オバマ大統領のシリア戦略が破綻 イスラム国とアルカイダ系組織が手を組み北西部を侵攻、事態は複雑化

アメリカの支援を受けているシリアの穏健な反体制派は、週末に北西部で大敗を喫した後、11月3日の時点で、より弱体化しているようである。
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Supporters of the Al Nusra Front take part in a protest against Syrian President Bashar al-Assad and the international coalition in Aleppo on September 26, 2014. The US struck a little-known group called 'Khorasan' on September 24, but experts and activists argue it actually struck Al-Qaeda's affiliate Al-Nusra Front, which fights alongside Syrian rebels. AFP PHOTO/ Fadi al-Halabi (Photo credit should read Fadi al-Halabi/AFP/Getty Images)
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アメリカの支援を受けているシリアの穏健な反体制派は、週末に北西部で大敗を喫した後、11月3日の時点で、より弱体化しているようである。そして、イスラム国との戦闘のために、反体制派を武装させ訓練するという、アメリカが主導した同盟の計画、そして穏健派を優勢にするために国際社会が関与していることに疑問が投げかけられている。

反体制派は、2013年からCIAを介してアメリカの援助を受けている。9月には、訓練と装備を拡充することがアメリカ議会で承認された

しかし、シリア反体制派の幹部たちはかねてからこの計画はアメリカが直接的な支援をしなければ効果はないと訴えている。さらに同盟国に対しては、北部にある彼らの限られた支配地域の安全を確保するために支援するよう求めてきた。今回の戦況の変化で、彼らの懸念が裏付けられることになった。今や、穏健な反体制派を支援するアメリカ主導の同盟国の計画は、控えめに見ても、見直しを迫られることになる。

シリアのアルカイダ系組織「ジャブハット・アル-ヌスラ」あるいは「ヌスラ戦線」は、シリア北西部のイドリブ県でアメリカの支援を受けている主要な反体制派グループ「シリア革命派戦線」と「ハズム運動」を撃破し、武器や戦略拠点を奪った。ヌスラ戦線は10月31日、革命派戦線の最後の主要拠点やそのリーダーの故郷の街を乗っ取り、ハズム運動は11月1日、自分たちの戦略拠点から撤退した

穏健な反体制派の兵士反体制活動家、反体制派側のメディアなどの情報によると、反体制派の戦闘員の数は減り、ヌスラ戦線は武器の備蓄庫を確保したようだ。ヌスラ戦線の兵士たちはTwitterで、対戦車ミサイルや、アメリカが穏健な反体制派に供与した最も高性能な武器を手に入れたことをツイートしたと、イギリスの新聞「テレグラフ」は報じている。

アメリカのシンクタンク「ブルッキングス研究所」の中東部門「ブルッキングス・ドーハ・センター」のチャールズ・リスター客員教授はハフポストUS版に対し、「一貫して西側諸国支持派のグループが支配してきた、安全な地域と思われた中で敗北したという状況を考えれば、シリアが西側諸国の影響下にあった時代は終わりを告げることになるかもしれない」と語った。

アルカイダ系グループによるこの地域の支配が新たな段階を迎えたことで、穏健な反体制派はシリア国境を超えて「有効な支援を受けるのはより難しくなるだろう」と、リスター教授は述べた。トルコからの支援を受けるための重要なパイプラインは、イドリブ県を通っている。トルコにはCIAや他の国の当局者が、厳しく審査されたシリアの穏健な反体制派を支援するために軍司令本部を設置している。

シリア北西部での敗北は、クルド人の街、コバニから150マイル離れたところで現実のものとなった。ここではアメリカ主導の連合軍が、断続的な空爆を増やし、予備の武器をイラクから調達するのを後方支援し、地上戦の兵士たちを支援してきた

ホワイトハウスは、こうした戦況の変化で穏健な反体制派への支援がどう変わるのかについてはコメントを避けた。国防省の当局者はワシントンポストに対し、ペンタゴンはこの状況を注視している一方で、地上からの報告は確認できていないと述べた。しかし、オバマ大統領が穏健な反体制派を支援を表明する声明を発表した際、トニー・ブリンケン国家安全保障担当補佐官は、反体制派に対するオバマ政権の計画は、たとえ彼らが地上でこれ以上弱体化したとしても、変わることはないという姿勢を明確にした。

弱体化した反体制派を援助することについて尋ねられると、ブリンケン補佐官は「現在進行中のかなり綿密な軍事作戦があり、我々は実際にそれを実行に移し始めている。そしてその計画を最後までやり遂げないといけない」と述べた

「不幸なことに、イラクの一部やシリアの一部では、包囲されたり、攻撃を受けたりして支援を求めている地域が毎日出ている」と、彼は付け加えた。「我々は全ての場所に、全ての時間を費やすことはできない」。

専門家はハフポストUS版に対し、アメリカ主導の連合がシリアを空爆のターゲットにして以降、ヌスラ戦線の野心は高くなったのだという。それには、アルカイダの最も特殊な部隊を率いていたヌスラ戦線の拠点に対し、9月に行われた初期の空爆も含まれる。ヌスラ戦線はシリア革命派戦線と2014年の夏から戦闘を繰り返しているが、彼らはかつて、シリア大統領バッシャール・アサドの体制や、イスラム国と戦うべく、アメリカが支援する反体制派組織と手を結んだことがある

しかし、アメリカがアサド政権を攻撃せず、イスラム国を攻撃の標的とし、穏健な反体制派への支援を強化すると表明したときに、ヌスラ戦線の戦略は変更された、と専門家は言う。彼らの主要な目標は、その勢力を誇示するため、特にライバルのイスラム国と並ぶ力があることを示すために、領土を奪い取ることだという。穏健派が力をつけたり、政府軍が支配を拡大する前に勢力の拡大を狙っている。

「ヌスラ戦線は国を作りたいのです。彼らは皆、イスラム国のモデルをまねる重圧を感じています。そのモデルは、地域の秩序という観点からすると成功しました。なぜなら、住民たちは地域のルールを求めているからです」と、オクラホマ大学の中東研究センター長であり、シリアに関する論評ブログの設立者でもあるジョシュア・ランディス氏は言う。「人々は秩序を求めています。誰が秩序をもたらしてくれるのかは関係ないのです。私は、これこそがイスラム国の強みだと考えます」。

ある活動家は、ワシントンポストに対し、ヌスラ戦線は地元の支持を獲得していると述べた。なぜなら、アメリカの空爆が支持されず、穏健な反体制派は立場を失っているからだという。というのも、穏健な反体制派はシリアの反体制派がヌスラ戦線と共有している目標、つまりアサド政権の打倒よりもイスラム国の攻略が第一というアメリカの空爆作戦と同一視され、嫌われているからだ。

穏健な反体制派の分離グループは現在、シリア北部の都市アレッポで、シリア政府軍とイスラム国の両方から圧力を加えられている。しかしシリアの反体制派の重要人物やアメリカの当局者はハフポストUS版に対し、アメリカ主導の同盟は成功の見込みがないと述べた。アメリカがイランに対してシリア政府軍を標的にしないと保証し、穏健な反体制派と、彼らを支援する世界各国との間に不信感が芽生えているからだ。

シリア反体制派のある情報提供者はハフポストUS版に対し、軍事戦略の背景について説明した時に次のように述べた。「敗北したにも関わらず、シリアの空爆箇所を決定するアメリカ中央軍は、シリア北部でヌスラ戦線やイスラム国、シリア政府軍と戦っている穏健な反体制派とはまだ直接コンタクトを取っていない」。

反体制派は、非公式に「自由シリア軍」と呼ばれる連合軍と同盟関係を結んでおり、かなり大きな自治能力のある部隊に加わっている。しかし、彼らは自らの戦略を誤ったと専門家は指摘する。

イスラエルの私立大学「ヘルズリヤ学術センター」で軍事研究をしているアイメン・ジャワド・アル・タミミ氏は、ハフポストUS版に対して、シリア革命派戦線のイドリブ県での敗戦は「自業自得だ」と話す。アル・タミミ氏によると、シリア革命派戦線はヌスラ戦線の領土的野心を過小評価し、腐敗が報告されるようになり、地元住民の支持を失ってしまったと述べた。

自由シリア軍は、まだヌスラ戦線や、他のシリアの過激派との戦闘意欲を失っていないと、シリア国民連合のスポークスマン、オウバイ・シャーダンバー氏は言う。この連合は穏健な反体制派と、アサド政権の打倒を国際的に支持してもらうためのロビー活動を行っている団体である。

シリア革命派戦線のリーダーであるマルーフ氏は、撤退後の動画声明の中で、彼らのグループが街を捨てて出て行ったのは、民間人の死傷者が出るのを避ける目的のみだと述べた。

シャーダンバー氏は、イドリブ県へのアメリカ主導の空爆は「急務」だと述べた。

イドリブ県での敗北に関する報告によると、イスラム国がヌスラ戦線の攻撃を援助したのではないかと指摘している。反体制派のある人物も、ハフポストUS版の取材に対し、同様の主張をしていた。ハフポストUS版はこういった主張を独自に検証することはできなかったが、これらの組織は、軍事同盟の域を超えた組織合併をより複雑化させる緊迫した経緯をたどっていると言える。

シリア コバニ攻防戦
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 23: A photograph taken from Suruc district of Sanliurfa, Turkey, shows smoke rising from the Syrian border town of Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) following the US-led coalition airstrikes against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) targets on October 23, 2014. (Photo by Sercan Kucuksahin/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 23: A photograph taken from Suruc district of Sanliurfa, Turkey, shows smoke rising from Till Seir Hill, Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) following the US-led coalition airstrikes against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) targets on October 23, 2014. (Photo by Ahmet Okatali/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
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A Kurd Yazidi holds a sign reading \'it could be your daughter\' while demonstrating in Oldenburg, northern Germany, on October 25, 2014 during a rally in solidarity with Kurds trapped in the northern Syrian city of Kobane where they are besieged by Islamic State (IS) jihadist militants. AFP PHOTO / DPA/ INGO WAGNER GERMANY OUT (Photo credit should read INGO WAGNER/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:INGO WAGNER via Getty Images)
GERMANY-IRAQ-KURDS-CONFLICT(28 of70)
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Kurd Yazidi hold a banner reading \'Stop Killing Yezidis #Shingal\' while demonstrating in Oldenburg, northern Germany, on October 25, 2014 during a rally in solidarity with Kurds trapped in the northern Syrian city of Kobane where they are besieged by Islamic State (IS) jihadist militants. AFP PHOTO / DPA/ INGO WAGNER GERMANY OUT (Photo credit should read INGO WAGNER/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:INGO WAGNER via Getty Images)
Syrian Kurds Battle IS To Retain Control Of Kobani(29 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 25: (TURKEY OUT) Turkish Kurds gather to pray for Kobani on October 25, 2014 in the southeastern town of Suruc, Sanliurfa province. The Syrian town of Kobani has yet again seen fierce fighting between Islamic State and Syrian Kurdish forces. Since mid-September, more than 200,000 people from Kobani have fled into Turkey. (Photo by Kutluhan Cucel/Getty Images) (credit:Kutluhan Cucel via Getty Images)
Syrian Kurds Battle IS To Retain Control Of Kobani(30 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 25: (TURKEY OUT) An explosion rocks the Syrian town of Kobani after an airstrike, as seen from the Mursitpinar crossing on the Turkish-Syrian border in the southeastern town of Suruc October 25, 2014 in Sanliurfa province, Turkey. The Syrian town of Kobani has yet again seen fierce fighting between Islamic State and Syrian Kurdish forces. Since mid-September, more than 200,000 people from Kobani have fled into Turkey. (Photo by Kutluhan Cucel/Getty Images) (credit:Kutluhan Cucel via Getty Images)
TURKEY-SYRIA-CONFLICT-KURDS(31 of70)
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People look on October 25, 2014 at the Syrian town of Kobane, also known as Ain al-Arab, from the Turkish border near the southeastern village of Mursitpinar, Sanliurfa province. Turkey said on October 24 that hundreds of Syrian rebels are to reinforce Kurdish fighters defending the border town of Kobane as Washington voiced confidence that its fall to jihadists could be averted. Iraq\'s autonomous Kurdish region also plans to send reinforcements to Kobane, which has held off a relentless assault from the Islamic State (IS) group for more than five weeks. AFP PHOTO / BULENT KILIC (Photo credit should read BULENT KILIC/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:BULENT KILIC via Getty Images)
TURKEY-SYRIA-CONFLICT-KURDS(32 of70)
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Kurdish child and woman sit in front of their tent on October 26, 2014 at the Rojava refugee camp at Suruc, Sanliurfa province near the Syrian besieged town of Kobane, also known as Ain al-Arab. Turkey said on October 24 that hundreds of Syrian rebels are to reinforce Kurdish fighters defending the Syrian town of Kobane, as Washington voiced confidence that its fall to jihadists could be averted. Iraq\'s autonomous Kurdish region also plans to send reinforcements to Kobane, which has held off a relentless assault from the Islamic State (IS) group for more than five weeks. AFP PHOTO / BULENT KILIC (Photo credit should read BULENT KILIC/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:BULENT KILIC via Getty Images)
TURKEY-SYRIA-CONFLICT-KURDS(33 of70)
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Kurdish children walk on October 26, 2014 at the Rojava refugee camp at Suruc, Sanliurfa province near the Syrian besieged town of Kobane, also known as Ain al-Arab. Turkey said on October 24 that hundreds of Syrian rebels are to reinforce Kurdish fighters defending the Syrian town of Kobane, as Washington voiced confidence that its fall to jihadists could be averted. Iraq\'s autonomous Kurdish region also plans to send reinforcements to Kobane, which has held off a relentless assault from the Islamic State (IS) group for more than five weeks. AFP PHOTO / BULENT KILIC (Photo credit should read BULENT KILIC/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:BULENT KILIC via Getty Images)
TURKEY-SYRIA-CONFLICT-KURDS(34 of70)
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Kurdish women are pictured early in the morning on October 26, 2014 at the Rojava refugee camp at Suruc, Sanliurfa province near the Syrian besieged town of Kobane, also known as Ain al-Arab. Turkey said on October 24 that hundreds of Syrian rebels are to reinforce Kurdish fighters defending the Syrian town of Kobane, as Washington voiced confidence that its fall to jihadists could be averted. Iraq\'s autonomous Kurdish region also plans to send reinforcements to Kobane, which has held off a relentless assault from the Islamic State (IS) group for more than five weeks. AFP PHOTO / BULENT KILIC (Photo credit should read BULENT KILIC/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:BULENT KILIC via Getty Images)
TURKEY-SYRIA-CONFLICT-KURDS(35 of70)
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Kurdish children stand on October 26, 2014 at the Rojava refugee camp at Suruc, Sanliurfa province near the Syrian besieged town of Kobane, also known as Ain al-Arab. Turkey said on October 24 that hundreds of Syrian rebels are to reinforce Kurdish fighters defending the Syrian town of Kobane, as Washington voiced confidence that its fall to jihadists could be averted. Iraq\'s autonomous Kurdish region also plans to send reinforcements to Kobane, which has held off a relentless assault from the Islamic State (IS) group for more than five weeks. AFP PHOTO / BULENT KILIC (Photo credit should read BULENT KILIC/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:BULENT KILIC via Getty Images)
TURKEY-SYRIA-CONFLICT-KURDS(36 of70)
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A Kurdish girl and woman stand in front of their tent on October 26, 2014 at the Rojava refugee camp at Suruc, Sanliurfa province near the Syrian besieged town of Kobane, also known as Ain al-Arab. Turkey said on October 24 that hundreds of Syrian rebels are to reinforce Kurdish fighters defending the Syrian town of Kobane, as Washington voiced confidence that its fall to jihadists could be averted. Iraq\'s autonomous Kurdish region also plans to send reinforcements to Kobane, which has held off a relentless assault from the Islamic State (IS) group for more than five weeks. AFP PHOTO / BULENT KILIC (Photo credit should read BULENT KILIC/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:BULENT KILIC via Getty Images)
Syrian Kurds Battle IS To Retain Control Of Kobani(37 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 26: (TURKEY OUT) Kurdish refugees live in tents in a refugee camp on October 26, 2014 in the southeastern town of Suruc, Turkey.The Syrian town of Kobani has yet again seen fierce fighting between Islamic State and Syrian Kurdish forces. Since mid-September, more than 200,000 people from Kobani have fled into Turkey. (Photo by Kutluhan Cucel/Getty Images) (credit:Kutluhan Cucel via Getty Images)
Syrian Kurds Battle IS To Retain Control Of Kobani(38 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 26: (TURKEY OUT) Kurdish refugees live in tents in a refugee camp on October 26, 2014 in the southeastern town of Suruc, Turkey.The Syrian town of Kobani has yet again seen fierce fighting between Islamic State and Syrian Kurdish forces. Since mid-September, more than 200,000 people from Kobani have fled into Turkey. (Photo by Kutluhan Cucel/Getty Images) (credit:Kutluhan Cucel via Getty Images)
Syrian Kurds Battle IS To Retain Control Of Kobani(39 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 26: (TURKEY OUT) A Kurdish refugee boys play soccer in a refugee camp on October 26, 2014 in the southeastern town of Suruc, Turkey. The Syrian town of Kobani has yet again seen fierce fighting between Islamic State and Syrian Kurdish forces. Since mid-September, more than 200,000 people from Kobani have fled into Turkey. (Photo by Kutluhan Cucel/Getty Images) (credit:Kutluhan Cucel via Getty Images)
Clashes between ISIL and Kurdish armed groups intensify in Kobani(40 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 26: Turkish Armed Forces take security measures in Suruc district of Turkey\'s Sanliurfa as the clashes between Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) members and Kurdish armed groups intensify in Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) town of northern Syria near Turkish-Syrian border crossing on October 26, 2014. (Photo by Sercan Kucuksahin/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
TURKEY-SYRIA-CONFLICT-KURDS(41 of70)
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Kurdish children stand at the entrance to a tent in the Rojava refugee camp in Suruc, Sanliurfa province, near the besieged Syrian town of Kobane, also known as Ain al-Arab, on October 26, 2014. Turkey said on October 24 that hundreds of Syrian rebels are to reinforce Kurdish fighters defending the Syrian town of Kobane, as Washington voiced confidence that its fall to jihadists could be averted. Iraq\'s autonomous Kurdish region also plans to send reinforcements to Kobane, which has held off a relentless assault from the Islamic State (IS) group for more than five weeks. AFP PHOTO / BULENT KILIC (Photo credit should read BULENT KILIC/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:BULENT KILIC via Getty Images)
TURKEY-SYRIA-CONFLICT-KURDS(42 of70)
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Kurdish children make tea outside a tent in the Rojava refugee camp in Suruc, Sanliurfa province, near the besieged Syrian town of Kobane, also known as Ain al-Arab, on October 26, 2014. Turkey said on October 24 that hundreds of Syrian rebels are to reinforce Kurdish fighters defending the Syrian town of Kobane, as Washington voiced confidence that its fall to jihadists could be averted. Iraq\'s autonomous Kurdish region also plans to send reinforcements to Kobane, which has held off a relentless assault from the Islamic State (IS) group for more than five weeks. AFP PHOTO / BULENT KILIC (Photo credit should read BULENT KILIC/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:BULENT KILIC via Getty Images)
TURKEY-SYRIA-CONFLICT-KURDS(43 of70)
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A Kurdish girl smiles as she makes tea outside a tent in the Rojava refugee camp in Suruc, Sanliurfa province, near the besieged Syrian town of Kobane, also known as Ain al-Arab, on October 26, 2014. Turkey said on October 24 that hundreds of Syrian rebels are to reinforce Kurdish fighters defending the Syrian town of Kobane, as Washington voiced confidence that its fall to jihadists could be averted. Iraq\'s autonomous Kurdish region also plans to send reinforcements to Kobane, which has held off a relentless assault from the Islamic State (IS) group for more than five weeks. AFP PHOTO / BULENT KILIC (Photo credit should read BULENT KILIC/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:BULENT KILIC via Getty Images)
TURKEY-SYRIA-CONFLICT-KURDS(44 of70)
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Kurdish children make tea outside a tent in the Rojava refugee camp in Suruc, Sanliurfa province, near the besieged Syrian town of Kobane, also known as Ain al-Arab, on October 26, 2014. Turkey said on October 24 that hundreds of Syrian rebels are to reinforce Kurdish fighters defending the Syrian town of Kobane, as Washington voiced confidence that its fall to jihadists could be averted. Iraq\'s autonomous Kurdish region also plans to send reinforcements to Kobane, which has held off a relentless assault from the Islamic State (IS) group for more than five weeks. AFP PHOTO / BULENT KILIC (Photo credit should read BULENT KILIC/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:BULENT KILIC via Getty Images)
TURKEY-SYRIA-CONFLICT-KURDS(45 of70)
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Kurdish children pose outside a tent in the Rojava refugee camp in Suruc, Sanliurfa province, near the besieged Syrian town of Kobane, also known as Ain al-Arab, on October 26, 2014. Turkey said on October 24 that hundreds of Syrian rebels are to reinforce Kurdish fighters defending the Syrian town of Kobane, as Washington voiced confidence that its fall to jihadists could be averted. Iraq\'s autonomous Kurdish region also plans to send reinforcements to Kobane, which has held off a relentless assault from the Islamic State (IS) group for more than five weeks. AFP PHOTO / BULENT KILIC (Photo credit should read BULENT KILIC/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:BULENT KILIC via Getty Images)
TURKEY-SYRIA-CONFLICT-KURDS(46 of70)
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Kurdish children sit around a fire outside a tent in the Rojava refugee camp in Suruc, Sanliurfa province, near the besieged Syrian town of Kobane, also known as Ain al-Arab, on October 26, 2014. Turkey said on October 24 that hundreds of Syrian rebels are to reinforce Kurdish fighters defending the Syrian town of Kobane, as Washington voiced confidence that its fall to jihadists could be averted. Iraq\'s autonomous Kurdish region also plans to send reinforcements to Kobane, which has held off a relentless assault from the Islamic State (IS) group for more than five weeks. AFP PHOTO / BULENT KILIC (Photo credit should read BULENT KILIC/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:BULENT KILIC via Getty Images)
Clashes between ISIL and Kurdish armed groups(47 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 26: Smoke rising from Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) town of northern Syria during the clashes between Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) and Kurdish armed groups as Turkish army forces take security measures in Suruc district of Turkey\'s Sanliurfa near Turkish-Syrian border crossing on October 26, 2014. (Photo by Esber Ayaydin/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
US-led coalition forces hit ISIL targets in Kobani(48 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 27 : A photograph taken near Suruc district of Sanliurfa, Turkey, shows smoke rising from the Syrian border town of Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) following the US-led coalition airstrikes against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) targets on October 27, 2014. (Photo by Sercan Kucuksahin/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
Kobani clashes seen from Turkey's Sanliurfa(49 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 27: Fire and smoke rising from Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) during the clashes between the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) and armed groups, are seen in Sanliurfa, Turkey on October 27, 2014. (Photo by Sercan Kucuksahin/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
AllSource Analysis of DigitalGlobe Imagery from October 14th, 2014, shows a Turkish Battalion deployed near the Syrian border.(50 of70)
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SYRIA TURKEY BORDER REGION - OCTOBER 14, 2014: AllSource Analysis of DigitalGlobe Imagery from October 14th, 2014, shows a Turkish Battalion deployed near the Syrian border. (Photo DigitalGlobe/AllSource Analysis/Getty Images) (credit:DigitalGlobe/ScapeWare3d via Getty Images)
AllSource Analysis of DigitalGlobe Imagery from October 15th, 2014, showing the destroyed buildings from the Airstrikes in Kobane, Syria.(51 of70)
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KOBANE, SYRIA AND SYRIA TURKEY BORDER REGION - OCTOBER 15, 2014: AllSource Analysis of DigitalGlobe Imagery from October 15th, 2014, showing the destroyed buildings from the Airstrikes in Kobane, Syria. (Photo DigitalGlobe/AllSource Analysis/Getty Images) (credit:DigitalGlobe/ScapeWare3d via Getty Images)
Syrian Kurds Battle IS To Retain Control Of Kobani(52 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 28: (TURKEY OUT) Kurdish refugee children from the Syrian town of Kobani look on near makeshift tents in a camp in the southeastern town of Suruc, Sanliurfa province October 28, 2014. Kurdish fighters, supported by US-led air strikes, have fended off the Islamic State militants offensive into the besieged Syrian border town of Kobani for the last 44 days but remain ill equipped and short on ammunition. (Photo by Kutluhan Cucel/Getty Images) (credit:Kutluhan Cucel via Getty Images)
Syrian Kurds Battle IS To Retain Control Of Kobani(53 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 28: (TURKEY OUT) Kurdish refugee children from the Syrian town of Kobani looks on in a camp in the southeastern town of Suruc, Sanliurfa province October 28, 2014. Kurdish fighters, supported by US-led air strikes, have fended off the Islamic State militants offensive into the besieged Syrian border town of Kobani for the last 44 days but remain ill equipped and short on ammunition. (Photo by Kutluhan Cucel/Getty Images) (credit:Kutluhan Cucel via Getty Images)
Syrian Kurds Battle IS To Retain Control Of Kobani(54 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 28: (TURKEY OUT) Kurdish refugee boys from the Syrian town of Kobani sit near their family tent in a camp in the southeastern town of Suruc, Sanliurfa province October 28, 2014. Kurdish fighters, supported by US-led air strikes, have fended off the Islamic State militants offensive into the besieged Syrian border town of Kobani for the last 44 days but remain ill equipped and short on ammunition. (Photo by Kutluhan Cucel/Getty Images) (credit:Kutluhan Cucel via Getty Images)
Syrian Kurds Battle IS To Retain Control Of Kobani(55 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 28: (TURKEY OUT) A Kurdish refugee woman from the Syrian town of Kobani sits in front of her family tent in a camp in the southeastern town of Suruc, Sanliurfa province October 28, 2014. Kurdish fighters, supported by US-led air strikes, have fended off the Islamic State militants offensive into the besieged Syrian border town of Kobani for the last 44 days but remain ill equipped and short on ammunition. (Photo by Kutluhan Cucel/Getty Images) (credit:Kutluhan Cucel via Getty Images)
Syrian Kurds Battle IS To Retain Control Of Kobani(56 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 28: (TURKEY OUT) A Kurdish refugee child from the Syrian town of Kobani looks on near makeshift tents in a camp in the southeastern town of Suruc, Sanliurfa province October 28, 2014. Kurdish fighters, supported by US-led air strikes, have fended off the Islamic State militants offensive into the besieged Syrian border town of Kobani for the last 44 days but remain ill equipped and short on ammunition. (Photo by Kutluhan Cucel/Getty Images) (credit:Kutluhan Cucel via Getty Images)
Syrian Kurds Battle IS To Retain Control Of Kobani(57 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 28: (TURKEY OUT) Kurdish refugee children from the Syrian town of Kobani prepare tea near makeshift tents in a camp in the southeastern town of Suruc, Sanliurfa province October 28, 2014. Kurdish fighters, supported by US-led air strikes, have fended off the Islamic State militants offensive into the besieged Syrian border town of Kobani for the last 44 days but remain ill equipped and short on ammunition. (Photo by Kutluhan Cucel/Getty Images) (credit:Kutluhan Cucel via Getty Images)
Syrian Kurds Battle IS To Retain Control Of Kobani(58 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 28: (TURKEY OUT) A Kurdish refugee boy from the Syrian town of Kobani holds his brother on near makeshift tents in a camp in the southeastern town of Suruc, Sanliurfa province October 28, 2014. Kurdish fighters, supported by US-led air strikes, have fended off the Islamic State militants offensive into the besieged Syrian border town of Kobani for the last 44 days but remain ill equipped and short on ammunition. (Photo by Kutluhan Cucel/Getty Images) (credit:Kutluhan Cucel via Getty Images)
TURKEY-SYRIA-CONFLICT-KURDS(59 of70)
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A picture taken from the Turkish border near the southeastern village of Mursitpinar, in the province of Sanliurfa shows smoke billowing after a jet fighter hit Kobane, also known as Ain al-Arab, on October 28, 2014. Turkey wants the anti-Damascus Free Syrian Army (FSA) to control the Syrian border town of Kobane if Islamist jihadists are defeated, and not the forces of separatist Kurds or President Bashar al-Assad, Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoglu said. Turkey is fearful that Kobane could be taken over by Kurds allied to the Kurdistan Workers\' Party (PKK) which has waged a three-decade insurgency for self rule and is regarded as a terrorist group by Turkey, the United States and most of Europe.AFP PHOTO/STRINGER (Photo credit should read STR/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:STR via Getty Images)
IRAQ-SYRIA-CONFLICT-US-KURDS-KOBANE(60 of70)
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Dozens of Kurdish peshmerga fighters drive through Arbil after leaving a base in northern Iraq on October 28, 2014 on their way to the battleground Syrian town of Kobane. \'Forty vehicles carrying machineguns and weapons and artillery with 80 of the peshmerga forces will head to Dohuk (province) and then cross the border today,\' a Kurdish officer told AFP. A further 72 will fly to Turkey the following day, the officer said. The town on the Turkish border has become a crucial front in the fight against the Islamic State (IS) group, which overran large parts of Iraq in June and also holds significant territory in Syria. AFP PHOTO/ SAFIN HAMED (Photo credit should read SAFIN HAMED/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:SAFIN HAMED via Getty Images)
People waiting for Peshmerga forces at Iraq side of the border(61 of70)
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DUHOK, IRAQ - OCTOBER 28: Woman holds Masoud Barzani and his father Mustafa Barzani\'s poster at the Ibrahim Khalil Border Crossing to welcome Peshmerga forces, sent by KRG to fight against Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) alongside other armed groups in Syria\'s Ayn al-Arab (Kobani), on October 28, 2014 in Duhok, Iraq. Peshmerga forces will go to Kobani through Turkey. (Photo by Emrah Yorulmaz/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
People waiting for Peshmerga forces at Iraq side of the border(62 of70)
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DUHOK, IRAQ - OCTOBER 28: People hold the Iraqi Kurdish Regional Government (KRG) flags and Mustafa Barzani, father of Masoud Barzani\'s posters at the Ibrahim Khalil Border Crossing to welcome Peshmerga forces, sent by KRG to fight against Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) alongside other armed groups in Syria\'s Ayn al-Arab (Kobani), on October 28, 2014 in Duhok, Iraq. Peshmerga forces will go to Kobani through Turkey. (Photo by Emrah Yorulmaz/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
Peshmerga forces' weapons convoy arrives in Turkey(63 of70)
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SIRNAK, TURKEY - OCTOBER 29: A man flashes V sign as people welcome Iraqi Kurdish Peshmerga forces\' military convoy, carrying heavy weapons as it crosses into Turkey from the Habur border crossing in Sirnak province of Turkey, on October 29, 2014. Iraqi Kurdish Regional Government has sent its forces to fight alongside the armed groups against Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) militants in Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) within a special arrangement with Turkey. (Photo by Ahmet Bolat/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
Peshmerga forces in Turkey(64 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 29 : Heavily armed Kurdish peshmerga forces pass the Viransehir of Sanliurfa, Turkey on October 29, 2014. Iraqi Kurdish Regional Government has sent its forces to fight alongside the armed groups against Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) militants in Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) within a special arrangement with Turkey. (Photo by Ahmet Bolat/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
Peshmerga forces in Turkey(65 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 29 : Kurds in Turkey greet heavily armed Kurdish peshmerga forces as they pass the Viransehir of Sanliurfa, Turkey on October 29, 2014. Iraqi Kurdish Regional Government has sent its forces to fight alongside the armed groups against Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) militants in Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) within a special arrangement with Turkey. (Photo by Ahmet Bolat/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
Peshmerga forces' weapons convoy arrives in Turkey's Suruc Town(66 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 30: Iraqi Kurdish Peshmerga military convoy, carrying heavy weapons belonging to Peshmerga forces, arrives in Suruc town, near the Syrian border, on their way to Syria to help defend the Syrian town of Kobani against ISIL militants on October 30, 2014 in Sanliurfa, Turkey. Iraqi Kurdish Regional Government has sent its forces to fight alongside the armed groups against Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) militants in Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) within a special arrangement with Turkey. (Photo by Ahmet Okatali/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
TURKEY-SYRIA-KOBANE-FSA(67 of70)
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The commander of a unit of the rebel Free Syrian Army Commander (FSA) fighting alongside Kurdish forces in the Syrian town of Kobani, also known as Ain al-Arab, Nizar al-Khateeb, gives a press conference on October 30,2014 in Istanbul. A group of Syrian fighters from the FSA on October 29 crossed into Syria from Turkey to join Kurdish fighters defending the border town of Kobane against Islamic State jihadists. AFP PHOTO/OZAN KOSE (Photo credit should read OZAN KOSE/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:OZAN KOSE via Getty Images)
US-led coalition forces hit ISIL targets in Kobani(68 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - OCTOBER 30 : A photograph taken from Suruc district of Sanliurfa, Turkey, near Turkish-Syrian border crossing shows smoke rising from the Syrian border town of Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) following the US-led coalition airstrikes against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) targets on October 30, 2014. (Photo by Rauf Maltas/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
GERMANY-SYRIA-CONFLICT-TURKEY-PROTEST-KURDS-DEMO(69 of70)
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People hold a banner during a Pro-Kurdish demonstration in Cologne, western Germany, on November 1, 2014 as part of an international day in support to Kurds trying to repel the Islamic State (IS) group in Kobane. Fighting raged in the Syrian border town after jihadists of the Islamic State launched a new assault on Kurdish militia bolstered by the arrival of heavily armed Iraqi peshmerga forces AFP PHOTO / PATRIK STOLLARZ (Photo credit should read PATRIK STOLLARZ/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:PATRIK STOLLARZ via Getty Images)
Clashes between ISIL and Kurdish armed groups seen from Turkey's Suruc(70 of70)
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SANLIURFA, TURKEY - NOVEMBER 03: Smoke, rising from Kobani (Ayn al-Arab) during the intensified clashes between Islamic State of Iraq and Levant (ISIL) and Kurdish armed groups near Turkish-Syrian border crossing, is seen from Suruc district of Turkey\'s Sanliurfa on November 03, 2014. (Photo by Ahmet Okatali/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images) (credit:Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)

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