人工妊娠中絶の合法化に道を開いた「ロー対ウェイド事件」の原告、ノーマ・マコービーさん死去

3度の妊娠、そして家庭でトラブルを抱えた苦労の絶えない人生を送ってきた「偶然活動家になった女性」だった。
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(Original Caption) 4/26/1989-Washington, D.C.- Norma McCorvey, 'Jane Roe' in Roe vs. Wade, is the center of media attention following arguments in a Missouri abortion case at the Supreme Court 4/26. McCorvey attended the session as a spectator. Photo shows McCorvey in front of Supreme Court steps talking to the press.
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1973年、アメリカ連邦最高裁が女性の人工妊娠中絶の権利に合法の判決を下した「ロー対ウェイド事件」に匿名で原告となったノーマ・マコービーさんが、テキサス州の介護施設で心不全のため死去した。69歳だった。

ワシントンポストによると、ロー対ウェイド事件についての本を執筆中と言われているジャーナリストのジョシュア・プラーガー氏が、マコービーさんの死去を発表した。

マコービーさんは1970年、ジェーン・ローという仮名で妊娠中絶の権利を求める訴訟の原告となった。その当時彼女は虐待、アルコール中毒、望まない妊娠などの問題を抱えていた。1970年に出産した子供は養子に出され、彼女自身は中絶しなかったもののの、1973年に人工妊娠中絶の合法化の判決が下されるまで、女性のリプロダクティブ・ライツ(性や生殖に関する権利)のために闘い続けた。

ハフィントンポストUS版のジェナヴィーヴ・ハッチ記者は次のように伝えている。

マコービーさんは80年代から90年代の初め頃まで、テキサス州やカリフォルニア州の女性支援施設で働き、中絶権利擁護派のプロ・チョイス(人工妊娠中絶の合法化を支持すること)のシンボル的存在となった。しかし、1995年、中絶の違法化を求め活動していたキリスト教団体「オペレーション・レスキュー」が、当時彼女が働いていたダラスの中絶クリニックの隣に事務所を構えた

ニューヨークタイムズによると、マコービーさんは次第にそのメンバーたちと親交を深め、その年の8月に洗礼を受けた。それ以来、彼女は熱心な中絶反対派、プロ・ライフ(人工妊娠中絶の合法化に反対すること)の活動家となり、1998年、キリスト教に完全に転向した。ロー対ウェイド事件の判決以来、州や連邦法が人工中絶や他のリプロダクティブ・ライツにある程度の制限を課してはいるものの、アメリカでは今までにおよそ5000万件の合法的な中絶が行われている。

マコービーさんは、今までに3つの自叙伝を出版し、また映画やニュースでもたびたび取り上げられ、意見を分かつ人物としてあり続けている。

プラーガー氏は、雑誌「ヴァニティ・フェア」でマコービーさんについて、アメリカで最も名前が知れわたった原告の役を引き受ける前に、3度の妊娠、そして家庭でトラブルを抱えた苦労の絶えない人生を送ってきた「偶然活動家になった女性」としての人物像を描き、紹介している。

ハフィントンポストUS版より翻訳・加筆しました。

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