ウクライナで暗躍する「3つの名前を持つロシア人」とは

混迷深まるウクライナ情勢。東部の親ロシア派による独立運動を指揮しているロシアのスパイとされる男には、3つの名前がある。
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Reuters

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[スラビャンスク(ウクライナ)/モスクワ 15日 ロイター] - 混迷深まるウクライナ情勢。東部の親ロシア派による独立運動を指揮しているロシアのスパイとされる男には、3つの名前がある。

東部ドネツク州で12日に配布されたビラでは、「イーゴリ・ストレルコフ大佐」という人物が、すべての親ロシア派の武装集団の指揮を執り、ロシア軍の支援を呼びかけている。

ウクライナと西側の同盟国にとってストレルコフは、東部の独立運動の背後にはロシアがいるという生きた証しだ。

射手を意味する「ストレロク」として部下に知られるストレルコフは、ウクライナによれば、ロシア軍参謀本部情報総局(GRU)の工作員だという。また、ロシアの首都モスクワ郊外の住民は、ストレルコフを「イーゴリ・ガーキン」という名の隣人として何年も認識していた。

どの名前であろうと、この人物が現在、公の場に姿を現すことはほとんどない。親ロシア派政治家のウェブサイトに掲載された内容によると、ビラは「ドネツク共和国の最高司令官」の名の下に発行されていた。

親ロシア派勢力の報道官はストレルコフについて、ロシア系で、旧ソ連・ロシア軍の退役軍人であると述べたが、出身などそれ以上のことは明かさなかった。

同報道官は「側近は彼がほかに名前を持っているかどうか知らない」とし、ストレルコフは「豊富な軍事経験があり、大佐の階級を持つ」と語った。

長い間、ストレルコフの人相を知る手がかりは、ウクライナ保安庁(SBU)が作成したスケッチ画のみ。だが先月、ロシアのコムソモリスカヤ・プラウダ紙は、ストレルコフと思われる人物のインタビュー映像を公開した。

そのなかで、この人物は自身がクリミア出身で、部下は戦闘経験のあるロシアもしくはウクライナの退役軍人だと語っている。使用している武器はウクライナの武器庫から奪ったものであり、ロシアは「銃1丁、弾丸1発」すら提供していないと強調している。

この人物がクリミアとのつながりをはっきり認めたことは重要だ。なぜならウクライナは、東部での独立闘争の背後には、ロシアによるクリミア編入を招いたのと同じロシアのスパイがいるとみているからだ。

<正義の味方か殺人鬼か>

閑静なモスクワ北部地区の住民は先月、隣人がウクライナ東部ドネツク州スラビャンスクの武装集団のリーダーと名乗っているのをテレビで目にしたと話す。

イーゴリ・ガーキンとして知られていたこの隣人は、9階建てのアパートに住んでいるという。ガーキンの2階下に住む住民は、彼を最後に見たのは約半年前だとし、「よく知っているわけではないが、とても礼儀正しく、もの静かな人」だとし、特に目立ったところはなかったと語った。

また別の住民(23)は「彼はガーキンだが、ストレルコフという2つ目の姓を持っていた。母が彼のことを何年も知っている」と述べた。

ストレルコフは親ロシア派の主な拠点であるスラビャンスクで、記章をつけない迷彩服姿の「緑の男たち」と呼ばれる武装した戦闘員を率いている。

ウクライナはこの「緑の男たち」がロシアの工作員だと主張するが、ロシアは彼らは自警団だとし、ロシアのスパイや特殊部隊による活動を否定している。

西側諸国は、クリミアのときと同様、今回もロシアが否定していることについて、ばかげていると一蹴。欧州連合(EU)は先月29日にストレルコフをGRUの職員として制裁リストに加えた。

EUはまた、クリミアが2月に武装集団に市庁舎を占拠されたとき、指導者に名乗り出たアクショーノフ自治共和国首相を、ストレルコフが治安面で支援したと指摘している。アクショーノフ氏は現在、ロシアに編入されたクリミアの正式な指導者となっている。

だがストレルコフがEUの制裁リストに載ったとはいえ、その身元は謎に満ちたままだ。彼の名前はリストに掲載されているが、住所や生年月日といった項目は空欄となっている。

ウクライナは、ストレルコフの手口はロシアがクリミアでの作戦を繰り返そうとしていることを示すものだとみている。つまり武装集団が市庁舎を占拠し、独立を宣言するというやり方だ。

ウクライナの保安当局は、ストレルコフがロシアの当局者から指示を受けているとされる多数の記録を公表した。ただ、これらの記録の事実確認はできていない。

ウクライナのアバコフ内相は、ストレルコフを「殺人鬼」と呼び、「対テロ作戦の標的」であると述べた。

だが、ドネツク州の多くのロシア系住民にとって、ストレルコフが率いる軍隊のような組織は、ウクライナのナショナリストたちから身を守ってくれる存在として映っている。スラビャンスクからウクライナ軍が締め出され、親ロシア派が支配するようになってから1カ月以上が経過している。

「大佐であれ伍長であれ、彼(ストレルコフ)は英雄だ」と語るのは63歳の年金生活者。「ロシアから来たとしたら、どうだというんだ。もしそうなら彼のような人をもっと送り込んでくれたらいいのに」と語る。

また28歳の男性も、ドネツクは合法的にロシアの一部なので、ストレルコフが外国のスパイだというのはばかげていると述べた。

とはいえ、すべての人が自分の周りに「緑の男たち」や彼らの謎めいた指導者がいることを快く思ってはいない。39歳の女性は彼らを含む武装した人々全員が町を去り、この争いがなくなってほしいとし、「彼がロシア人であろうと火星人であろうと関係ない」と話した。

(Aleksandar Vasovic記者、Maria Tsvetkova記者、翻訳:伊藤典子、編集:本田ももこ)

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