【ヘイトスピーチ】「差別的ツイートが多い地域」を可視化

全米からTwitterに投稿される(差別的表現)の出所をピンポイントでつきとめ、表示する新しいマップが公開された。これによると、こういった投稿を行うツイッター利用者の多くは米国の東半分地域に住んでいるようだ。

全米からTwitterに投稿されるヘイトスピーチ(差別的表現)の出所をピンポイントでつきとめ、表示する新しいマップが公開された。これによると、こういった投稿を行うツイッター利用者の多くは米国の東半分地域に住んでいるようだ。

この「ヘイト・マップ」は、カリフォルニア州にあるハンボルト州立大学で地理学を専攻する学生らが作成したものだ。2012年6月から2013年4月までの期間に投稿された、15万件以上の位置情報付きツイートが分析され、人種差別発言、同性愛者や身体障害者に対する蔑視を意図した用語を含んだツイートを追跡し、これらの用語が使われている文脈についても判断を行っている。

われわれがこの地図で確認したところ、差別発言を含んだツイートの大部分は、小さな都市や田舎から発信されているようだ。例えば、同性愛者に対する差別発言が特に多い地区としては、オクラホマ州とテキサス州の州境付近。人種差別発言の多発地帯としては、人口が密集しているとは思えないインディアナ州西部が挙げられる。

より詳しくいえば、ノースダコタ州最大の都市であるファーゴよりは、同州の中部から、より多くの人種差別ツイートが発信されている。また、人種差別ツイートの主な発信源は米南東部だが、同性愛者蔑視ツイートは広く全米各地から寄せられているようだ。

今回のプロジェクトは、2012年のオバマ大統領再選後に行われた、人種差別的中傷ツイートのマッピング・プロジェクトに続くものだ。学生らは両調査のデータ収集のために、位置情報付きツイートの巨大なアーカイブ「DOLLY (Digital Online Life and You)Project」を活用した。このアーカイブではどんな種類のツイートも追跡可能だ。「grits」(伝統的なコーンミール)という言葉が最も多くツイートされている地域を示したマップもある(もちろん、米南部だ)。

このマップを使えば、あらゆる差別発言を、カテゴリー別や特定用語の使用状況を含めて確認できる。ただし、性差別用語と知的障害者に対する蔑視表現は含まれていない。時代遅れの言い回しもリストアップされており、そうした用語の使用頻度が低い理由になっているようだ。

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[US版で2013年5月13日に掲載した記事を翻訳しました]

[Alexis Kleinman日本語版:遠藤康子/ガリレオ]

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