世界初の「洋上原発」をロシアが建造:輸出も計画

ロシアは、世界初の移動可能な洋上原子力発電所を建造中だ。自走式ではなく、曳航によって、69人の乗組員とともに各地に移動するこの原発は、2016年までには稼働準備が整う可能性がある。
Open Image Modal
Arthur Bondar

ロシアは、世界初の移動可能な洋上原子力発電所を建造中だ。自走式ではなく、曳航によって、69人の乗組員とともに各地に移動するこの原発は、2016年までには稼働準備が整う可能性がある。

[リンク先の記事によると、建造中の洋上原発は「Akademik Lomonosov号」だが、ロシアは同様の洋上原発を大量に生産する計画。Akademik Lomonosov号の建造はもともと2007年に開始され、2008年にはBaltic Plant社が引き継いだが、これまでは資金難のため建造が一時中断されていた。Baltic Plant社は2012年12月にロシア国営のRosenergoatom(ロスエネルゴアトム)社と契約を結んだ。同国が50年ほど前から北極海で利用してきた原子力船の技術をベースにしているという]

製造会社は、津波や海上での衝突など、起こりうる諸問題には問題なく耐えられると主張している。そして、船の形をしたこの原発は稼働中に有害な廃棄物を放出することはなく、少なくとも陸上の原発と同じくらい安全だと主張している。

さらに、仮にこの2万1500トンの洋上原発で問題が発生した場合は、人口の多い地域から離れた安全な場所に移動することができる。もっとも、「The Verge」が指摘しているように、海上でのメルトダウンが安心できるとはとても思えないが。

発電能力は70MWで、人口20万人の都市に十分だとされており、石油やガス採掘の洋上設備や、独自のエネルギー施設を維持することができない地域の港湾周辺の都市や産業などに電力を供給する計画だ[ロシア北部と極東での利用が計画されている]。

さらに、輸出用のオプションとして、海水から真水を製造する工場を追加することもできる。1日あたり24万立方メートルの真水を作り出すことが可能だ。

この洋上原発には中国やインドネシア、マレーシア、アルゼンチンなど数カ国が関心を示しているという。

Open Image Modal

この洋上原発は、7月3日からサンクトペテルブルクで開催された「第6回国際海事防衛ショー」で、詳細が発表された。2016年の完成日に向けて順調に進んでいるとのことだ。

画像ギャラリーは、チェルノブイリの強制避難区域の現在を撮影した、キエフ在住の写真家アーサー・ボンダーによる写真集から。

Shadows Of Wormwood
(01 of27)
Open Image Modal
Sunlight shines through the Chernobyl forest in the exclusion zone. \n (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(02 of27)
Open Image Modal
A panoramic view from the bridge in Karpilivka village (5km from the zone). (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(03 of27)
Open Image Modal
A view of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant through the power lines. \n (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(04 of27)
Open Image Modal
Pripyat City, where 50,000 people (of 134 different nationalities, including 17,000 children) were evacuated to Kiev using 1,100 busses on April 17, 1986. \n (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(05 of27)
Open Image Modal
Most of the highly polluted metal, such as radiators, tubes, and wires, were stolen for scrap metal. Hunters stole wherever they could, in both private and government houses and flats. This is a house in Chernobyl city. \n (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(06 of27)
Open Image Modal
A frame from the biological film that was shown in the school in the exclusion zone during Soviet times. The caption says \"The leaves of the plants faded and wilted.\"\n (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(07 of27)
Open Image Modal
Incredible doses of radiation were absorbed by nature and soil. Nowadays it is possible to see some mutation in wild nature. \n (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(08 of27)
Open Image Modal
Wild nature takes everything that people left behind. These are the ruins of the excavated houses in Teremzy village. (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(09 of27)
Open Image Modal
An excavated house in Teremzy village in the exclusion zone. Before 1986, young people came here to rest and dance at the disco. Disaster changed everything. (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(10 of27)
Open Image Modal
What people cook and eat here is grown by their own hands. \n (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(11 of27)
Open Image Modal
Self-settlers built new houses in the Exclusion Zone. (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(12 of27)
Open Image Modal
Lavrienko Vasyl Antypovych came back to the zone with his wife Motrena Nykolaevna and her mother Kondratenko Keteryna Antonova, who died in October 2010. They returned to their native village Teremzy one year after the tragedy. (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(13 of27)
Open Image Modal
Old wells with contaminated water were closed. (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(14 of27)
Open Image Modal
It is strictly prohibited to fish in the zone, but people chose to do so in order to feed their families. (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(15 of27)
Open Image Modal
Huge fishes live in the cooling reservoir of Chernobyl\'s nuclear plant. \n (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(16 of27)
Open Image Modal
Old boat close to the port in the exclusion zone in the village of Teremzy. Ships from all over Ukraine visited the port before the tragedy. (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(17 of27)
Open Image Modal
Fishermen come back to their homes on the frozen river in Straholessie village. (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(18 of27)
Open Image Modal
People who live in the villages close to the zone still remember the day of the tragedy. (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(19 of27)
Open Image Modal
A couple\'s portrait made one year after the tragedy upon their return in 1987. (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(20 of27)
Open Image Modal
Pillows on the bed in one of the houses in Gubin village (1km from the exclusion zone). (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(21 of27)
Open Image Modal
A view on an empty street from one of the rooms in hotel \"Pripyat\" in Chernobyl city. (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(22 of27)
Open Image Modal
Most of the people who live in the villages around the Zone have diseases caused by radiation. Most of them are old, and their level of mortality is really high. Ulyana Prokopovna was the oldest woman in Straholesie village, near the Exclusion Zone. She was 96 years old. (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(23 of27)
Open Image Modal
A portrait and family pictures on the wall in one of the houses in Medvin village (300 meters from the zone). (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(24 of27)
Open Image Modal
A part of a monument in the museum of Chernobyl\'s tragedy in Kiev. (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(25 of27)
Open Image Modal
Easter in Chernobyl. According to Ukrainian Christian rules, priests and servants go around the church three times, and after that they go to people to sanctify their food. (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(26 of27)
Open Image Modal
Aleksander lives very close to the fence of the zone in Gornostaypol village. He stands close to the fence and tells stories of how he went into the zone to hunt, fish or pick mushrooms. He knows every yard because he worked as a driver for many years inside the zone. Aleksander died this year. \n (credit:Arthur Bondar)
(27 of27)
Open Image Modal
Despite all of the prohibitions and punishments, people will remain living in the zone. (credit:Arthur Bondar)

[Michael Rundle(English) 日本語版:平井眞弓、合原弘子/ガリレオ]