シリア:政府軍がアレッポに数十回の空爆

政府軍による先月のアレッポ空爆で、実に悲惨な状況が生まれている。成人男女、子どもの区別なく死者が出ている。シリア空軍は犯罪的なまでに無能で、民間人に大量の犠牲者が出ることを気にかけていないか、民間人地区を意図的に標的にしているかのどちらかだ。
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民間人数百人が死亡

政府軍による先月のアレッポ空爆で、実に悲惨な状況が生まれている。成人男女、子どもの区別なく死者が出ている。シリア空軍は犯罪的なまでに無能で、民間人に大量の犠牲者が出ることを気にかけていないか、民間人地区を意図的に標的にしているかのどちらかだ。


ウレ・ソルバン、緊急対応部門 調査員

(ニューヨーク)- シリア政府軍が先月アレッポで行った数十回の空爆により、子どもを含む民間人数百人が死亡しており、この攻撃は違法行為にあたると、ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチは本日述べた。アレッポでは何か月にもわたり政府軍と反体制派武装勢力が膠着状態にあったが、ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチは、11月23日以降に政府軍が攻勢を強めた証拠を記録している。12月15~18日のアレッポ空爆がこれまでのところ最も激しい。

攻撃では住宅地区と商業地区が被害を受け、数十人単位の死者を出す場合が多い。軍事上の標的と思しき場所から外れている場合か、一帯でそうした標的を狙ったと形跡がほとんどない場合がある。ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチは被害者、目撃者、現地活動家、医療関係者に電話で話を聞き、その証言をインターネットに投稿されたビデオや写真に対する分析結果と照合した。またヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチの調査員は攻撃地点のうち3か所を訪問し、被害者と目撃者8人に話を聞いた。

「政府軍による先月のアレッポ空爆で、実に悲惨な状況が生まれている。成人男女、子どもの区別なく死者が出ている」と、ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチ緊急対応部門調査員ウレ・ソルバンは述べた。「シリア空軍は犯罪的なまでに無能で、民間人に大量の犠牲者が出ることを気にかけていないか、民間人地区を意図的に標的にしているかのどちらかだ。」

ロンドンにあるシリア人権ネットワーク(SNHR)は、12月15~18日の死者数を調査し、民間人232人の死亡を確認した。大半が空爆によるものだ。シリアにある人権侵害証拠収集センター(Violations Documentation Center)は、今回の紛争による死者数を体系的に調査している。12月15~18日の空爆について死者206人(うち戦闘員2名)の氏名を確認した。

同センターは11月22日~12月18日のアレッポ全域での空爆の死者として433人を確認している。うち反体制武装勢力の戦闘員はわずか8人だ。

ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチの調査はまた、同じ時期に、反体制武装勢力によるアレッポの政府支配地区への攻撃で民間人が死亡したことも示している。またこの攻撃が無差別的であり、したがって違法なものであると思われることを指摘した。

最近の空爆は、2013年4月にヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチが発表した報告書『空から降ってくる死』での記録と同じパターンをたどっていると思われる。ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチはこの報告書で、政府軍が、当時の状況下では、民間人と戦闘員の区別不可能な戦争の手段・方法を用いているため、攻撃は無差別的で、ゆえに違法なものになっていると結論づけた。政府軍は、民間人や民間の建造物を意図的に標的としたと思われるか、明確な軍事目標を狙っていない場合があった。

先月ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチが記録した攻撃の大半が、アレッポとその北西40kmの街アル=バブの反体制武装勢力支配地区のうち少なくとも16地区を攻撃している。アル=バブは2012年7月以来反体制武装勢力の支配下にあり、アレッポの政府軍と戦う兵士を供給する場合が多い。

ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチが記録した攻撃のなかには、軍事上の標的ともなるものに比較的近いものもあった。一例を挙げると、11月12日にアレッポでの攻撃で投下された爆弾1発で民間人12人が死亡した。爆弾は、反体制武装勢力の兵士が占拠する建物から約100メートルの地点に落ちた。しかしアレッポとアル=バブの住民は、先月の攻撃では、市内にあり場所もわかっている反体制武装勢力の基地やチェックポイントについては、まったく当たっていないか、大した損害も与えていないと言う。

攻撃の現場を目撃した、または直後に駆けつけた住民がヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチに述べたところによれば、負傷者や死者に反体制武装勢力の兵士はいなかった。12月15日に負傷者100人以上を受け入れたアレッポの野戦病院の医師は、ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチに対し、負傷者に反体制武装勢力兵士が数人いたが、その日のうちに病院で亡くなった30人に兵士はいなかったと述べた。この医師はまた、運ばれてきた反体制武装勢力兵士が負傷したのは、家族の住む集合住宅に爆弾が落ちたからで、そのとき兵士たちは自宅で休憩しており、戦闘に加わってはいなかったと述べた。

目撃証言とマスコミ報道によれば、アレッポとアル=バブに先月投下された爆弾の多くは、爆発物と断片化を強める物(鉄くずや釘)を詰めたドラム缶だった。この通称「ドラム缶爆弾」がヘリコプターから投下されている。「ハラブ・トウディTV」のフェイスブック・ページに投稿された写真には、12月16日にヘリコプターからアレッポに投下されたと見られる潰れたドラム缶が映っており、こうしたドラム缶爆弾が使われているとの主張を支持するものと見られる。ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチでは、シリア空軍が過去にこうした兵器を用いたことを記録している。しかし決定的なビデオ映像はなく、爆撃地点に兵器の残骸も残されていないため、ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチは最近の攻撃で使われた武器を特定できない。

空爆後のインタビュー、ビデオ映像、写真によれば、多くの攻撃がかなりの損害を引き起こしており、1つないし複数の建物が完全に破壊されている場合もある。ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチは、軍司令官は、方針として、人口稠密地域では民間人の被害が予想されるため、広範な影響を持つ爆発型兵器の使用命令を下すべきではない、と考える。

反体制武装勢力側も、このところの攻撃でアレッポの政府支配地区内の民間人居住区にロケット弾や迫撃砲で無差別砲撃を行っており、国際法を侵害していると見られる。例えば12月4日、反体制武装勢力はアレッポの複数の民間人居住区に最低10発の地対地ロケットを発射し、少なくとも19人の死者を出した。このことを、当該地域の住民1人へのインタビューと、ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチが検討した写真とビデオ映像は示している。

和平交渉は、シリア政府と一部の反体制武装勢力との政治交渉である通称「ジュネーヴⅡ」で、2014年1月22日にスイスのモントルーで予定されている。

国連安全保障理事会は、シリア情勢を国際刑事裁判所(ICC)に付託し、シリア政府に武器禁輸措置を課し、人権侵害に関与する同国政府関係者に制裁措置を行うべきだと、ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチは述べた。

「世界が和平交渉の可能性に注目しているさなかに、シリア政府は大量の火力を用いて民間人地区を攻撃している」と、前出のソルバン調査員は指摘。「外交官が政治的解決策を模索している以上、世界はこうした不法な民間人の殺害を黙って受け入れてはならない。」

(この記事は、「ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチ」で12月21日に公開された記事の転載です)

シリア内戦 画像集
シリア難民の子どもたち SWITZERLAND UNHCR SYRIAN SITUATION (01 of42)
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epa03834181 (FILE) A file picture dated 07 October 2012 shows Syrian refugee children playing using all materials they find such as a piece of wood turned into glasses in a refugee camp at the Syrian-Turkish border near Azaz, Syria. The number of Syrian children who have fled war in their homeland has now reached 1 million as the conflict has entered its third year, two UN agencies said 23 August 2013. UNICEF and the UN refugee agency warned that the 29-month conflict has exacted a high price from children. (credit:EPA時事)
FRANCE ELYSEE HOLLANDE SPEECH (02 of42)
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epa03839166 French president Francois Hollande delivers a speech during the Conference of Ambassadors to France, at the Elysee palace in Paris, France, 27 August 2013 In his speech, Hollande said France was\' ready to punish those who took the vile decision to gas innocent people,\' in reference to the recent chemical gas attacks launched against civilians in Syria. EPA/KENZO TRIBOUILLARD/POOL (credit:EPA時事)
FRANCE ELYSEE HOLLANDE SPEECH(03 of42)
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epa03839227 French President Francois Hollande delivers a speech during the Conference of Ambassadors to France, at the Elysee Palace in Paris, France, 27 August 2013. Hollande said France was\' ready to punish those who took the vile decision to gas innocent people,\' in reference to the recent chemical gas attacks launched against civilians in Syria. EPA/KENZO TRIBOUILLARD / POOL (credit:EPA時事)
ケリー国務長官、シリアの化学兵器使用非難John Kerry Makes Statement To Press On Situation In Syria(04 of42)
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WASHINGTON, DC - AUGUST 26: U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry delivers a statement about the use of chemical weapons in Syria at the Department of State August 26, 2013 in Washington, DC. Kerry said that chemical weapons had been used to kill scores of people during the ongoing civil war in Syria and that the government of President Bashar al-Assad had used shelling to destroy the evidence. (Photo by Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
ケリー国務長官、シリアの化学兵器使用非難John Kerry Makes Statement To Press On Situation In Syria(05 of42)
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WASHINGTON, DC - AUGUST 26: U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry delivers a statement about the use of chemical weapons in Syria at the Department of State August 26, 2013 in Washington, DC. Kerry said that chemical weapons had been used to kill scores of people during the ongoing civil war in Syria and that the government of President Bashar al-Assad had used shelling to destroy the evidence. (Photo by Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
USA SYRIA WHITE HOUSE(06 of42)
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epa03838514 White House Press Secretary Jay Carney discusses the current situation in Syria and a potential US response to the alleged use of chemical weapons by the Syrian regime, during the daily briefing at the White House in Washington DC, USA, 26 August 2013. EPA/MICHAEL REYNOLDS (credit:EPA時事)
反体制武装組織メンバーたち(07 of42)
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銃を手にするシリアの反体制武装組織メンバー=15日、シリア北部アレッポ郊外 (credit:時事通信)
シリア難民の子どもたち SWITZERLAND UNHCR SYRIAN SITUATION (08 of42)
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epa03834177 (FILE) A file picture dated 06 August 2012 shows Syrian children, who fled with families the violence in their country, waiting at the entrance of Zaatari refugee camp, in Mafraq Governorate, Jordan. The number of Syrian children who have fled war in their homeland has now reached 1 million as the conflict has entered its third year, two UN agencies said 23 August 2013. UNICEF and the UN refugee agency warned that the 29-month conflict has exacted a high price from children. EPA/JAMAL NASRALLAH (credit:EPA時事)
シリア難民の子どもたち SWITZERLAND UNHCR SYRIAN SITUATION (09 of42)
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epa03834179 (FILE) A file picture dated 27 November 2012 shows Syrian refugee children waiting in lines before entering their classes inside the Oncupinar camp in Kilis, Turkey. The number of Syrian children who have fled war in their homeland has now reached 1 million as the conflict has entered its third year, two UN agencies said 23 August 2013. UNICEF and the UN refugee agency warned that the 29-month conflict has exacted a high price from children. EPA/ADEM ALTAN / POOL *** Local Caption *** 50614917 (credit:EPA時事)
シリア難民の子どもたち SWITZERLAND UNHCR SYRIAN SITUATION (10 of42)
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epa03834220 A picture made available on 23 August 2013 shows Syrian refugees at the camp of Kawergost in Erbil, northern Iraq, 22 August 2013. An estimated 30,000 Syria refugees, most of them Kurds, have fled in the last three days to Kurdistan areas of Iraq or on the border waiting to be allowed access, according to United Nations aid officials. EPA/KAMAL AKRAYI (credit:EPA時事)
シリア難民の子どもたち SWITZERLAND UNHCR SYRIAN SITUATION (11 of42)
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epa03834180 (FILE) A file picture dated 27 August 2012 shows Syrian children playing in front of their tent at Zaatari Syrian refugee camp in Mafraq, Jordan. The number of Syrian children who have fled war in their homeland has now reached 1 million as the conflict has entered its third year, two UN agencies said 23 August 2013. UNICEF and the UN refugee agency warned that the 29-month conflict has exacted a high price from children. EPA/JAMAL NASRALLAH *** Local Caption *** 50494943 (credit:EPA時事)
シリア難民の子どもたち SWITZERLAND UNHCR SYRIAN SITUATION (12 of42)
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epa03834218 A picture made available on 23 August 2013 shows a Syrian refugee family at the camp of Kawergost in Erbil, northern Iraq, 22 August 2013. An estimated 30,000 Syria refugees, most of them Kurds, have fled in the last three days to Kurdistan areas of Iraq or on the border waiting to be allowed access, according to United Nations aid officials. EPA/KAMAL AKRAYI (credit:EPA時事)
シリア難民の子どもたち SWITZERLAND UNHCR SYRIAN SITUATION (13 of42)
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epa03834220 A picture made available on 23 August 2013 shows Syrian refugees at the camp of Kawergost in Erbil, northern Iraq, 22 August 2013. An estimated 30,000 Syria refugees, most of them Kurds, have fled in the last three days to Kurdistan areas of Iraq or on the border waiting to be allowed access, according to United Nations aid officials. EPA/KAMAL AKRAYI (credit:EPA時事)
シリア難民の子どもたち SWITZERLAND UNHCR SYRIAN SITUATION (14 of42)
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epa03834178 (FILE) A file picture dated 30 July 2012 shows Syrian refugee children fleeing violence in their country flashing victory signs on a bus upon their arrival at the first Syrian refugee camp in the area of Zaatari in Mafraq Governorate, Jordan. The number of Syrian children who have fled war in their homeland has now reached 1 million as the conflict has entered its third year, two UN agencies said 23 August 2013. UNICEF and the UN refugee agency warned that the 29-month conflict has exacted a hig (credit:EPA時事)
SWITZERLAND UNHCR SYRIAN SITUATION (15 of42)
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epa03834463 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) Antonio Manuel de Oliveira Guterres (R) and Deputy Executive Director of UNICEF Yoka Brandt (L) inform the media about the one million Syrian refugee children during a press conference at the European headquarters of the United Nations, in Geneva, Switzerland, 23 August 2013. The number of children who have fled war in Syria has now reached 1 million as the conflict has entered its third year, two UN agencies said Friday. EPA/SALVATORE DI NO (credit:EPA時事)
SKOREA-UN-SYRIA-CONFLICT-CHEMICAL-WEAPONS (16 of42)
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UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon (L) listens to South Korean Prime Minister Chung Hong-won during their meeting at the Government Complex in Seoul on August 23, 2013. Earlier in the day Ban said any chemical weapons attack in Syria would constitute a \"crime against humanity,\" adding there was \"no time to lose\" in investigating their alleged use near Damascus. AFP PHOTO / POOL / Lee Jin-man (credit:AFP時事)
会談するアサド大統領(17 of42)
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会談するアサド大統領(左)と国連のラーセン中東特使(シリア・アレッポ) (credit:AFP時事)
アレッポで取材中に亡くなった山本美香さん(18 of42)
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イギリス・ロンドンの教会に置かれたシリア北部アレッポで死亡したジャーナリスト山本美香さんの遺影=24日。 (credit:時事通信)
日本に帰った山本美香さんの遺体(19 of42)
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到着したシリア北部アレッポで死亡したジャーナリスト山本美香さんのひつぎ。航空会社の関係者らが黙とうをささげた=25日午前、千葉・成田空港 (credit:時事通信)
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Syrian Refugees Add To Beirut's Dense Mix Of Cultures(21 of42)
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BEIRUT, LEBANON - JULY 01: A bedroom in a home shared by over 20 extended members of a family of Syrian refugees in a poor neighborhood with a high concentration of Syrian refugees on July 01, 2013 in Beirut, Lebanon. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon as there is currently no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Syrian Refugees Add To Beirut's Dense Mix Of Cultures(22 of42)
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Syrian Refugees Add To Beirut's Dense Mix Of Cultures(31 of42)
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BEIRUT, LEBANON - JULY 01: A Syrian refugee family from the city of Dara\'a pauses in the home they share with extended members of their family in a poor neighborhood with a high concentration of Syrian refugees on July 01, 2013 in Beirut, Lebanon. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon as there is currently no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Syrian Refugees Add To Beirut's Dense Mix Of Cultures(32 of42)
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BEIRUT, LEBANON - JULY 01: A group of young Syrians from the the city of Idlib are viewed in the home they share with over 20 extended members of their family in a poor neighborhood with a high concentration of Syrian refugees on July 01, 2013 in Beirut, Lebanon. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon as there is currently no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Syrian Refugees Add To Beirut's Dense Mix Of Cultures(33 of42)
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BEIRUT, LEBANON - JULY 01: A Syrian refugee from the Deir el Zour pauses in the home he shares with extended members of his family in a poor neighborhood with a high concentration of Syrian refugees on July 01, 2013 in Beirut, Lebanon. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon as there is currently no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Syrian Refugees Add To Beirut's Dense Mix Of Cultures(34 of42)
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BEIRUT, LEBANON - JULY 01: A Syrian refugee family from the Deir el Zour, Syria pauses in their doorway in a neighborhood with a high concentration of Syrian refugees on July 01, 2013 in Beirut, Lebanon. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon as there is currently no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Eighty Immigrants From 47 Countries Become Americans During Naturalization Ceremony(35 of42)
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NEW YORK, NY - JULY 26: Doctor Zaher Hamadeh, originally of Syria, receives his U.S. citizenship certificate on July 26, 2013 in New York City. Eighty immigrants from 47 countries became American citizens at a naturalization ceremony held by the USCIS at the New York Historical Society. (Photo by John Moore/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Beirut: Cultural Capital In The Midst Of A Restive Region(36 of42)
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BEIRUT, LEBANON - JUNE 27: Aisha, 2, from Homs, Syria, stands with her father in a poor neighborhood with a high concentration of Syrian refugees on June 27, 2013 in Beirut, Lebanon. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon with no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Beirut: Cultural Capital In The Midst Of A Restive Region(37 of42)
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BEIRUT, LEBANON - JUNE 27: Aisha, 2, from Homs, Syria, runs down an alley in a poor neighborhood with a high concentration of Syrian refugees on June 27, 2013 in Beirut, Lebanon. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon with no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Beirut: Cultural Capital In The Midst Of A Restive Region(38 of42)
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BAALBEK, LEBANON - JUNE 28: Members of a Syrian family from the city of Homs watch a television in their tent inside of a camp for Syrians who have fled the fighting in their country on June 28, 2013 in Baalbek, Lebanon. Baalbek, which is located near the Syrian border, has numerous informal camps housing tens of thousands of refugees. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon as there is currently no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Beirut: Cultural Capital In The Midst Of A Restive Region(39 of42)
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BAALBEK, LEBANON - JUNE 28: A young Syrian girl from the city of Homs stands outside a home shares with family members inside a camp for Syrians who have fled the fighting in their country on June 28, 2013 in Baalbek, Lebanon. Baalbek, which is located near the Syrian border, has numerous informal camps housing tens of thousands of refugees. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon with no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Beirut: Cultural Capital In The Midst Of A Restive Region(40 of42)
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BAALBEK, LEBANON - JUNE 28: A Syrian refugee from the city of Homs holds a child inside a camp for Syrians who have fled the fighting in their country on June 28, 2013 in Baalbek, Lebanon. Baalbek, which is located near the Syrian border, has numerous informal camps housing tens of thousands of refugees. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon with no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Beirut: Cultural Capital In The Midst Of A Restive Region(41 of42)
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BAALBEK, LEBANON - JUNE 28: A Syrian father and daughter from the city of Homs watch a television in their tent inside of a camp for Syrians who have fled the fighting in their country on June 28, 2013 in Baalbek, Lebanon. Baalbek, which is located near the Syrian border, has numerous informal camps housing tens of thousands of refugees. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon with no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Beirut: Cultural Capital In The Midst Of A Restive Region(42 of42)
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BAALBEK, LEBANON - JUNE 28: A Syrian woman from the city of Homs makes coffee inside of the tent she shares with family members in a camp for Syrians who have fled the fighting in their country on June 28, 2013 in Baalbek, Lebanon. Baalbek, which is located near the Syrian border, has numerous informal camps housing tens of thousands of refugees. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon with no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)