カンボジア:政府による人権の過酷な弾圧を国連は非難すべき

(ジュネーヴ)国連加盟各国はカンボジア政府に対し、同国が過去の国連審査で指摘された人権状況改善の約束を果たしていないことを指摘し、新たなアジェンダを実行するよう求めるべきだと、ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチは本日述べた。
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フン・セン政権は、野党勢力や労働組合、活動家らによる政治変革を求める集会の開催を暴力的に阻止するなど、日常的に人権侵害を行なっている。人権理事会に参加する各国は、こうした過酷な弾圧を批判し、カンボジア政府に真剣な改革を行うよう迫るべきだ。

ジュリエット・デ・リベロ、ジュネーブ アドボカシー ディレクター

(ジュネーヴ)国連加盟各国はカンボジア政府に対し、同国が過去の国連審査で指摘された人権状況改善の約束を果たしていないことを指摘し、新たなアジェンダを実行するよう求めるべきだと、ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチは本日述べた。2014年1月28日にジュネーブの国連人権理事会にて、カンボジアに関する普遍的定期的審査(UPR)が行われる。

「フン・セン政権は、野党勢力や労働組合、活動家らによる政治変革を求める集会の開催を暴力的に阻止するなど、日常的に人権侵害を行なっている」と、ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチのジュネーブ アドボカシー ディレクターのジュリエット・デ・リベロは述べた。「人権理事会に参加する各国は、こうした過酷な弾圧を批判し、カンボジア政府に真剣な改革を行うよう迫るべきだ。」

政府による直近の弾圧は、1月26日に発生。武装した治安部隊と私服の自警団により、プノンペンのフリーダムパークでの労働組合の集会を禁じるという政府の命令が実行された。火器やメリケンサックで武装した治安部隊と自警団は、パチンコや石を投げつけ、警棒を使って集会参加者のほか、野党政治家や人権活動家、ジャーナリストなどをその場から追い払った。集会参加者、襲撃側の人間、政府の公安職員らしき人物など複数が負傷した。

また同日には、軍と憲兵隊が与党カンボジア人民党(CPP) の支持者とともに、州都コンポンチャムでの野党の集会を妨害した。野党指導者をホテルに閉じ込め、集会を中止に追い込んだ。他方で政府は、カンボジアで最も有名な独立系ラジオ局のオーナーに対し、プノンペンでの集会開催計画を撤回するよう警告した。

今回のジュネーブでの会合は、カンボジアの人権状況について国連人権理事会が実施する定期評価の一環。本会合にはカンボジア政府の代表者が出席し、すべての国連加盟国が同国の人権状況の改善策を勧告できる。普遍的定期的審査は全国連加盟国に義務づけられており、各国の人権状況が4年ごとに評価される。

本審査に向けヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチは、2013年末までの出来事をまとめた資料を人権理事会に提出。同国の人権状況が、2009年の前回審査以降大きく悪化していることを示した。

カンボジアは、他政府と異なり、この審査にハイレベルの代表者を派遣していない。これは審査軽視の表れだと、ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチは指摘した。報道によれば、代表団の団長は政府の統制下にあるカンボジア人権委員会の副委員長。本委員会は設立以来、フン・セン首相とカンボジア政府の代弁者となっている。委員会は、人権の促進と擁護のための国内人権機関国際調整委員会(ICC)に承認されていない。ICCは、国内人権機関に関するパリ原則が忠実に履行されているかを監視する独立機関である。パリ原則は、これらの機関の独立性が担保されることも求めている。

「カンボジア政府は、自国の人権状況について国連が審査を行うにあたり、高官を派遣することすらしない」と、前出のリベロ ディレクターは述べた。「これは、フン・セン政権が国連の審査プロセスだけでなく、カンボジア国民の人権もさげずんでいることの表れだ。国連加盟各国は、カンボジア政府に対し、後戻りを繰り返しことは許されないと警告すべきだ。」

(2014年01月27日の「ヒューマン・ライツ・ウォッチ」より転載)

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epa04013901 A student holds the portrait of Atizaz Hassan, a boy who sacrificed his life to stop a suicide bomber outside their school gate, at the government boy痴 school in Hangu, Pakistan, 10 January 2014. The Pakistani government will consider conferring the country痴 highest civil honour on Aitzaz Hassan, a teenage boy who died when he stopped a Taliban suicide bomber from blowing up a school. Hasan, 15, a ninth-grade student in Hangu district of north-western Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province, died on 06 Janu (credit:時事通信社)
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epa04013902 Classmates of Atizaz Hassan, a boy who sacrificed his life to stop a suicide bomber outside their school gate, take class at the government boy痴 school in Hangu, Pakistan, 10 January 2014. The Pakistani government will consider conferring the country痴 highest civil honour on Aitzaz Hassan, a teenage boy who died when he stopped a Taliban suicide bomber from blowing up a school. Aitizaz Hasan, 15, a ninth-grade student in Hangu district of north-western Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province, died on 06 Jan (credit:時事通信社)
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epa04013903 A student holds the portrait of Atizaz Hasan, a boy who sacrificed his life to stop a suicide bomber outside their school gate, at the government boy痴 school in Hangu, Pakistan, 10 January 2014. The Pakistani government will consider conferring the country\'s highest civil honour on Aitzaz Hassan, a teenage boy who died when he stopped a Taliban suicide bomber from blowing up a school. Aitizaz Hasan died on 06 January when he tackled the bomber at the gate of the school compound. The bomber then (credit:時事通信社)
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epa04013904 A student holds the portrait of Atizaz Hasan, a boy who sacrificed his life to stop a suicide bomber outside their school gate, at the government boy痴 school in Hangu, Pakistan, 10 January 2014. The Pakistani government will consider conferring the country\'s highest civil honour on Aitzaz Hassan, a teenage boy who died when he stopped a Taliban suicide bomber from blowing up a school. Aitizaz Hasan died on 06 January when he tackled the bomber at the gate of the school compound. The bomber then (credit:時事通信社)
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epa04013905 Mujtaba Hasan (2-L) brother of Atizaz Hassan, a boy who sacrificed his life to stop a suicide bomber outside their school gate, sits with classmates and a portrait of his brother at the government boy\'s school in Hangu, Pakistan, 10 January 2014. The Pakistani government will consider conferring the country\'s highest civil honour on Aitzaz Hassan, a teenage boy who died when he stopped a Taliban suicide bomber from blowing up a school. Aitizaz Hasan died on 06 January when he tackled the bomber (credit:時事通信社)
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epa04013906 Classmates of Atizaz Hassan, a boy who sacrificed his life to stop a suicide bomber outside their school gate, sits next to a portrait of him at the government boy痴 school in Hangu, Pakistan, 10 January 2014. The Pakistani government will consider conferring the country痴 highest civil honour on Aitzaz Hassan, a teenage boy who died when he stopped a Taliban suicide bomber from blowing up a school. Aitizaz Hasan, 15, a ninth-grade student in Hangu district of north-western Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa prov (credit:時事通信社)
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epa04013907 Classmates of Atizaz Hasan, a boy who sacrificed his life to stop a suicide bomber outside their school gate, leave their class at the government boy痴 school in Hangu, Pakistan, 10 January 2014. The Pakistani government will consider conferring the country\'s highest civil honour on Aitzaz Hassan, a teenage boy who died when he stopped a Taliban suicide bomber from blowing up a school. Aitizaz Hasan died on 06 January when he tackled the bomber at the gate of the school compound. The bomber then (credit:時事通信社)
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epa04013908 A student holds the portrait of Atizaz Hasan, a boy who sacrificed his life to stop a suicide bomber outside their school gate, at the government boy痴 school in Hangu, Pakistan, 10 January 2014. The Pakistani government will consider conferring the country\'s highest civil honour on Aitzaz Hassan, a teenage boy who died when he stopped a Taliban suicide bomber from blowing up a school. Aitizaz Hasan died on 06 January when he tackled the bomber at the gate of the school compound. The bomber then (credit:時事通信社)
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epa04013909 Lal Baz, principal of government boy\'s school display the portrait of Atizaz Hasan, a boy who sacrificed his life to stop a suicide bomber outside their school gate, in Hangu, Pakistan, 10 January 2014. The Pakistani government will consider conferring the country\'s highest civil honour on Aitzaz Hassan, a teenage boy who died when he stopped a Taliban suicide bomber from blowing up a school. Aitizaz Hasan died on 06 January when he tackled the bomber at the gate of the school compound. The bomb (credit:時事通信社)
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epa04013910 Classmates of Atizaz Hasan, a boy who sacrificed his life to stop a suicide bomber outside their school gate, recite the Holy Koran as they pray for their killed classmate, in Hangu, Pakistan, 10 January 2014. The Pakistani government will consider conferring the country\'s highest civil honour on Aitzaz Hassan, a teenage boy who died when he stopped a Taliban suicide bomber from blowing up a school. Aitizaz Hasan died on 06 January when he tackled the bomber at the gate of the school compound. T (credit:時事通信社)
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epa04013917 Unidentified relatives of Atizaz Hasan, a boy who sacrificed his life to stop a suicide bomber outside their school gate, stand outside his house in Hangu, Pakistan, 10 January 2014. The Pakistani government will consider conferring the country\'s highest civil honour on Aitzaz Hassan, a teenage boy who died when he stopped a Taliban suicide bomber from blowing up a school. Aitizaz Hasan died on 06 January when he tackled the bomber at the gate of the school compound. The bomber then detonated hi (credit:時事通信社)
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epa04013918 Unidentified relatives visit the grave of Atizaz Hasan, a boy who sacrificed his life to stop a suicide bomber outside their school gate, stand outside his house in Hangu, Pakistan, 10 January 2014. The Pakistani government will consider conferring the country\'s highest civil honour on Aitzaz Hassan, a teenage boy who died when he stopped a Taliban suicide bomber from blowing up a school. Aitizaz Hasan died on 06 January when he tackled the bomber at the gate of the school compound. The bomber t (credit:時事通信社)
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