スウェーデン政府、シリア難民の希望者全員受け入れを発表 オバマ大統領訪問直前に

スウェーデン政府がオバマ大統領の訪問直前のタイミングで、シリア難民全面受け入れを発表した。希望者には永住権を与えるという。この発表から見えるものはなにか。
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EPA時事

スウェーデン政府は9月3日、EU加盟国として初めて、同国への亡命を希望するシリア難民全員を受け入れると発表した。移民庁のダニエルソン長官はラジオインタビューにおいて、当面の間、一時的な滞在受け入れははもちろん、希望する人には永住権も付与すると話した。シリアでの内戦が悪化し、終結する見込みがないためだという。

国連難民高等弁務官事務所(UNHCR)は9月3日、シリア難民は200万人を超えたと発表している。アンジェリーナ・ジョリー特使は「世界はシリアの人道危機への危機感をなくしている。(中略)我々は何百万人もの家を追われた罪のないシリアの人々を支援し、難民の流入になんとか持ちこたえようとしているシリア周辺国にも手を差し伸べなければならない」と、国際社会に訴えている。

EUはこれまでシリア難民を受け入れておらず、EUに逃れるためには密入国しかなかったとダニエルソン長官は話している。スウェーデンでは昨年から、3年間という期限でシリア難民を受け入れてきた。2012年〜2013年には、14,700人のシリア難民を受け入れたという。ダニエルソン氏によると、現在スウェーデンに滞在しているシリア難民のうち、約8000人にも永住権が与えられる。また、それらの難民が家族を呼び寄せることも可能だという。

しかし、スウェーデンのシリア難民受け入れに対してはあまり快く思わない人もいるようだ。スウェーデンの英字紙 The Localによると、「既にスウェーデン国内に起こっている移民政策の議論が、さらに激しくなるのではないか」と懸念を示す人もいるという。

スウェーデンではEU加盟国の中でも高い移民率を誇り、また、手厚く移民を保護する国でもあるが、同時に移民から高い税金を厳しく徴収している。今年5月には、スウェーデンで生まれた国民と移民との間での格差が広がっていることが原因で、暴動が起こっている現状もある。

一方、スウェーデンにおけるシリアの難民受け入れには、別の政治的な見方もあるようだ。

オバマ大統領は、シリアへの軍事攻撃の協力国を増やすために、ロシアで行われるG20の前に、欧州諸国に足を運び説得活動を続けている。その第1弾として向かうのがスウェーデンだ。

ところが、スウェーデンは軍地介入に前向きではない。ウォール・ストリート・ジャーナルによると、ラインフェルト首相が語った話として、「政治的変革は必要だと思うが、スウェーデンとしては軍事攻撃を望んでいない」と話しているという。オバマ大統領の訪問直前のタイミングで、スウェーデン政府がシリア難民受け入れの発表を行ったことは、何かしらの布石という見方もできる。

オバマ大統領は現地時間4日の早朝に、スウェーデンの首都ストックホルムに到着したFNNニュースによると、ラインフェルト首相と会談し、シリアへの軍事行動に理解を求めたが、明確な支持は取りつけられなかったという。

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Beirut: Cultural Capital In The Midst Of A Restive Region(42 of42)
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BAALBEK, LEBANON - JUNE 28: A Syrian woman from the city of Homs makes coffee inside of the tent she shares with family members in a camp for Syrians who have fled the fighting in their country on June 28, 2013 in Baalbek, Lebanon. Baalbek, which is located near the Syrian border, has numerous informal camps housing tens of thousands of refugees. Currently the Lebanese government officially hosts 546,000 Syrians with an estimated additional 500,000 who have not registered with the United Nations. Lebanon, a country of only 4 million people, is now home to the largest number of Syrian refugees who have fled the conflict. The situation is beginning to put a huge social and political strains on Lebanon with no end in sight to the war in Syria. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)