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気象庁によると、5月1日午後3時36分、桜島（鹿児島市）の昭和火口で爆発的噴火が確認され、噴煙の高さが火口から4100メートルに達した。噴煙の高さが4000メートルを超えたのは2015年5月以来で、1995年の観測開始以来7位タイの高さという。今年43回目の爆発的噴火。気象庁の噴火警戒レベルは、2016年2月の爆発的噴火の際に2（火口周辺規制）から3（入山規制）に引き上げられている。
Twitter上にはこの噴火をiPhoneのタイムラプスで撮影したという動画がアップロードされている。
また、気象庁や国土交通省など多くの機関がライブカメラを設置し、リアルタイムの桜島の映像をネット上で中継している。中でも、特定非営利活動法人かごしまライブカメラネットワークでは、また、噴火の瞬間も含む5月1日の録画映像も公開している。
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