ヨセミテ国立公園近くで大規模な山火事 鎮火のめど立たず、サンフランシスコに非常事態宣言

アメリカ・カリフォルニア州で17日に発生した山火事は、非常に乾燥した気候のため延焼の勢いは衰えず、世界遺産の『ヨセミテ国立公園』の中にも火が燃え広がり始めた。
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Big Bear firefighter Jon Curtis keeps a close eye on a 'slop over' fire that jumped Hwy 120 just east of Hardin Flat Road while fighting the Rim Fire, which continues to conflagrate uncontrolled in the Stanislaus National Forest in California, Saturday, August 24, 2013. (Elias Funez/Modesto Bee/MCT via Getty Images)
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米カリフォルニア州で17日に発生した山火事は、非常に乾燥した気候のため延焼の勢いが衰えず、世界遺産のヨセミテ国立公園の中にも火が燃え広がり始めた。CNNによると、全米各地から集まった3000人以上の消防士が必死の消火活動にあたっているが、いまだに全体の10%ほどしか消火できておらず、鎮火のめどは立っていないという。

これまでに日本の屋久島とほぼ同面積の54000ヘクタールが焼失、9棟の建物が全焼した。別荘などの建物4500棟も危機的な状況にあるという。さらに、260万人が住むサンフランシスコへ電気を供給しているダムや水を供給している施設にも影響が及ぶ可能性があるとして、カリフォルニア州のジェリー・ブラウン知事は23日、サンフランシスコにも非常事態宣言を出した。

住宅地付近にも火の手が迫っているため、近隣に住む数百人に避難命令が出た。定住を始めたばかりという住民は「この場所は私たちにとって楽園のような場所。それが全部なくなってしまうなんて想像もできない」とCNNの取材に語っている。

■NASAが衛星写真を公表

NASAはホームページで宇宙から撮影した山火事の様子を公開している。白煙が非常に広い範囲に広がっている様子がわかる。

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■全米で最も人気の高い国立公園

ヨセミテ国立公園は、全世界から年間400万人以上が訪れる全米で最も人気のある観光地。日本人にも「大自然を味わえる」と人気の場所だ。山火事の延焼が続くいまも、多くの観光客が公園を訪れているが、「火事の現場からは遠く離れている」として閉鎖はされていない。

カリフォルニアの観光地を紹介しているページ「Visit CaliforniaVisit California」は以下のように公園の魅力を紹介している。

アメリカの自然保護運動の父、ジョン・ミューアが中心となり、乱開発から自然を守ろうと立ち上がった運動により、1890年に国立公園に指定されたヨセミテ。シエラネバダ山脈の中心部にある深さ1000m、幅1600m、長さは11kmの谷、ヨセミテ・バレーを中心に、花崗岩として世界最大の一枚岩エルキャピタンや、アメリカ最大の落差を誇るヨセミテ滝など、ダイナミックな自然景観に溢れた国立公園です。季節ごとにまったく異なる光景もヨセミテの魅力のひとつ。年間350万人もの観光客が訪れていますが、1度ここを訪れれば、人々が何度もここに戻ってくる理由がきっと理解できるはずです

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カリフォルニア山火事
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GROVELAND, CA - AUGUST 22: A firefighter from Central Calaveras Fire monitors the Rim Fire on August 22, 2013 in Groveland, California. The Rim Fire continues to burn out of control and threatens 2,500 homes outside of Yosemite National Park. Over 1,000 firefighters are battling the blaze that was reduced to only 2 percent containment after it nearly tripled in size overnight. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Rim Fire Burns Near Yosemite National Park(02 of19)
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YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, CA - AUGUST 22: Smoke from the Rim Fire is visible near the Hetch Hetchy reservoir on August 22, 2013 in Yosemite National Park, California. The Rim Fire continues to burn out of control and threatens 2,500 homes outside of Yosemite National Park. Over 1,000 firefighters are battling the blaze that was reduced to only 2 percent containment after it nearly tripled in size overnight. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Rim Fire Burns Near Yosemite National Park(03 of19)
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GROVELAND, CA - AUGUST 22: A firefighting helicopter flies in front of a plume of smoke from the Rim Fire on August 22, 2013 in Groveland, California. The Rim Fire continues to burn out of control and threatens 2,500 homes outside of Yosemite National Park. Over 1,000 firefighters are battling the blaze that was reduced to only 2 percent containment after it nearly tripled in size overnight. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Rim Fire Burns Near Yosemite National Park(04 of19)
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GROVELAND, CA - AUGUST 22: Firefighters from the Colorado based South Arkansas Fire District monitor the Rim Fire on August 22, 2013 in Groveland, California. The Rim Fire continues to burn out of control and threatens 2,500 homes outside of Yosemite National Park. Over 1,000 firefighters are battling the blaze that was reduced to only 2 percent containment after it nearly tripled in size overnight. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Rim Fire Burns Near Yosemite National Park(05 of19)
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GROVELAND, CA - AUGUST 22: Firefighters monitor a plume of smoke from the Rim Fire on August 22, 2013 in Groveland, California. The Rim Fire continues to burn out of control and threatens 2,500 homes outside of Yosemite National Park. Over 1,000 firefighters are battling the blaze that was reduced to only 2 percent containment after it nearly tripled in size overnight. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Rim Fire Burns Near Yosemite National Park(06 of19)
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GROVELAND, CA - AUGUST 22: A U.S. Forest Service firefighter monitors a radio while battling the Rim Fire on August 22, 2013 in Groveland, California. The Rim Fire continues to burn out of control and threatens 2,500 homes outside of Yosemite National Park. Over 1,000 firefighters are battling the blaze that was reduced to only 2 percent containment after it nearly tripled in size overnight. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Rim Fire Burns Near Yosemite National Park(07 of19)
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GROVELAND, CA - AUGUST 22: A firefighter from the Kern County Rio Bravo Hotshots looks for flying embers while battling the Rim Fire on August 22, 2013 in Groveland, California. The Rim Fire continues to burn out of control and threatens 2,500 homes outside of Yosemite National Park. Over 1,000 firefighters are battling the blaze that was reduced to only 2 percent containment after it nearly tripled in size overnight. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Rim Fire Burns Near Yosemite National Park(08 of19)
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GROVELAND, CA - AUGUST 22: Firefighters douse hot spots while battling the Rim Fire on August 22, 2013 in Groveland, California. The Rim Fire continues to burn out of control and threatens 2,500 homes outside of Yosemite National Park. Over 1,000 firefighters are battling the blaze that was reduced to only 2 percent containment after it nearly tripled in size overnight. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Rim Fire Burns Near Yosemite National Park(09 of19)
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GROVELAND, CA - AUGUST 21: Firefighters from Ebbetts Pass Fire District monitor a back fire as they battle the Rim Fire on August 21, 2013 in Groveland, California. The Rim Fire continues to burn out of control and threatens 2,500 homes outside of Yosemite National Park. Over 400 firefighters are battling the blaze that is only 5 percent contained. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Rim Fire Burns Near Yosemite National Park(10 of19)
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GROVELAND, CA - AUGUST 21: A firefighter from Ebbetts Pass Fire District uses a drip torch to light a back fire as they battle the Rim Fire on August 21, 2013 in Groveland, California. The Rim Fire continues to burn out of control and threatens 2,500 homes outside of Yosemite National Park. Over 400 firefighters are battling the blaze that is only 5 percent contained. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Rim Fire Burns Near Yosemite National Park(11 of19)
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GROVELAND, CA - AUGUST 21: Firefighters from Ebbetts Pass Fire District monitor a back fire as they battle the Rim Fire on August 21, 2013 in Groveland, California. The Rim Fire continues to burn out of control and threatens 2,500 homes outside of Yosemite National Park. Over 400 firefighters are battling the blaze that is only 5 percent contained. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Rim Fire Burns Near Yosemite National Park(12 of19)
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GROVELAND, CA - AUGUST 21: A firefighter from Ebbetts Pass Fire District monitors a back fire as he battles the Rim Fire on August 21, 2013 in Groveland, California. The Rim Fire continues to burn out of control and threatens 2,500 homes outside of Yosemite National Park. Over 400 firefighters are battling the blaze that is only 5 percent contained. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Rim Fire Burns Near Yosemite National Park(13 of19)
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GROVELAND, CA - AUGUST 21: Firefighters from Ebbetts Pass Fire District monitor a back fire as they battle the Rim Fire on August 21, 2013 in Groveland, California. The Rim Fire continues to burn out of control and threatens 2,500 homes outside of Yosemite National Park. Over 400 firefighters are battling the blaze that is only 5 percent contained. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Rim Fire Burns Near Yosemite National Park(14 of19)
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GROVELAND, CA - AUGUST 21: A firefighter from Ebbetts Pass Fire District uses a drip torch to light a back fire while battling the Rim Fire on August 21, 2013 in Groveland, California. The Rim Fire continues to burn out of control and threatens 2,500 homes outside of Yosemite National Park. Over 400 firefighters are battling the blaze that is only 5 percent contained. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Rim Fire Burns Near Yosemite National Park(15 of19)
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BUCK MEADOWS, CA - AUGUST 21: Fire consumes trees along US highway 120 as the Rim Fire burns out of control on August 21, 2013 in Buck Meadows, California. The Rim Fire continues to burn out of control and threatens 2,500 homes outside of Yosemite National Park. Over 400 firefighters are battling the blaze that is only 5 percent contained. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Rim Fire Burns Near Yosemite National Park(16 of19)
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GROVELAND, CA - AUGUST 21: Fire consumes trees along US highway 120 as the Rim Fire burns out of control on August 21, 2013 in Groveland, California. The Rim Fire continues to burn out of control and threatens 2,500 homes outside of Yosemite National Park. Over 400 firefighters are battling the blaze that is only 5 percent contained. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Rim Fire Burns Near Yosemite National Park(17 of19)
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GROVELAND, CA - AUGUST 22: A DC-10 air tanker drops fire retardant on a ridge ahead of the advancing Rim Fire on August 22, 2013 in Groveland, California. The Rim Fire continues to burn out of control and threatens 2,500 homes outside of Yosemite National Park. Over 1,000 firefighters are battling the blaze that was reduced to only 2 percent containment after it nearly tripled in size overnight. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images) (credit:Getty Images)
Rim Fire Burns Near Yosemite National Park(18 of19)
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Rim Fire Burns Near Yosemite National Park(19 of19)
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