ネムリユスリカの幼虫、宇宙で生き返る 若田光一さんが実験成功

カラカラに乾燥しても、水を与えることで生き返ることで知られる「ネムリユスリカ」の幼虫が、宇宙空間でも生き返った。
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安藤健二

カラカラに乾燥しても、水を与えることで生き返ることで知られる「ネムリユスリカ」の幼虫が、宇宙空間でも生き返った。国際宇宙ステーション(ISS)で船長を務める宇宙飛行士の若田光一さんが、日本実験棟「きぼう」で実験に成功したと日本とロシアの共同研究チームが4月15日に発表した

ネムリユスリカはアフリカの半乾燥地帯に生息する昆虫。全長8ミリほどの幼虫は普段は水中で暮らすが、完全な乾燥状態になっても水を与えると約1時間で復活する。これは微生物の「クマムシ」などと同じくクリプトビオシスという性質で、昆虫ではネムリユスリカの幼虫が唯一持っているという。

今回、宇宙環境でも乾燥に耐えるかを調査した結果、乾燥状態のネムリユスリカの幼虫100匹のほとんどが、水を与えると宇宙でも活動を始め、2週間後には7匹がさなぎとなり、そのうち1匹が成虫になった。乾燥状態から蘇生した幼虫が、さなぎや成虫になったことが確認されたのは今回が初めて。

研究チームのメンバーである農業生物資源研究所の奥田隆・上級研究員は、以下のように話しているという。

「乾燥させた幼虫は宇宙に運びやすく、扱いも簡単。宇宙基地で魚を養殖する際に、生き餌として利用できるかもしれない」

(朝日新聞デジタル「乾燥しても死なない昆虫、宇宙でも蘇生 若田さんが実験」2014/04/16 07:50)

若田光一さん写真集
若田飛行士/聖火トーチを手にする若田さん(01 of09)
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国際宇宙ステーションに運ばれるソチ五輪の聖火トーチを手にする若田光一さん(左)ら。記者会見は感染予防のためガラス越しで行われた=6日、カザフスタン・バイコヌール市内のホテル\n (credit:時事通信社)
記者会見する宇宙飛行士の若田さん(02 of09)
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国際宇宙ステーション(ISS)長期滞在に向けて記者会見する宇宙飛行士の若田光一さん=29日午後、茨城県つくば市の筑波宇宙センター (credit:時事通信社)
記者会見する宇宙飛行士の若田さん(03 of09)
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国際宇宙ステーション(ISS)長期滞在に向けて記者会見する宇宙飛行士の若田光一さん=29日午後、茨城県つくば市の筑波宇宙センター\n (credit:時事通信社)
ISS火災訓練で指示する若田さん(04 of09)
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国際宇宙ステーション(ISS)のシミュレーター内で、火災時の緊急帰還の指示を出す若田光一さん(左)。右は米国のリック・マストラッキオ飛行士=12日、ロシア・モスクワ郊外「星の町」 (credit:時事通信社)
訓練用ソユーズに乗り込む若田さん(05 of09)
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12日、モスクワ郊外「星の町」で行われた国際宇宙ステーション(ISS)の火災時の緊急帰還訓練で、ソユーズ宇宙船のシミュレーターに乗り込む若田光一さん。 (credit:時事通信社)
若田光一さん(06 of09)
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カザフスタンのバイコヌール宇宙基地で卓球を楽しむ若田光一さん(カザフスタン・バイコヌール) (credit:時事通信社)
若田飛行士/打ち上げ前日会見の若田さん(07 of09)
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国際宇宙ステーションに向かうソユーズロケットの打ち上げを控え、記者会見する若田光一さん(左)=6日、カザフスタン・バイコヌール\n (credit:時事通信社)
若田飛行士/打ち上げ前日会見の若田さん(08 of09)
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国際宇宙ステーションに向かうソユーズロケットの打ち上げを控え、記者会見する若田光一さん=6日、カザフスタン・バイコヌール (credit:時事通信社)
若田飛行士・会見する若田さん(09 of09)
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国際宇宙ステーションに向かうソユーズロケットの打ち上げを控え、記者会見する若田光一さん(カザフスタン・バイコヌール) (credit:時事通信社)
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Ed White during his historic spacewalk. (credit:NASA)
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