \'Daily Pacifican\' newspaper declaring \'WAR OVER\' on its front page, in his cell at the Bilibid Prison, south of Manila, Philippines, World War II. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images) (credit:Hulton Archive via Getty Images)
Servicemen Celebrate(33 of47)
15th August 1945: U.S. servicemen in the sick bay of the S.S. Casablanca smile and point to a newspaper with the headline \'JAPS QUIT!\', after the Japanese surrender in World War II. (Photo by Anthony Potter Collection/Getty Images) (credit:Anthony Potter Collection via Getty Images)
Resistance, August 15, 1945 : surrender of the J(34 of47)
UNSPECIFIED - CIRCA 1945: \'Resistance\', August 15, 1945 : surrender of the Japan, death sentence of the marshal Petain. (Photo by Roger Viollet Collection/Getty Images) (credit:Roger Viollet Collection via Getty Images)
World War Two(35 of47)
The letter confirming Japan\'s surrender during World War Two, signed by Emperor Hirohito and Foreign Minister Mamoru Shigemitsu, Japan, September 24th 1945. (Photo by US Navy/FPG/Getty Images) (credit:FPG via Getty Images)
WWII Japanese Mourn VJ Day 1945(36 of47)
Schoolgirls weep in sorrow and shame in the Imperial Plaza before Emperor Hirohito\'s palace in Tokyo after there were informed of Japan\'s surrender, Aug. 15, 1945. Some officers of the Imperial Army committed harikiri in the plaza to atone for what they felt was a loss of face for themselves and their emperor. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
JAPANESE SURRENDER ANNOUNCEMENT(37 of47)
Japanese prisoners of war at Guam, Mariana Islands, bow their heads as they hear Japanese Emperor Hirohito making the announcement of Japan\'s unconditional surrender on August 15, 1945. (AP Photo) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Japanese POWs(38 of47)
15th August 1945: Full-length image of Japanese POWs standing in rows with their heads bowed behind a barbed wire fence in an Allied internment camp during World War II, Guam. They had just heard Japanese emperor Hirohito announce Japan\'s unconditional surrender in the war. (Photo by US Navy/Getty Images) (credit:U.S. Navy via Getty Images)
JAPANESE SURRENDER ANNOUNCEMENT(39 of47)
In this photo provided by the U.S. Navy, a Japanese prisoners of war at Guam, Mariana Islands, covers his face as he hears Japanese Emperor Hirohito making the announcement of Japan\'s unconditional surrender on August 15, 1945. (AP Photo/U.S. Navy) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
WWII VJ Day Chinatown New York(40 of47)
**EDS NOTE: NEGATIVE DAMAGED** Two Dragon-like images begin the sacred dragon dance, usually reserved for the Chinese New Year, as inhabitants of the Chinatown section of New York celebrate VJ Day, Aug. 14, 1945. President Harry Truman announced Japan\'s unconditional surrender earlier in the day. (AP Photo/John Rooney) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
World War II(41 of47)
FILE - In this Tuesday, Aug. 14, 1945 picture, civilians and service personnel wave flags as they celebrate in New York\'s Times Square after the official announcement that Japan had surrendered, ending World War II. (AP Photo/Matty Zimmerman) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
General Chang Kai Shek Giving A Speech On The Radio 1945(42 of47)
CHINA - AUGUST 15: General Chang Kai Shek Confirming Japan\'S Surrender At The Microphone Of The Radio Station The Voice Of China, In Chungking On August 15, 1945.Le General Tchang Kai-Chek Confirme, Au Micro De La Radio La Voix De La Chine, La Reddition Des Japonais, a Chungking, Le 15 Aout 1945. (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images) (credit:Keystone-France via Getty Images)
Soong Mei-Ling(43 of47)
August 1945: Soong Mei-Ling (1897 - 2003), wife of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek, the Chinese nationalist leader, looking over the victory headlines after the surrender of Japan in World War II. (Photo by Keystone/Getty Images) (credit:Keystone via Getty Images)
Japanese Surrender(44 of47)
15th August 1945: The front page of The Daily Express announcing the Japanese surrender to the Allies. Announced in August, the surrender was not officially signed until September 2nd. (Photo by Express/Express/Getty Images) (credit:Express via Getty Images)
Times Square(45 of47)
14th August 1945: A sailor reading the news of the Japanese surrender in New York\'s Times Square in the early hours of tuesday morning. (Photo by Weegee(Arthur Fellig)/International Center of Photography/Getty Images) (credit:Weegee(Arthur Fellig)/International Center of Photography via Getty Images)
Japanese Surrender In Seoul(46 of47)
The Japanese flag is lowered as Japanese officers and troops formally surrender the United States at the end of World War II, Seoul, Korea, August 1945. The surrender marked the end the decades-long Japanese occupation of Korea. (Photo by PhotoQuest/Getty Images) (credit:PhotoQuest via Getty Images)
Resistance, August 15, 1945 : surrender of the J(47 of47)
UNSPECIFIED - CIRCA 1945: \'Resistance\', August 15, 1945 : surrender of the Japan, death sentence of the marshal Petain. (Photo by Roger Viollet Collection/Getty Images) (credit:Roger Viollet Collection via Getty Images)
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