考古学者82歳、IS(イスラム国)に斬首される パルミラ遺跡を守り続け

シリアの世界遺産「パルミラの遺跡」に人生を捧げてきた考古学者ハレド・アサド氏。貴重な遺品が隠されている場所を教えることを拒否したため、ISに殺害された。
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SYRIA - SEPTEMBER 01: Palmyra's Last Treasures in Syria in September, 2002 - Khaled al-Asaad, the Director of Antiquities and Museum in Palmyra, in front of a rare sarcophagus depicting two priests (they wear the typical cylindrical cap), a father and his son, one with his wife and the other one with his sister. Dating from the 1st century, it is one of the finest sculptures in Palmyra. (Photo by Marc DEVILLE/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)
Marc DEVILLE via Getty Images

シリアの世界遺産「パルミラの遺跡」に人生の大半を捧げてきた、著名なシリア人考古学者ハレド・アサド氏が、8月18日にIS(イスラム国)によって斬首刑に処せられた

82歳のアサド氏は、パルミラの貴重な遺品が隠されている場所をISに教えることを拒否したために、数十人の見物人の前で殺害された。血まみれの遺体は、史跡のメイン広場にあるローマ時代の柱の1つに吊されたという。

ガーディアン紙の取材に対して、アラブ・イギリス理解推進協議会(CAABU)の責任者クリス・ドイル氏は、アサド氏は1カ月以上前にISに拘束され、パルミラの古代の文化財について尋問を受けていたが、協力を拒否したために処刑されたという。

2000年の歴史があるパルミラの遺跡は、シリアを代表する遺跡の一つで、1980年には、ユネスコ(国連教育科学文化機関)の世界遺産に登録された。

アサド氏は、2003年に引退するまでの40年間、パルミラの遺跡を管理しており、「ミスター・パルミラ」と呼ばれていた。パルミラは2015年5月にISの支配下に置かれたが、その前に数百個の工芸品や彫像がパルミラ博物館から移された。アサド氏はその移送の中心的な役割を果たしていた、とAP通信が伝えている。

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シリアのダマスカス北西部にあるローマ時代の古代都市パルミラの全体像(シリアの国営通信社SANAが2015年5月17日に公開した資料写真より)

厳格なイスラム法の適用を主張するISは「古代遺跡が偶像崇拝を助長している」という理由で遺跡を破壊している。

今年のはじめ、イラクの都市モスルにある彫像を破壊する映像を公開し、2月にはニネヴェ、4月にはニムルドの遺跡にある建物や遺物を破壊した。

アサド氏はパルミラの遺跡と深い関わりがあったため、ISから命を狙われていた。アサド氏の友人で古代遺物の専門家、アフマド・フェルザット・タラグジ氏は、2カ月前に町を離れて家族とダマスカスに行くようアサド氏を説得したが、彼はパルミラを離れることを拒否したそうだ

「彼は、『私はパルミラに生まれ、これからもパルミラにとどまるつもりだ。たとえ血の代償を支払おうとも、私はパルミラを離れない』と話しました」

アサド氏はダマスカス大学で歴史と教育を学び、パルミラに関する数多くの学術論文を残している。シリアの国営通信社SANAによれば、アサド氏は、パルミラ博物館で複数の墓地や地下蔵、それに、ビザンチン時代の共同墓地などを発掘してきた。また、古代アラム語の研究者でもあった。

「彼はまさにミスター・パルミラで、彼なしでパルミラの調査はできませんでした」と、オハイオ州・シャウニー州立大学のアムル・アル・アズム教授は述べている。「これほど長期間にわたって、パルミラの文化遺産に携わって、多くの発見をした人は他にはいません。パルミラにとって、かけがえのない人物でした」

アメリカ国務省のジョン・カービー報道官は8月19日、アサド氏殺害を非難する声明を発表、「アサド氏の人生とすばらしい業績は、野蛮な殺人者たちとは全く対照的だ。シリアの豊かな歴史を破壊しようとする試みは、必ず失敗に終わるだろう」と述べている。

この記事はハフポストUS版に掲載されたものを翻訳しました。

[日本語版:佐藤卓/ガリレオ]

世界遺産 パルミラ 画像集
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(01 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows a partial view of the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(02 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows a partial view of the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(03 of42)
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TO GO WITH AFP STORY BY SAMMY KETZ\nA picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows the external courtyard of the sanctuary of Baal in the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. Syria\'s fabled desert Greco-Roman oasis of Palmyra saw its last tourist in September 2011, six months after the uprising began. Its most recent visitors are violence and looting. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(04 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows the sanctury of Baal in the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(05 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows the courtyard of the sanctury of Baal in the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(06 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows Syrian citizens walking in the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(07 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows the inside of the sanctury of Baal in the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(08 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows the courtyard of the sanctury of Baal in the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
Tourists are seen visiting Palmyra also(09 of42)
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Tourists are seen visiting Palmyra also known as Tadmur in Arabic, 220 kms northeast of the Syrian capital Damascus, on June 19, 2010, a wealthy city located along the caravan routes linking Persia with the Mediterranean ports of Roman Syria and Phoenicia and home to Queen Septimia Zenobia, eventually captured by Roman Emperor Aurelian and brought to Rome and paraded in golden chains, but allowed to retire and live her life in Tibur. AFP PHOTO/LOUAI BESHARA (Photo credit should read LOUAI BESHARA/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:LOUAI BESHARA via Getty Images)
A view of Palmyra also known as Tadmur i(10 of42)
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A view of Palmyra also known as Tadmur in Arabic, 220 kms northeast of the Syrian capital Damascus, on June 19, 2010, a wealthy city located along the caravan routes linking Persia with the Mediterranean ports of Roman Syria and Phoenicia and home to Queen Septimia Zenobia, eventually captured by Roman Emperor Aurelian and brought to Rome and paraded in golden chains, but allowed to retire and live her life in Tibur. AFP PHOTO/LOUAI BESHARA (Photo credit should read LOUAI BESHARA/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:LOUAI BESHARA via Getty Images)
Tourists are seen visiting Palmyra also(11 of42)
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Tourists are seen visiting Palmyra also known as Tadmur in Arabic, 220 kms northeast of the Syrian capital Damascus, on June 19, 2010, a wealthy city located along the caravan routes linking Persia with the Mediterranean ports of Roman Syria and Phoenicia and home to Queen Septimia Zenobia, eventually captured by Roman Emperor Aurelian and brought to Rome and paraded in golden chains, but allowed to retire and live her life in Tibur. AFP PHOTO/LOUAI BESHARA (Photo credit should read LOUAI BESHARA/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:LOUAI BESHARA via Getty Images)
A picture shows a camel in the historic(12 of42)
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Palmyra, SYRIA: A picture shows a camel in the historic town of Palmyra during the al-Badia festival, northeastern Damascus, 05 May 2007. The festival activities, held by the Ministry of Tourism, include horse and camel races, competition for the prettiest mare, art exhibitions and musical concerts. AFP PHOTO/LOUAI BESHARA (Photo credit should read LOUAI BESHARA/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:LOUAI BESHARA via Getty Images)
Mideast Syria Islamic State(13 of42)
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FILE - This FILE photo released on Sunday, May 17, 2015, by the Syrian official news agency SANA, shows the general view of the ancient Roman city of Palmyra, northeast of Damascus, Syria. Islamic State militants seized parts of the ancient town of Palmyra in central Syria on Wednesday after fierce clashes with government troops, renewing fears the extremist group would destroy the priceless archaeological site if it reaches the ruins. (SANA via AP, File) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
Mideast Syria Islamic State(14 of42)
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FILE - This file photo released on Sunday, May 17, 2015, by the Syrian official news agency SANA, shows the general view of the ancient Roman city of Palmyra, northeast of Damascus, Syria. Islamic State militants seized parts of the ancient town of Palmyra in central Syria on Wednesday after fierce clashes with government troops, renewing fears the extremist group would destroy the priceless archaeological site if it reaches the ruins. (SANA via AP, File) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-PALMYRA-HERITAGE(15 of42)
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A general view taken on May 18, 2015 shows the ancient Syrian city of Palmyra, a day after Islamic State (IS) group jihadists fired rockets into the city, killing several people. Fierce clashes have rocked Palmyra\'s outskirts since IS launched an offensive on May 13 to capture the 2,000-year-old world heritage site nicknamed \'the pearl of the desert\'. AFP PHOTO /STR (Photo credit should read STR/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:STR via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-PALMYRA-HERITAGE(16 of42)
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A general view taken on May 18, 2015 shows the castle of the ancient Syrian city of Palmyra, a day after Islamic State (IS) group jihadists fired rockets into the city and killing five people. Fierce clashes have rocked Palmyra\'s outskirts since IS launched an offensive on May 13 to capture the 2,000-year-old world heritage site nicknamed \'the pearl of the desert\'. AFP PHOTO /STR (Photo credit should read STR/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:STR via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(17 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows the he Tetrapylon (Monumental Entrance), which was reconstructed after 1963 by the Directorate of Antiquities of Syria, in the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(18 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows columns in the courtyard of the temple of Baal at the ancient city of Palmyra on March 14, 2014, damaged by artillary shelling in the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(19 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows a Syrian policeman standing on the sanctury of Baal in the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(20 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows damage caused by shelling on a wall in the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(21 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows damage caused by shelling on a wall in the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(22 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows damage caused by shelling on a wall in the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(23 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows columns in the courtyard of the temple of Baal at the ancient city of Palmyra on March 14, 2014, damaged by artillary shelling in the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
Mideast Syria Palmyra(24 of42)
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FILE - In this Sept. 27, 2002, file photo, a symbolic trade caravan representing the prosperous trade during the era of Queen Zanobya 260-273AD attend a show held in the ancient city of Palmyra, some 240 kilometers (150 miles) northeast of Damascus, Syria. A Syrian official said on Sunday that the situation is \"fully under control\" in Palmyra despite breaches by Islamic State militants who pushed into the historic town a day earlier. (AP Photo/Bassem Tellawi, File) (credit:ASSOCIATED PRESS)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(25 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows carvings on a wall in the courtyard of the sanctury of Baal in the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(26 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows a partial view of the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(27 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows carvings on a wall in the courtyard of the sanctury of Baal in the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(28 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows a Syrian policemen patrolling the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(29 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows a Syrian policeman patrolling the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(30 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows a partial view of the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(31 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 the Temple of Standards seen through two Corinthian columns in the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(32 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows Syrian policemen patrolling the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(33 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows a partial view of the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(34 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows a partial view of the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
Palmyra Amphitheatre(35 of42)
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Syria.\n\nPalmyra was in the ancient times an important city of central Syria, located in an oasis 215 km northeast of Damascus and 120 km southwest of the Euphrates. It has long been a vital caravan city for travellers crossing the Syrian desert and was known as the Bride of the Desert. The Greek name for the city, Palmyra (ΠαλμÏÏα), is a translation of its original Aramaic name, Tadmor, which means \'palm tree\'. Tadmor (in Arabic تدÙر) is today the name of a small city next to the ruins, heavily dependent on tourism.\n\nIn the mid-first century A.D., Palmyra, a wealthy and elegant Syrian city located along the caravan routes linking the Parthian Iran with the Mediterranean ports of Roman Syria and Phoenicia, came under Roman control. During the following period of great prosperity, the Aramaean citizens of Palmyra adopted customs and modes of dress from both the Iranian Parthian world to the east and the Graeco-Roman west.\n\nInfor and reading more at:\nen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmyra (credit:Hovic/Flickr)
Overlooking the Roman City(36 of42)
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Heritage site: Site of Palmyra, Syrian Arab Republic\nOne of many fabulous historic sites in Syria. Every day, taxis take groups of people up to the Arab castle that overlooks the Roman city, to watch the sunset. The view is great , the castle is largely intact and loads of fun to run around, and the colours, best seen when looking in the opposite direction from this picture, are stunning. But the really memorable thing about Palmyra, and, indeed, the rest of Syria was the friendliness and hospitality of the people there. (credit:Neil and Kathy Carey/Flickr)
DSC_0349.NEF(37 of42)
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(credit:benjamincooper/Flickr)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(38 of42)
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TO GO WITH AFP STORY BY SAMMY KETZ\nA picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows a sculpture depicting a princess from the ancient Syrian oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus, displayed at the city\'s museum. Syria\'s fabled desert Greco-Roman oasis of Palmyra saw its last tourist in September 2011, six months after the uprising began. Its most recent visitors are violence and looting. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(39 of42)
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TO GO WITH AFP STORY BY SAMMY KETZ\nA picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows a partial view of the ancient oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus. Syria\'s fabled desert Greco-Roman oasis of Palmyra saw its last tourist in September 2011, six months after the uprising began. Its most recent visitors are violence and looting. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(40 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows a sculpture depicting a rich family from the ancient Syrian oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus, displayed at the city\'s museum. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(41 of42)
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A picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows a sculpture found in the ancient Syrian oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus, and now displayed at the city\'s museum. From the 1st to the 2nd century, the art and architecture of Palmyra, standing at the crossroads of several civilizations, married Graeco-Roman techniques with local traditions and Persian influences. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)
SYRIA-CONFLICT-ARCHAEOLOGY-PALMYRA(42 of42)
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TO GO WITH AFP STORY BY SAMMY KETZ\nA picture taken on March 14, 2014 shows a sculpture found in the ancient Syrian oasis city of Palmyra, 215 kilometres northeast of Damascus, and now displayed at the city\'s museum. Syria\'s fabled desert Greco-Roman oasis of Palmyra saw its last tourist in September 2011, six months after the uprising began. Its most recent visitors are violence and looting. AFP PHOTO/JOSEPH EID (Photo credit should read JOSEPH EID/AFP/Getty Images) (credit:JOSEPH EID via Getty Images)

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